医源性胆管狭窄X线表现

本文报道了１３例医源性胆管狭窄，分析其影像表现。特点为：环形狭窄；线样狭窄，包括规则的和不规则的线样狭窄；闭塞性狭窄；胆管闭塞和胆管中断分离。ＥＲＣＴ和ＰＣＴ对狭窄的形态，位置及长度显示优于ＣＴ和ＵＳ。     

弥漫性轴索损伤病人的护理

弥漫性轴索损伤 (DAI) ,在脑损伤中发生率高 ,病死率高 ,占脑外伤死亡病人总数的 3 5 %。全部DAI病人中植物生存率为 15 % ,重残 14 % [1] 。为了降低病死率 ,提高病人的生存质量 ,现将 1999年 1月— 2 0 0 2年 1月我院收治的 5 5例DAI昏迷病人的护理体会总结如下。1　临床资料　　本组 5 5例 ,男 3 8例 ,女 17例 ,年龄 6岁～ 68岁 ,平均 40 .9岁。格拉斯哥 (GLS)计分均 <8分 ,其中评分为 3分～ 5分的特重型病人 3 2例。致伤原因 :车祸 44例 ,高处坠落 8例 ,打击伤 3例。 5 5例病人中有 17例因合并颅内血肿而行开颅手术 ,其他病人为保…     

Tobacco smoking: a major risk factor for loss of teeth in three 70-year-old cohorts

Oral health was examined in a random sample of 1377 people in three 70-year-old cohorts studied within 5-yr intervals. During the studied period 1971-1983 the prevalence of toothlessness decreased from 52 to 34%. Toothlessness in men was more common in smokers, 48%, and ex-smokers, 32%, than in non-smokers, 20%. Eichner's index was used as a measurement of dental invalidity. This index showed a worse dental state among smokers and ex-smokers compared to non-smokers. Multivariate analyses indicated that tobacco smoking was a major independent risk factor for tooth loss in elderly men.     

自体表皮细胞培养与异体真皮组合应用研究

严重烧伤病人皮肤修复中主要未解决的问题是真皮的替代。动物实验结果表明，异体皮移植后５天，用自体培养表皮细胞膜片覆盖真皮床，１４天后复合皮成活率是８４．６％±２．４％。组织学检查证实表皮已形成了复层结构，可见基底层、颗粒层和角质层。临床应用中，异体皮移植后１０天，去除异体表皮覆盖病人的自体培养表皮，３５天后未见排斥征象，异体真皮促进了培养表皮的分层、成熟和完整，组织学检查证实表皮细胞的边缘清楚，已分化形成颗粒层和角质层，真皮多细胞，已血管化，但表皮嵴缺乏。     

Unusual Delayed Manifestation of a Penetrating Chest Trauma

Abstract Pericardial tamponade remains a diagnostic challenge to the clinician especially when the patient is well compensated hemodynamically. We report an unusual case who sought medical help 1 month after having been stabbed in his chest. An investigation revealed a perforation of the myocardium and a pericardial tamponade. The patient survived thanks to a large organized clot that plugged the perforation. The patient was exposed to increased risk due to delayed onset, recognition, and therapy of the tamponade. Most reports on this subject deal with acute pericardial tamponade. Only few cases of delayed pericardial tamponade have been reported. A review of the relevant literature and the therapeutic approaches are discussed.