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1.
Kellie D Bryant 《The ABNF journal》2006,17(4):133-136
Adolescent pregnancy is a social issue that severely jeopardizes the quality of life for young parents and their children. It is estimated that if fertility rates remain unchanged, the United States will see a 26% increase in the number of adolescent pregnancies and births due to an increase in the adolescent population (Henshaw, 1996). With a disproportional rate of Black adolescents becoming pregnant, there is a need to examine factors related to the high adolescent pregnancy rate among the Black community. Black adolescent mothers and their children face additional adverse psychosocial effects due to healthcare disparities, a higher incidence of health problems, and an increase risk of financial hardship (Hogan, Astone, & Kitagawa, 1985; J. V. Horn, 1998; Morgan, Chapar, & Fisher, 1995). Although the teenage pregnancy rate has declined, it is important for practitioners to continue to implement interventions that promote abstinence and increase contraceptive use among sexually active adolescents. 相似文献
2.
The cannabinoid system and immune modulation 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
Klein TW Newton C Larsen K Lu L Perkins I Nong L Friedman H 《Journal of leukocyte biology》2003,74(4):486-496
3.
Clinton F Stewart Lisa C Iacono Murali Chintagumpala Stewart J Kellie David Ashley W C Zamboni M N Kirstein Maryam Fouladi Louis G Seele Dana Wallace Peter J Houghton Amar Gajjar 《Journal of clinical oncology》2004,22(16):3357-3365
PURPOSE: To assess the antitumor efficacy of pharmacokinetically guided topotecan dosing in previously untreated patients with medulloblastoma and supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumors, and to evaluate plasma and CSF disposition of topotecan in these patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: After maximal surgical resection, 44 children with previously untreated high-risk medulloblastoma were enrolled, of which 36 were assessable for response. The topotecan window consisted of two cycles, administered initially as a 30-minute infusion daily for 5 days, lasting 6 weeks. Pharmacokinetic studies were conducted on day 1 to attain a topotecan lactone area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of 120 to 160 ng/mL.h. After 10 patients were enrolled, the infusion was modified to 4 hours, with dosage individualization. RESULTS: Of 36 assessable patients, four patients (11.1%) had a complete response and six (16.6%) showed a partial response, and disease was stable in 17 patients (47.2%). Toxicity was mostly hematologic, with only one patient experiencing treatment delay. The target plasma AUC was achieved in 24 of 32 studies (75%) in the 30-minute infusion group, and in 58 of 93 studies (62%) in the 4-hour infusion group. The desired CSF topotecan exposure was achieved in seven of eight pharmacokinetic studies when the topotecan plasma AUC was within target range. CONCLUSION: Topotecan is an effective agent against pediatric medulloblastoma in patients who have received no therapy other than surgery. Pharmacokinetically guided dosing achieved the target plasma AUC in the majority of patients. This drug warrants testing as part of standard postradiation chemotherapeutic regimens. Furthermore, these results emphasize the importance of translational research in drug development, which in this case identified an effective drug. 相似文献
4.
Kellie L Waters Natasha Wiebe Kristie Cramer Lisa Hartling Terry P Klassen 《BMC pediatrics》2006,6(1):26-8
Background
Our goal was to quantify the evidence that is available to the physicians of a pediatric emergency department (PED) in making treatment decisions. Further, we wished to ascertain what percentage of evidence for treatment provided in the PED comes from pediatric studies. 相似文献5.
Study of an outbreak of ciguatera fish poisoning in Hong Kong. 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) has been a significant and increasing public health problem in Hong Kong since 1980s. With growing demand for imported live coral fishes, the number of people who suffered from this disease has also been increasing. An outbreak of CFP in 2004 was the second most prominent in record as compared with the most significant one that occurred in 1998. In 2004, out of a total of 823 reported food poisoning outbreaks involving 3159 persons, 65 incidents (7.9%) affecting 247 people (7.8%) were attributed to CFP. Validated mouse bioassay analysis of surveillance samples revealed that seven samples (13%) were confirmed to be contaminated with ciguatoxins (CTXs). Typical symptoms of CTXs were found in mice injected with 20mg of fish extracts. The causative fishes included Cheilinus undulatus, Epinephelus coioides, Plectropomus areolatus, and Plectropomus leopardus. Most of these CTX-positive samples analyzed had only trace amounts of CTXs in their extract, except a C. undulatus sample which contained a mice lethal dose (2.5MU/20mg ether extract). This fish species was also the major origin of coral fish that caused clusters of CFP in the last quarter of 2004. Cigua-Check analysis of 20 flesh grains from seven CTX-positive fishes, previously confirmed as CTX-positive samples by mouse bioassay, showed that 50% of flesh grains were CTX contaminated. 相似文献
6.
Kyle J. Burghardt Margo R. Bowman Maho Hibino Barima K. Opong-Owusu Tiffany D. Pokora Katherine Reeves Kellie M. Vile 《Research in social & administrative pharmacy》2013,9(5):542-552
BackgroundLow health literacy affects 80–90 million Americans with low-income, minority populations being more vulnerable to this condition. One method of addressing limited literacy that may be particularly well accepted within vulnerable populations is the use of educational board games in order to emphasize seeking health information from reliable sources such as pharmacists.ObjectiveThe research objective was to determine if the use of educational board games could impact community pharmacy patron intentions to seek pharmacist advice in an urban, minority, economically-disadvantaged population.MethodsFour medication-related educational games were played at an urban community pharmacy under the leadership of pharmacy students in the setting of a health party. Game messages, design, and evaluation processes were uniquely guided by community members' input. A verbally administered questionnaire measured game impact via knowledge and perception questions with responses compared between a non-randomly allocated intervention group and a control group.ResultsNinety-nine adults were included in the intervention (or game) group and 94 adults were in the control group. Game participants were significantly more likely than the control group to indicate they would seek pharmacist medication advice in the future.ConclusionEducational board games played in the setting of a health party can be a fun and effective way to convey selected health messages within an urban, minority, economically disadvantaged population. Community input into game development and layering multiple strategies for overcoming health literacy barriers were essential components of this initiative. 相似文献
7.
Supervised visitation centers (SVCs) have developed rapidly across the United States. Increasingly, courts are restricting contact between abusive intimate partners and their children by ordering visitation or exchanges to occur at SVCs. This article describes some of the key lessons the authors learned over 18 months of planning and then another 18 months of implementation at a SVC developed specifically to serve families for whom domestic violence was their primary reason for referral. The authors have organized their experiences around five major themes: (a) battered women in supervised visitation, (b) how battering continues during supervised visitation, (c) how rules at the SVC evolved over the first 18 months of implementation, (d) the importance of well-trained visit monitors, and (e) the need to embed SVCs within a larger context of coordinated community responses to domestic violence. 相似文献
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As classrooms grow in diversity, educators may find it more challenging to create learning environments that meet the needs of all students. Pedagogical practices that facilitate discussion should be used to enhance learning for all students. However, engaging students in conversation becomes a daunting task if students have not completed preclass assignments. This study examines whether the student response system could promote learning, encourage participation, and motivate diverse students to prepare for class. 相似文献