全文获取类型
收费全文 | 373篇 |
免费 | 10篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 2篇 |
儿科学 | 9篇 |
妇产科学 | 2篇 |
基础医学 | 42篇 |
口腔科学 | 5篇 |
临床医学 | 94篇 |
内科学 | 67篇 |
皮肤病学 | 15篇 |
神经病学 | 26篇 |
特种医学 | 3篇 |
外科学 | 36篇 |
综合类 | 9篇 |
预防医学 | 19篇 |
眼科学 | 14篇 |
药学 | 28篇 |
中国医学 | 1篇 |
肿瘤学 | 12篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 2篇 |
2023年 | 2篇 |
2022年 | 9篇 |
2021年 | 12篇 |
2020年 | 6篇 |
2019年 | 9篇 |
2018年 | 9篇 |
2017年 | 4篇 |
2016年 | 6篇 |
2015年 | 8篇 |
2014年 | 16篇 |
2013年 | 17篇 |
2012年 | 29篇 |
2011年 | 44篇 |
2010年 | 21篇 |
2009年 | 13篇 |
2008年 | 22篇 |
2007年 | 17篇 |
2006年 | 27篇 |
2005年 | 27篇 |
2004年 | 21篇 |
2003年 | 15篇 |
2002年 | 18篇 |
2001年 | 1篇 |
1999年 | 2篇 |
1998年 | 3篇 |
1997年 | 2篇 |
1996年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 2篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1970年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有384条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Mehrany Khosrow MD Weenig Roger H. MD Pittelkow Mark R. MD Roenigk Randall K. MD Otley Clark C. MD 《Dermatologic surgery》2005,31(1):38-42
BACKGROUND: Cutaneous cancers exhibit a much higher incidence in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia than in nonleukemic patients. Squamous and basal cell carcinomas also exhibit greater subclinical tumor extension in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to estimate and compare the recurrence rates of squamous cell carcinoma after Mohs' surgery in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia compared with those in controls and to evaluate differences among squamous cell carcinoma size and histologic grade. METHODS: We retrospectively assessed the clinical histories, postoperative notes, and surgical photographs of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and controls matched (2:1) for age, sex, and surgical year. Both patients and controls underwent Mohs' surgery for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck at the Mayo Clinic between March 1988 and April 1999. RESULTS: Twenty-eight patients who underwent Mohs' surgery for 57 squamous cell carcinomas had 7 recurrences. The cumulative incidence of recurrence on a per-tumor basis was 4.3% at 1 year, 14.8% at 3 years, and 19.0% at 5 years. Squamous cell carcinoma was seven times more likely to recur in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia than in controls (p = .003). The distribution of tumor histologic grade was not significantly different between patients and controls (p = .39). Maximum preoperative tumor diameters were clinically similar between patients and controls (median 15 mm vs 14 mm; p = .04). CONCLUSION: The recurrence rates of squamous cell carcinoma were significantly higher in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Squamous cell carcinomas in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia did not exhibit a significant difference in histologic grade or clinical difference in preoperative tumor size. Close surveillance for squamous cell carcinoma recurrence is warranted in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. 相似文献
2.
