Urodynamic studies in the evaluation of young men presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms

AIM: To evaluate the usefulness of urodynamic study in young men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). METHODS: We reviewed the charts of 50 men with LUTS aged 50 years and below. Those with neurological diseases, urethral trauma or strictures were excluded. All underwent multichannel urodynamic studies (UDS). The pre- and post-UDS diagnoses and treatment modalities were compared. RESULTS: Mean age was 38.1 years (17-49). The main pre-UDS diagnoses included prostatitis in seven (14%), overactive bladder in seventeen (34%) and benign prostatic hyperplasia in nine (18%). Pre-UDS management ranged from anticholingeric agents for thirteen (26%), alpha-adrenergic antagonists for nine (18%), antibiotics for six (12%). Abnormal UDS were noted in 36 (72%), including detrusor overactivity in 9 (18%), detrusor underactivity/acontractility in 5 (10%) and bladder outlet obstruction in 21 (42%). Fourteen (28%) had primary bladder neck dysfunction and five (10%) had benign prostatic hyperplasia. Post-UDS management included anticholingeric agents for ten (26%), alpha-adrenergic antagonists for seventeen (34%), catheterization for four (10%), behavioral therapy for three (6%), surgery for three (6%). None were prescribed antibiotics. Following UDS, the diagnosis had to be updated in 40 (80%) and concomitant change in management was required in 34 (68%). CONCLUSION: Young men presenting with LUTS have different underlying etiologies. Clinical diagnosis and treatment are often empiric and inaccurate. Urodynamic study is useful in the evaluation of this group of patients as it aids in arriving at an accurate diagnosis and guides treatment therapy.     

Effect of Histamine Receptor Blocking on Human Antibody-dependent Cell-mediated Cytotoxicity

The effect of H1 and H2 receptor-blocking agents on antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) was studied. The H1 receptor-blocker clemastinum and the H2 receptor blocker cimetidine dose-dependently inhibited the antibody-dependent cytotoxic activity of normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells on chicken erythrocytes. The inhibition cannot be explained either by a direct toxic effect on effector cells or by blocking of Fc receptors. The possible involvement of histamine receptor-bearing effector cells in human ADCC is suggested.     

Reactivity of Hybridoma Antibodies with Amniotic and Plasma Fibronectin

Mouse antibodies were prepared to human amniotic fluid fibronectin by means of somatic cell hybrids. Comparison of immunological reactivity of antibodies with amniotic and plasma fibronectin revealed that the two molecules had very similar patterns of antigenic determinants. Antibodies from one cell population, however, bound belier to amniotic fluid fibronectin, indicating that there is a difference in the molecular structure of fibronectins isolated from the two sources.     

泽泻提取物不同组分对尿草酸钙结石形成的实验研究

目的 :研究泽泻提取物不同组分对尿草酸钙结石形成的影响 ,并确定其抑制尿草酸钙结石形成的有效部位。方法 :通过喂服泽泻提取物不同组分对乙二醇和氯化铵诱导的大白鼠肾草酸钙结石模型进行实验研究。结果 :服用泽泻醋酸乙酯浸膏的醋酸乙酯洗脱液大鼠的血清尿素氮 (BUN) ,肌酐 (Cr) ,肾钙 (Ca²⁺ )含量 ,24h尿Ca²⁺ 分泌量 ,肾组织的草酸钙晶体沉积均明显低于成石组 (P<0.05)。结论 :泽泻醋酸乙酯浸膏的醋酸乙酯洗脱液能抑制实验性高草酸尿症大白鼠体内肾草酸钙晶体的形成 ,是泽泻抑制尿草酸钙结石形成的有效部位。     

喉鳞状细胞癌组织体外原代培养的初步研究

目的 应用体外培养技术,对喉鳞状细胞癌组织进行体外培养,探讨喉鳞癌组织原代培养中的各种影响因素,为建立人喉鳞癌组织的细胞系提供实验基础。方法采用体外组织培养技术,对24例人喉鳞状细胞癌组织进行原代培养,观察原代培养中肿瘤细胞的生长与供体的年龄、肿瘤组织的分化程度及不同培养方法的关系,分析在人喉鳞癌细胞的培养中成纤维细胞、微生物污染的影响。结果 24例人喉鳞状细胞癌组织标本,年龄小于60岁组的细胞生长率为31.25％(5/16例),年龄大于60岁组为37.5％(3/8例);高分化组为100％(2/2例),中分化组为30.8％(4/13例),低分化组25％(2/8例);组织块培养法为43.75％(7/16例),酶消化法培养为10％(1/10例);倒置显微镜下观察,在培养的第5～7天,在贴壁组织块周围可见到有上皮样细胞爬出。全部标本中,成纤维细胞的过度生长和微生物的污染是阻碍人喉鳞癌细胞生长的重要因素。结论培养组织的细胞生长率与供体的年龄关系不大;肿瘤组织的分化程度较高者,细胞的生长率较高;与酶消化分离培养法相比,贴壁组织块培养法的细胞生长率较高;成纤维细胞及微生物的污染是阻碍人喉鳞癌细胞系建立的重要因素。     

