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排序方式: 共有111条查询结果,搜索用时 14 毫秒
1.
Bidya Dhar Sahu Srujana Tatireddy Meghana Koneru Roshan M. Borkar Jerald Mahesh Kumar Madhusudana Kuncha Srinivas R. Shyam Sunder R. Ramakrishna Sistla 《Toxicology and applied pharmacology》2014
Gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity has been well documented, although its underlying mechanisms and preventive strategies remain to be investigated. The present study was designed to investigate the protective effect of naringin, a bioflavonoid, on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity and to elucidate the potential mechanism. Serum specific renal function parameters (blood urea nitrogen and creatinine) and histopathology of kidney tissues were evaluated to assess the gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. Renal oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants), inflammatory (NF-kB [p65], TNF-α, IL-6 and MPO) and apoptotic (caspase 3, caspase 9, Bax, Bcl-2, p53 and DNA fragmentation) markers were also evaluated. Significant decrease in mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, cytochrome c oxidase and mitochondrial redox activity indicated the gentamicin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Naringin (100 mg/kg) treatment along with gentamicin restored the mitochondrial function and increased the renal endogenous antioxidant status. Gentamicin induced increased renal inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6), nuclear protein expression of NF-κB (p65) and NF-κB-DNA binding activity and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were significantly decreased upon naringin treatment. In addition, naringin treatment significantly decreased the amount of cleaved caspase 3, Bax, and p53 protein expression and increased the Bcl-2 protein expression. Naringin treatment also ameliorated the extent of histologic injury and reduced inflammatory infiltration in renal tubules. U-HPLS-MS data revealed that naringin co-administration along with gentamicin did not alter the renal uptake and/or accumulation of gentamicin in kidney tissues. These findings suggest that naringin treatment attenuates renal dysfunction and structural damage through the reduction of oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation and apoptosis in the kidney. 相似文献
2.
P. Aparna Ashok K. Tiwari Pullela. V. Srinivas A. Zehra Ali V. Anuradha J. Madhusudana Rao 《Phytotherapy research : PTR》2009,23(4):591-596
A new phenylpropanoid glycoside, dolichandroside‐A, together with seven known compounds α‐lapachone, lapachol, aloesaponarin II, 8‐hydroxydehydroiso‐α‐lapachone, β‐sitosterol, 3,8‐dihydroxydehydroiso‐α‐lapachone and verbascoside were isolated from the active ethyl acetate soluble extract of heartwood of Dolichandrone falcata. All except for dolichandroside‐A are known compounds, but have been isolated for the first time from this plant. The structure of all these compounds was determined on the basis of 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR spectral data. All the isolates were tested for α‐glucosidase inhibitory and DPPH radical scavenging activity. This is the first report identifying DPPH scavenging activity and α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity in D. falcata. Furthermore, along with a new compound, dolichandroside‐A, this study also assigns for the first time α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity to verbascoside and aloe saponarin‐II. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
3.
Ante mortem diagnosis of human rabies using saliva samples: comparison of real time and conventional RT-PCR techniques. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
T Nagaraj Joel P Vasanth Anita Desai Anupa Kamat S N Madhusudana V Ravi 《Journal of clinical virology》2006,36(1):17-23
BACKGROUND: Rabies is an enzootic and fatal disease and is still a major problem in developing countries. Ante mortem diagnosis in human cases is necessary for medical management of the patient and to ensure appropriate post-exposure treatment of contacts. Both conventional RT-PCR and Real time PCR (TaqMan) have been described for the detection of rabies virus RNA from saliva and tissue respectively, however to date, there have been no studies comparing conventional and real time PCR assays for detection of rabies virus nucleic acid using saliva samples for ante mortem diagnosis. OBJECTIVES: In this study, we evaluated the utility of conventional RT-PCR and SYBR Green I Real time PCR in the ante mortem diagnosis of rabies using saliva samples. STUDY DESIGN: Saliva samples collected from twenty-four patients presenting with typical clinical manifestations of rabies were tested in the two assays. RESULTS: Amongst the 24 samples tested, 21 samples (87.5%) were positive by either of the two molecular methods. Of these 21, rabies virus RNA was detected in 6/21 in the conventional RT-PCR assay while SYBR Green I Real time PCR could detect RNA in 18/21 samples. CONCLUSION: Real time PCR assay was more sensitive than conventional RT-PCR assay (sensitivity 75% versus 37%, p=0.0189). This study highlights the utility of molecular diagnostic tests in establishing ante mortem diagnosis of rabies using saliva samples within a few hours. 相似文献
4.