S. Adeli M. R. Zarrindast H. Niknahad S. Sarkar S. A. Bidgoli M. Korani P. Ghasemzadeh S. M. Rezayat 《Autonomic & autacoid pharmacology》2012,32(1-2):1-7
1 In cardiac surgery, agents are needed to produce temporary cardiac arrest (cardioplegia). One of these agents is esmolol (ESM) which is a short‐acting selective beta‐1 adrenergic receptor antagonist and its overdose causes diastolic ventricular arrest. 2 The 25MgPMC16 (porphyrin adducts of cyclohexil fullerene‐C60) is known as a nanoparticle which has a cardioprotective effect when the heart is subjected to stressful conditions. 3 In this study, we aimed to confirm the deleterious effects of ESM overdose on cardiac mitochondria and identify any protective effects of 25MgPMC16 in male Wistar rats. Esmolol 100 mg kg?1 (LD50 = 71 mg kg?1) was injected intravenously (i.v.) into tail vein to induce cardiac arrest. This dose was obtained from an ESM dose–response curve which induces at least 80% arrest in rats. 4 25MgPMC16 at three different doses (45, 90 and 224 mg kg?1) was injected i.v. as pretreatment, eight hours before ESM injection. 25MgCl2 or 24MgPMC16 were used as controls. Following cardiac arrest, the heart was removed and the mitochondria extracted. Mitochondrial viability and the adenosine 5′‐diphosphate sodium salt hydrate/Adenosine 5′‐triphosphate disodium salt hydrate (ADP/ATP) ratio were measured as biomarkers of mitochondrial function. 5 Results indicate that 25MgPMC16 caused a significant increase in mitochondrial viability and decrease in ADP/ATP ratio. No significant changes were seen with 24MgPMC16 or 25MgCl2. It is concluded that cardiac arrest induced by ESM overdose leads to a significant decrease in mitochondrial viability and their ATP levels, whereas pretreatment by 25MgPMC16 can protect mitochondria by increasing ATP level through liberation of Mg into cells and the improvement of hypoxia. 相似文献
3.
A series of new hybrids of aspirin (ASA), bearing both nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S)-releasing moieties were synthesized and designated as NOSH compounds (1-4). NOSH-1 (4-(3-thioxo-3H-1,2-dithiol-5-yl) phenyl 2-((4-(nitrooxy)-butanoyl)oxy) benzoate); NOSH-2 (4-(nitrooxy)butyl (2-((4-(3-thioxo-3H-1,2-dithiol-5-yl)phenoxy)carbonyl)phenyl)); NOSH-3 (4-carbamothioylphenyl 2-((4-(nitrooxy)butanoyl)-oxy)benzoate); and NOSH-4 (4-(nitrooxy)butyl 2-(5-((R)-1,2-dithiolan-3-yl)pentanoyloxy)-benzoate). The cell growth inhibitory properties of compounds 1-4 were evaluated in eleven different human cancer cell lines of six different tissue origins. These cell lines are of adenomatous (colon, pancreatic, lung, prostate), epithelial (breast), and lymphocytic (leukemia) origin. All NOSH compounds were extremely effective in inhibiting the growth of these cell lines. NOSH-1 was the most potent, with an IC(50) of 48 ± 3 nM in HT-29 colon cancer cells. This is the first NSAID-based compound with such potency. This compound was also devoid of any cellular toxicity, as determined by LDH release. NOSH-1 was comparable to aspirin in its anti-inflammatory properties, using the carrageenan rat paw edema model. 相似文献
4.
Mangaloglu L Cheung RC Van Iderstine SC Taghibiglou C Pontrelli L Adeli K 《Metabolism: clinical and experimental》2002,51(4):409-418
A novel animal model of insulin resistance, the fructose-fed Syrian golden hamster has been previously documented to exhibit considerable hepatic very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) overproduction concomitant with the development of whole body insulin resistance. Here, we investigated whether hepatic lipoprotein overproduction can be ameliorated by treatment with a hydroxymethyl glutaryl conenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor, atorvastatin, using a series of ex vivo experiments. Hamsters were fed a fructose-enriched diet for 14 days to induce a state of insulin resistance, and then continued on a fructose-enriched diet supplemented with or without 40 mg/kg atorvastatin per day for 14 days. Fructose feeding in the first 2 weeks caused a significant increase in plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride levels. There was a significant decline in plasma triglyceride levels following supplementation with the inhibitor (50% to 59%; P <.05). Experiments with primary hepatocytes revealed a decreased VLDL-apolipoprotein B (apoB) production (37.4% +/- 10.4%; P <.05) in hamsters treated with atorvastatin. Interestingly, atorvastatin treatment partially attenuated (by 23%) the elevated hepatic level of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) induced by fructose feeding. There was molecular evidence of improved hepatic insulin sensitivity with atorvastatin treatment based on assessment of the phosphorylation status of the insulin receptor and the expression of protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B. The improvement in insulin signaling was not mediated by a change in hepatic triglyceride accumulation as no significant difference was observed in liver triglyceride levels. Taken together, these data suggest that statins can ameliorate the VLDL-apoB overproduction state observed in a fructose-fed, insulin-resistant hamster model, and may potentially contribute to an enhanced hepatic insulin sensitivity. 相似文献
5.