γ射线对大鼠血管平滑肌细胞增殖和周期影响

目的：探讨γ射线对大鼠血管平滑肌细胞（VSMCs）抑制作用机理。方法：对大鼠VSMCs进行原代培养，经^3H-TdR掺入法观察γ射线对VSMCs增殖情况影响，应用流式细胞仪检测γ射线对VSMCs细胞周期的影响。采用Western Blot技术检测γ射线对VSMCs p53、细胞周期素D（cyclin D)和增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）表达的影响。结果：γ射线对寻殖的抑制作用呈剂量依赖性。γ射线照射可诱导VSMCs出现G1期阻滞，在照射后一定时间内会导致p53表达增强，cyclinD和PCNA表达减弱，结论：γ射线可抑制VSMCs增殖，其机制可能主要是γ射线诱导VSMCs出现G1期阻滞，抑制VSMCs进行有丝分裂，在这个过程中p53,cyclinD和PCNA等分子起到一定作用。     

Proteus syndrome

Abstract: This female Asian (Malay) baby had clinical features of Proteus syndrome. She had a large right facial lipolymphangioma with hyperpigmentation of the overlying skin. There was a smaller lymphangioma over the left side of her neck with excess nuchal folds, macrodactyly and bilateral talipes equinovarus. Despite the extensive hemifacial swelling, there was no evidence of upper respiratory tract obstruction. Generalized seizures developed on the sixth day of life which were controlled with phenobarbital. The lymphangiomas were excised without recurrence.     

Comparing sulindac with indomethacin for closure of ductus arteriosus in preterm infants

Objectives: A prospective study comparing the efficiacy and side-effects of oral sulindac with intravenous indomethacin in clinically stable preterm infants (<1750 g) requiring non-invasive closure of haemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus.
Methodology: As maturity and birthweight are the two major determinants of ductal closure, infants were matched as closely as possible for these parameters. An eligible patient was first assigned to the sulindac group and a subsequent patient with similar gestational age (± 1 week) and birthweight (±100 g) to the previously recruited infant would automatically receive indomethacin. A total of eight infants were enrolled in each group.
Results: The ductus arteriosus was successfully closed in all eight infants receiving indomethacin, and in seven of eight infants receiving sulindac. No significant differences were found with regards to the ductal size between the two groups at diagnosis or on each of the consecutive days of treatment ( P >0.25). More renal adverse effects were encountered in the indomethacin group. Significant differences in changes from baseline value for urine output, plasma sodium, urea and creatinine concentrations were noted at 24, 48 and 72 h after commencement of treatment between the two groups ( P <0.05). All the parameters returned to normal or pre-treatment levels 48 h after stopping therapy. Unexpectedly, severe gastrointestinal complications were encountered in the sulindac group.
Conclusions: Sulindac is capable of promoting ductal constriction in clinically stable preterm infants without compromising the renal function. The spectrum of gastrointestinal complications observed in sulindac treated infants were similar to those described for indomethacin. The use of sulindac for ductal closure in the preterm infant should remain experimental.     

膳食结构及身体活动度对攀枝花城乡居民血脂水平的影响

目的分析评价膳食结构和身体活动度对攀枝花城乡居民血脂水平的影响。方法随机整群抽取攀枝花城乡居民863人进行血脂水平的测定,以系统抽样的方法选择其中99人,通过食物频度问卷及身体活动度问卷定量评价膳食结构和身体活动度对人群血脂水平的影响。结果城乡居民总体血脂异常的患病率为36.0%,城镇居民TC、TG及LDL-C水平显著高于乡村居民(P<0.01),而HDL-C水平城乡无显著差异(P>0.05)。城乡居民平均每人每日能量摄入量差别无统计学意义(P>0.05),能量消耗量城镇显著低于乡村(P<0.01),城镇居民脂肪及胆固醇的摄入量显著高于乡村(P<0.01),碳水化合物及膳食纤维的摄入量低于乡村(P<0.05),Keys脂质分值显著高于乡村(P<0.01)。结论应针对人群特点,进行适当的健康教育,改善膳食结构,增强体力活动,以获得理想的血脂水平。