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1.
Melatonin reduces oxidative stress and improves vascular function in pulmonary hypertensive newborn sheep
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Flavio Torres Alejandro González‐Candia Camilo Montt Germán Ebensperger Magdalena Chubretovic María Serón‐Ferré Roberto V. Reyes Aníbal J. Llanos Emilio A. Herrera 《Journal of pineal research》2015,58(3):362-373
Pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PHN) constitutes a critical condition with severe cardiovascular and neurological consequences. One of its main causes is hypoxia during gestation, and thus, it is a public health concern in populations living above 2500 m. Although some mechanisms are recognized, the pathophysiological facts that lead to PHN are not fully understood, which explains the lack of an effective treatment. Oxidative stress is one of the proposed mechanisms inducing pulmonary vascular dysfunction and PHN. Therefore, we assessed whether melatonin, a potent antioxidant, improves pulmonary vascular function. Twelve newborn sheep were gestated, born, and raised at 3600 meters. At 3 days old, lambs were catheterized and daily cardiovascular measurements were recorded. Lambs were divided into two groups, one received daily vehicle as control and another received daily melatonin (1 mg/kg/d), for 8 days. At 11 days old, lung tissue and small pulmonary arteries (SPA) were collected. Melatonin decreased pulmonary pressure and resistance for the first 3 days of treatment. Further, melatonin significantly improved the vasodilator function of SPA, enhancing the endothelial‐ and muscular‐dependent pathways. This was associated with an enhanced nitric oxide‐dependent and nitric oxide independent vasodilator components and with increased nitric oxide bioavailability in lung tissue. Further, melatonin reduced the pulmonary oxidative stress markers and increased enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant capacity. Finally, these effects were associated with an increase of lumen diameter and a mild decrease in the wall of the pulmonary arteries. These outcomes support the use of melatonin as an adjuvant in the treatment for PHN. 相似文献
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Lucio Posteraro Fabrizio Pezzoni Emilio Varalda Gloria Fugazza Anna Mazzucchi 《Journal of neurology》1991,238(6):337-339
Summary A patient who developed a unilateral opercular syndrome following a cerebrovascular accident is described. Computed tomography showed that the lesion did not affect the opercular cortex, but involved deep white matter and the head of the caudate nucleus of the left hemisphere. Persistent hypophonia and transient aphasia were associated. Comparison with previous cases is discussed. 相似文献
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Nephrotic syndrome in a mother and her infant: relationship with cytomegalovirus infection 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Marisa Giani Alberto Edefonti Beatrice Damiani Giuseppina Marra Daniela Colombo Giovanni Banfi Emilio Rivolta Erich H. Strøm Michael Mihatsch 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》1996,10(1):73-75
This case report describes infantile nephrotic syndrome (NS) in a baby girl with a clinically severe cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. Culture of the baby's urine was positive for CMV and IgM anti-CMV antibodies were detected. After an unsuccessful course of corticosteroids, gancyclovir treatment was started and a remission of cutaneous, pulmonary, and renal symptoms was achieved. As the mother also developed NS at the end of pregnancy, a common etiology could be postulated, although there were no signs of recent CMV infection in the mother, only anti-CMV IgG. The relationship between CMV infection and glomerular disease is still unclear: NS may represent another manifestation of CMV disease. 相似文献
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Maria José GaldOn Estrella Durá Yolanda Andreu Maite Ferrando Rafael Poveda José Vicente Bagán 《Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics》2006,102(1):40-46
OBJECTIVE: This study analyzes the differences in psychological variables and symptomatology between temporomandibular disorder diagnosis subgroups. STUDY DESIGN: The sample included 114 temporomandibular disorder patients that were evaluated in coping, distress, and temporomandibular characteristics. Diagnostic muscular (n = 58) and articular (n = 56) subgroups were compared in these variables through a MANCOVA. RESULTS: Muscular patients show a higher level of general distress, specifically in the anxiety and somatization subscales and a more active coping style, with a tendency of a minor use of humor and a higher number of parafunctional habits, specifically, biting nails, hangnails, and lips. CONCLUSION: We discuss the differences found in order to design the targets of the psychological intervention of temporomandibular patients. 相似文献
8.