Victoria Higgins Nicole White-Al Habeeb Allison A. Venner Dana Bailey Christine Collier Khosrow Adeli 《The Canadian journal of cardiology》2021,37(6):933-937
To effectively implement the Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) guidelines for dyslipidemia management into clinical laboratories, clear recommendations for lipid reporting are essential. In this study, the Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists Working Group on Reference Interval Harmonisation surveyed Canadian laboratories on adult lipid reporting practices to set a foundation for the development and implementation of harmonised lipid reporting across Canada. Key aspects of the survey asked laboratories: what reporting parameters were in place to assess lipid results; what interpretative comments were provided; whether nonfasting lipids were permitted and, if so, what strategy was used to document fasting status; and whether there was interest in implementing a harmonised lipid report. A total of 101 laboratories were represented by 24 respondents, as many responses were submitted by laboratory networks that included more than 1 laboratory. There was at least 1 response from 9 Canadian provinces and representation across 5 testing platforms. Upper and lower limits for lipid parameters and referenced source of limits varied substantially across laboratories, with only 56% of laboratories (9 respondents) referencing the 2016 CCS guidelines. Eighty-six percent of laboratories (19 respondents) report nonfasting lipids, although the method of documenting nonfasting status varied. Overall, 36% of laboratories (8 respondents) reported interest in implementing a harmonised lipid report. Assessment of current lipid-reporting practices supports the need for harmonised lipid reporting across Canada. Development of a harmonised lipid report for the adult population, consistent with up-to-date Canadian guidelines, will improve continuity of lipid test interpretation across Canada and improve clinical decision making. 相似文献
6.
We investigated whether intestinal lipoprotein overproduction in a fructose-fed, insulin-resistant hamster model is prevented with insulin sensitization. Syrian Golden hamsters were fed either chow, 60% fructose for 5 wk, chow for 5 wk with the insulin sensitizer rosiglitazone added for the last 3 wk, or 60% fructose plus rosiglitazone. In vivo Triton studies showed a 2- to 3-fold increase in the large (Svedberg unit > 400) and smaller (Sf 100-400) triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle apolipoprotein B48 (apoB48) but not triglyceride secretion with fructose feeding in the fasted state (P < 0.01) and partial normalization with rosiglitazone in fructose-fed hamsters. Ex vivo pulse-chase labeling of enterocytes confirmed the oversecretion of apoB48 lipoproteins with fructose feeding. Intestinal lipoprotein oversecretion was associated with increased expression of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein expression. With rosiglitazone treatment of fructose-fed hamsters, there was approximately 50% reduction in apoB48 secretion from primary cultured enterocytes and amelioration of the elevated microsomal triglyceride transfer protein mass and activity in fructose-fed hamsters. In contrast, in the postprandial state, the major differences between nutritional and drug intervention protocols were evident in triglyceride-rich lipoprotein triglyceride and not apoB48 secretion rates. The data suggest that intestinal lipoprotein overproduction can be ameliorated with the insulin sensitizer rosiglitazone. 相似文献
7.
Due to SARS‐COV‐2 (COVID‐19) pandemic and its catastrophic impact on society, the FDA granted emergency use authorization for some vaccines. Possible rare side effects could not have been observed in this relatively short period. We are reporting an elderly lady with multiple comorbidities who presented with progressive lower limb weakness that started seven days after receiving the first dose of the COVID‐19 vaccine. The electrodiagnostic study showed demyelinating polyneuropathy with secondary axonal degeneration consistent with Guillain–Barré syndrome. We ruled out other possible causes for GBS, suggesting a postvaccine nature for her presentation. The patient received intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) for five days and gradually improved, which supports our initial diagnosis. 相似文献
8.