Niranjan Saggurti Saritha Nair Jay G. Silverman Dattaram D. Naik Madhusudana Battala Anindita Dasgupta Donta Balaiah Anita Raj 《International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics》2014
Objective
To assess the effects of the RHANI (Reducing HIV among Non-Infected) Wives intervention on marital conflict and intimate partner violence (IPV) in urban India.Methods
A 2-armed cluster-randomized controlled trial (7 intervention, 6 control clusters) of the RHANI Wives intervention was conducted with 220 women contending with a history of IPV and/or husband’s drunken behavior. Participants were surveyed at baseline and 4.5-month follow-up. Outcome measures included marital conflict (arguments with husband in past 3 months), marital IPV (physical or sexual violence from husband in past 3 months), and marital sexual coercion (husband forcing sex at last sex). Intention-to-treat logistic generalized linear mixed models were used to determine intervention impact.Results
One-third (35.0%) of participants reported physical or sexual abuse from their husband in the past 3 months, and 58.6% reported that their husband was drunk in the past 30 days. Intention-to-treat analyses indicated time × treatment reductions in marital conflict (risk ratio [RR] 0.4; 90% confidence interval [CI], 0.1–0.9; P = 0.06) and marital sexual coercion (RR 0.2; 90% CI, 0.05–0.9; P = 0.08), but not IPV.Conclusion
The findings suggest the potential utility of this intervention in reducing marital conflict and sexual coercion among women in urban India.ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01592994. 相似文献5.
6.
Muthialu?NagarajanEmail author Shashi?Kumar?Varma Sundar?Ramanathan Padmanabhan?Chandrasekar Kolli?Madhusudana?Rao Srinivasan?Muralidharan 《Indian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery》2005,21(2):153-156
Background The purpose of this study is to examine our experience with aortic root replacement using composite valve grafts in patients
with proximal aortic disease.
Methods and Results Since 1986, 16 patients underwent aortic root replacement using composite valve grafts for various indications which were
Marfan's syndrome with annuloaortic ectasia (n=2), aortic regurgitation with ascending aortic aneurysm (n=3), aortic stenosis
with regurgitation with poststenotic dilatation (n=9) and progressive aortic dilatation following AVR (n=2). There were 12
males and 4 females. The age range varied between 19 years and 52 years. The choice of conduit was a custom made valved graft
using a monoleaflet tilting disc valve (Medtronic Hall valve=11, St Vincent's valve=3, TTK Chitra=1 and Bjork Shiley Valve=1)
placed in a Dacron graft (Hemashield=13, Verisoft Cooley=3) prepared using a 4-0 polypropylene suture. The average time taken
to construct a valved graft was 20 min±8 min. The coronary implantation was by isolated button technique. There was no size
mismatch encountered in any patients. Postoperative bleeding necessitated a delayed sternal closure in 3 patients and re-exploration
in another 2. The immediate operative mortality was 2, the cause being ventricular arrhythmia in one and cerebrovascular accident
in other. Follow-up period ranged from 2 months to 16 years with a median follow-up of 12 months. One patient had an asymptomatic
perigraft collection and no intervention was needed. There was no valve related complications in any of these patients. There
was one late death of unknown cause.
Conclusions Aortic root replacement using a custom made composite graft offers excellent long-term results, with negligible mortality
rate and prosthesis related complications. Custom made grafts make this conduit easily affordable in our country and their
performance is comparable to other available composite grafts. 相似文献
7.
Suja MS Mahadevan A Sundaram C Mani J Sagar BC Hemachudha T Wacharapluesadee S Madhusudana SN Shankar SK 《Clinical neuropathology》2004,23(6):271-276
Rabies caused by fox bite is uncommon, most cases being caused by bite of rabid dogs (95%). We report a 45-year-old lady with rabies encephalomyelitis caused by bite of a rabid wild fox (Vulpes vulpes), a species prevalent in the Deccan plateaus of Central India. Though foxes are known to be susceptible to rabies, literature on the pathological changes caused by fox bite rabies in humans is scarce. Unlike the mild histological alterations described in canine rabies, a florid encephalitic process evolved in fox bite rabies, in our case, with intense microglial reaction, neuronophagia and perivascular inflammatory infiltrates despite clinical manifestation as a paralytic rabies. Immunostaining using polyclonal antibodies to the rabies viral nucleocapsid antigen and to the whole virion demonstrated high viral load within neurons with extensive spread along dendritic arborization and axonal tracts. Genomic sequence analysis demonstrated close homology with canine virus strain with only minor variations. 相似文献
8.