We compared three different microsurgical vasovasostomy techniques on the rat vas deferens using absorbable and non-absorbable sutures and a fibrin adhesive technique. The best method was an extramucosal technique over a splint using vicryl. The worst results were seen using adhesive. 相似文献
9.
Emilio Bombardieri Antonia Martinetti Rosalba Miceli Luigi Mariani Maria Rita Castellani Ettore Seregni 《European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging》1997,24(11):1349-1355
Bone scintigraphy plays a major role in the diagnosis of bone metastases. The clinical utility of new biochemical markers
of bone metabolism has recently been investigated in various bone diseases. This study evaluated the role of some bone metabolism
markers in comparison with bone scan in the follow-up of breast cancer patients. We studied 149 patients with breast cancer,
33 (22%) of whom had bone metastases. IRMAs were used for the evaluation of blood levels of osteocalcin, bone alkaline phosphatase
(BAP), the C-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen and the C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP).
Multivariate regression analysis showed that menopausal status (P=0.007) and metastatic bone lesions (P=0.001) affected bone marker levels. When considering post-menopausal women, the only subset in which bone metabolism marker
behaviour could be reliably investigated, we found a high degree of overlap in marker distribution for scan-positive and scan-negative
patients. Discrimination between scan-negative and scan-positive patients based on the above markers, taken singly or jointly,
was assessed by means of logistic discriminant analysis. The best discrimination was achieved with BAP, closely followed by
ICTP. BAP and ICTP together gave a slight improvement over the use of the two markers separately. However, even in this case
the degree of discrimination was poor and its clinical utility was limited. In fact, to achieve a specificity of 95%, the
sensitivity of the test was about 20%; conversely, with a sensitivity of 95%, the specificity was below 10%. In conclusion,
based on our findings, we believe that blood levels of the investigated markers cannot replace bone scintigraphy in the follow-up
of breast cancer patients for the early detection of bone metastases.
Received 14 April and in revised form 5 July 1997 相似文献
10.
Reductions in depressed mood and denial coping during cognitive behavioral stress management with hiv-positive gay men treated with haart 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Adam W. Carrico M.S. Michael H. Antoni Ph.D. Ron E. Durán Ph.D. Gail Ironson M.D. Ph.D. Frank Penedo Ph.D. Mary Ann Fletcher Ph.D. Nancy Klimas M.D. Neil Schneiderman Ph.D. 《Annals of behavioral medicine》2006,31(2):155-164
Background: Stress management interventions for HIV-positive persons have been designed to enhance coping skills and encourage health-promoting
behaviors with the hope of decreasing distress and slowing disease progression.Purpose: We examined the efficacy of a cognitive behavioral stress management (CBSM) intervention in combination with medication
adherence training (MAT) in 130 gay and bisexual men living with HIV infection.Methods: Participants were randomized to either a 10-week CBSM+MAT intervention (n = 76) or a MAT-only condition (n = 54). Measures
of self-reported adherence, active cognitive coping (i.e., acceptance and positive reinterpretation), avoidant coping (i.e.,
denial and behavioral disengagement), and depressed mood were examined over the 10-week intervention period.Results: Men in CBSM+MAT reported reductions in depressed mood and denial coping during the 10-week intervention period, but no changes
in active cognitive coping or self-reported adherence were observed. Using path analysis, greater reliance on denial coping
at baseline was associated with decreased depressed mood at 10 weeks. We also determined that CBSM+MAT may decrease depressed
mood by reducing reliance on denial coping over the 10-week intervention period.Conclusions: Although denial may be an effective means of distress reduction in the short term, reliance on this coping strategy may
result in a decreased capacity to effectively manage a variety of disease-related stressors in the long term. CBSM+MAT addresses
this potentially detrimental pattern by teaching stress reduction skills that may decrease depressed mood via reduced reliance
on denial coping.
This research was supported by National Institute of Mental Health Grants P01 MH49548 and T32 MH18917. 相似文献