Julie L.V. Shaw Ashley Cohen Danijela Konforte Tina Binesh-Marvasti David A. Colantonio Khosrow Adeli 《Clinical biochemistry》2014
Objectives
To compare pediatric reference intervals calculated using hospital-based patient data with those calculated using samples collected from healthy children in the community as part of the CALIPER study.Methods
Hospital-based data for 13 analytes (calcium, phosphate, iron, ALP, cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, direct bilirubin, total bilirubin, ALT, AST, albumin and magnesium), measured on the Vitros 5600, collected between 2007 and 2011 were obtained. The data for each analyte were partitioned by age and gender as previously defined by the CALIPER study. Outliers in each partition were removed using the Tukey method. The cumulative distribution function (cdf) was then determined for each analyte value following which, the inverse cdf values of a standard Gaussian distribution were calculated. The analyte values were plotted against the inverse cdf of the standard Gaussian distribution. Piece-wise regression determined the linear portion of the resulting graph using the statistical software R. Linear regression determined an equation for the linear portion in each partition and reference intervals were calculated by extrapolating to identify the 2.5th and 97.5th centiles in each partition based on the inverse cdf values (which would correspond to the values − 1.96 and 1.96 of the Gaussian distribution). Using the 90% confidence intervals for the reference intervals defined by CALIPER and the Reference Change Value (RCV) as the criteria, these calculated reference intervals were compared to those reported previously by CALIPER. Reference samples were also measured on the Vitros 5600 analyzer in an attempt to validate the calculated reference intervals.Results
In general, the reference intervals calculated from hospital-based data were generally wider than those calculated by CALIPER. None of the reference intervals calculated using the Hoffmann approach fell completely within the 90% confidence intervals calculated by CALIPER.Conclusions
These results suggest that calculating pediatric reference intervals from hospital-based data may be useful, as a guide, in some cases but will likely not replace the need to establish reference intervals in healthy pediatric populations. 相似文献9.
Nasrollah Ahmadi PhD Shahrzad Negahban MD Azita Aledavood MD Khosrow Daneshbod MD FCAP Yahya Daneshbod MD 《The breast journal》2015,21(3):291-296
Malignant adenomyoepithelioma (MAME) of the breast is a rare lesion characterized by dual population of epithelial and myoepithelial cells which one or both components show malignant features. We report a case of MAME of the breast in a 46‐year‐old woman diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration with extensive review of the literature. Classification, clinical presentation, cyto‐pathologic, and immunohistochemical features are described. This lesion showed both malignant components of epithelial and myoepithelial cells in cytology and histology. The malignancy was convincingly supported by high mitotic figures, pleomorphism, and invasion in tissue sections. This review of MAMEs showed that cyto‐histologic diagnosis is difficult and should be supported by immunohistochemical study. 相似文献
10.
Expression of peripheral blood lymphocyte muscarinic cholinergic receptor subtypes in airway hyperresponsiveness 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ricci A Amenta F Bronzetti E Mannino F Mariotta S Tayebati SK 《Journal of neuroimmunology》2002,129(1-2):178-185
The expression of muscarinic cholinergic receptor subtypes was investigated in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of bronchial asthma patients by a combined kinetic and equilibrium labeling technique for radioligand binding assay of muscarinic cholinergic receptor subtypes and by receptor immunochemistry and immunocytochemistry. An increased expression of M2 and to a lesser extent of M5 receptors and no changes of M4 receptor were observed in PBL of asthmatics compared to control individuals. The increase was related to bronchial hyperresponsiveness detected by methacholine challenge test. Analysis of M3 receptor expression revealed biphasic changes, with a decreased receptor density in patients with normal, mild and moderate responses to methacholine test and a recovery to levels similar to those found in healthy individuals in severe responders to methacholine test. The demonstration of a different expression of lymphocyte muscarinic receptors in asthma suggests that cholinergic system may participate to a molecular framework influencing immune functions in asthma. 相似文献