Elizabeth Reed Balaiah Donta Anindita Dasgupta Mohan Ghule Madhusudana Battala Saritha Nair Jay G. Silverman Arun Jadhav Prajakta Palaye Niranjan Saggurti Anita Raj 《Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)》2015,130(6):664-671
Objective
Evidence has linked economic hardship with increased intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration among males. However, less is known about how economic debt or gender norms related to men''s roles in relationships or the household, which often underlie IPV perpetration, intersect in or may explain these associations. We assessed the intersection of economic debt, attitudes toward gender norms, and IPV perpetration among married men in India.Methods
Data were from the evaluation of a family planning intervention among young married couples (n=1,081) in rural Maharashtra, India. Crude and adjusted logistic regression models for dichotomous outcome variables and linear regression models for continuous outcomes were used to examine debt in relation to husbands'' attitudes toward gender-based norms (i.e., beliefs supporting IPV and beliefs regarding male dominance in relationships and the household), as well as sexual and physical IPV perpetration.Results
Twenty percent of husbands reported debt. In adjusted linear regression models, debt was associated with husbands'' attitudes supportive of IPV (b=0.015, p=0.004) and norms supporting male dominance in relationships and the household (b=0.006, p=0.003). In logistic regression models adjusted for relevant demographics, debt was associated with perpetration of physical IPV (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1, 1.9) and sexual IPV (AOR=1.6, 95% CI 1.1, 2.1) from husbands. These findings related to debt and relation to IPV were slightly attenuated when further adjusted for men''s attitudes toward gender norms.Conclusion
Findings suggest the need for combined gender equity and economic promotion interventions to address high levels of debt and related IPV reported among married couples in rural India.Intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrated by male partners or husbands occurs in high proportions globally as well as in low- to middle-income countries such as India.1,2 One recent multi-country household study found that 37% of men in India reported having ever perpetrated physical violence against a female intimate partner in their lifetime. The health burden of IPV has been well demonstrated, with significant effects on women''s sexual and reproductive health (e.g., increased sexually transmitted infections, unintended pregnancy, and poor pregnancy outcomes),3–5 mental health (e.g., anxiety, depression, and substance use),6,7 as well as a multitude of other poor health outcomes among women and their children (e.g., maternal and child malnutrition and infant death).8,9Recent research among women has identified economic hardship (e.g., financial dependence on male partners and economic instability) as increasing women''s vulnerability to IPV.10,11 Although studies have found an association between economic stressors and reports of male IPV perpetration,12–16 no research has examined debt in relation to these outcomes.Debt and other economic decisions in the context of marriage, particularly in rural India, are largely under the control of husbands. Taking on debt may be associated with economic hardship, heightening stress levels among men, and, in turn, IPV. Also, previous work documenting the association between economic hardship and increased IPV perpetration by males12–15 has largely been explained by perceptions related to men''s roles financially within the family (e.g., men who do not feel that they are providing financially for their families may perceive that they are not fulfilling their roles as husbands/males, and this perception related to lack of role fulfillment may escalate into violence). Given that a decision to take on debt appears to be largely controlled by men in this context and likely tied to their perceived role of providing financially for the family, a man''s decision to take out loans may be determined, in part, by their support of masculine gender norms (e.g., a man''s role in the family and male dominance and control in the household). In addition, given previous work highlighting the association between masculine gender norms and a number of risk behaviors among boys and men (e.g., substance and tobacco use and behaviors resulting in unintentional injury),17–21 such gender norms may also be linked to taking on risks associated with debt, as well as debt-acquiring behaviors (e.g., spending money on nonessential goods such as alcohol).Gender norms pertaining to IPV, relationships, and the household are also important driving factors in terms of understanding men''s behaviors related to IPV. Cross-cultural research has shown that societies with greater gender inequities in social norms and policies have a higher prevalence of IPV.21 In the context of India and elsewhere, women''s low status in families and high levels of societal tolerance and acceptance of IPV promote IPV.22More research is needed to understand economic hardship, and debt specifically, in relation to attitudes toward gender norms and IPV perpetration. Many studies have hypothesized that stress related to economic hardship and debts increases IPV perpetration;12–15 however, less research has sought to understand the role of attitudes supportive of men''s more traditional gender norms in relationships or households in contributing to decisions to take on debt as well as in terms of explaining its association with increased IPV perpetration. Increased understanding of the mechanisms that explain associations between economic hardship/debt and IPV is needed to inform prevention approaches, particularly given the increasing number of economic promotion interventions being implemented globally and throughout India.Thus, the primary objective of the current study was to assess household debt in relation to husbands'' support of gender-inequitable norms and norms promoting IPV as well as husbands'' use of IPV against wives. The secondary objective of this study was to assess whether or not gender-based attitudes are important factors in debt and IPV, as well as in explaining an association between debt and increased risk for IPV perpetration among husbands. 相似文献9.
Sebastian L Desai A Madhusudana SN Ravi V 《International journal of antimicrobial agents》2009,33(2):168-173
Several investigations have shown that pentoxifylline possesses broad-spectrum antiviral activity against a range of RNA and DNA viruses. However, its ability to inhibit Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) replication has not yet been studied. The present study was designed to investigate the antiviral activity of pentoxifylline against JEV in vitro and in vivo. The activity of pentoxifylline against JEV was evaluated in vitro using cytopathic effect inhibition and plaque reduction assays. Pentoxifylline was able to inhibit JEV replication in a dose-dependent manner at a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) of 50.3microg/mL (0.00018microM) and a therapeutic index (TI) of 10. Experiments to study the mechanism of antiviral action of pentoxifylline using in vitro translation of viral mRNA suggested that the drug did not interfere either with early or late protein synthesis but most likely exerted its action on virus assembly and/or release. Furthermore, the in vivo study showed that pentoxifylline at a concentration of 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg body weight was able to protect completely mice challenged with 50 x 50% lethal dose (LD(50)) of JEV. 相似文献
10.