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排序方式: 共有1326条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Mohammad Kogani Seyed Ahmad Almasi Alireza Ansari-Mogaddam Sahar Dalvan Hassan Okati-Aliaba Seyed Mehdi Tabatabaee Seyedeh Zeinab Almasi 《中华创伤杂志(英文版)》2020,23(6):319-323
Purpose: Traffic accidents are one of the major health problems in the world, being the first cause of burden of illness and the second leading cause of death in Iran. The Sistan-Baluchestan province is one of the most accidental provinces of Iran with the highest rate of accidents-caused deaths. This study was conducted to determine the risk factors associated with traffic accidents in Zahedan through 2013 to 2016.
Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was carried out on 223 drivers from Zahedan who were traumatized by traffic accident and sent to Zahedan hospitals. The data were obtained through interviews taken by the trained interviewers via refereeing to the medical records and collected in the researcher-made checklist. Census was obtained from the study subjects. For data analysis, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Chi-square and logistic regression were used with the Stata software version 11.0.
Results: In this study, 223 male subjects with the mean age of (32.54 ± 12.95) years, 39.8% single and 60.2% married, entered for investigation. Most accidents (38.8%) occurred between 12:00 to 17:59. While driving, 47.1% of the study subjects were using cell phones, 89.1% had manual use of mobile phones, 21.9% had a habit of sending short message service (SMS) and 23.4% had sent SMS within 10 min before the accident. The one way analysis of variance showed that the mean age of individuals with marital status, driving experience, education and accident with motorcycle were significantly different (p < 0.05). Also, the multivariate logistic regression test indicated a significant relationship of smoking, ethnicity, insurance and SMS typing while driving with motorcycle accident (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: In this study, SMS and smoking while driving had the highest risk among the variables studied in the motorcycle accidents. Therefore, effective education attempting to enhance people''s awareness about the consequences of using cell phone and smoking during driving to reduce traffic accidents seems necessary. 相似文献
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Gamma irradiation alters bluetongue virus protein antigen. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Bluetongue virus (BTV) antigen, prepared for a monoclonal antibody (MAb)-based competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (C-ELISA), was exposed to 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 Mrad of gamma irradiation. The major group-specific BTV protein (VP7) reactive with the Mab was altered at higher doses of radiation, as revealed by immunoblotting studies. As well, a reduction in immunoreactivity was noted when irradiated antigen was used in the ELISA. 相似文献
4.
Consensus sequence-based scheme for epidemiological typing of clinical and environmental isolates of Legionella pneumophila 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10 下载免费PDF全文
Gaia V Fry NK Afshar B Lück PC Meugnier H Etienne J Peduzzi R Harrison TG 《Journal of clinical microbiology》2005,43(5):2047-2052
A previously described sequence-based epidemiological typing method for clinical and environmental isolates of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 was extended by the investigation of three additional gene targets and modification of one of the previous targets. Excellent typeability, reproducibility, and epidemiological concordance were determined for isolates belonging to both serogroup 1 and the other serogroups investigated. Gene fragments were amplified from genomic DNA, and PCR amplicons were sequenced by using forward and reverse primers. Consensus sequences are entered into an online database, which allows the assignment of individual allele numbers. The resulting sequence-based type or allelic profile comprises a string of the individual allele numbers separated by commas, e.g., 1,4,3,1,1,1, in a predetermined order, i.e., flaA, pilE, asd, mip, mompS, and proA. The index of discrimination (D) obtained with these six loci was calculated following analysis of a panel of 79 unrelated clinical isolates. A D value of > 0.94 was obtained, and this value appears to be sufficient for use in the epidemiological investigation of outbreaks caused by L. pneumophila. The D value rose to 0.98 when the results of the analysis were combined with those of monoclonal antibody subgrouping. Sequence-based typing of L. pneumophila is epidemiologically concordant and discriminatory, and the data are easily transportable. This consensus method will assist in the epidemiological investigation of L. pneumophila infections, especially travel-associated cases, by which it will allow a rapid comparison of isolates obtained in more than one country. 相似文献
5.
Julie Seguier Véronique Gelsi-Boyer Mikael Ebbo Zeinab Hamidou Aude Charbonnier Emmanuelle Bernit Jean-Marc Durand Jean-Robert Harlé Norbert Vey Nicolas Schleinitz 《Autoimmunity reviews》2019,18(1):36-42
Background
We conducted a monocentric retrospective study of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and autoimmune or inflammatory disorders (AIMs) and a literature review. We analyzed the association with subgroups of the WHO 2016 MDS classification and patient's survival in a case control study. Risk factors associated with survival were analyzed by uni- and multivariate analysis.Results
From all MDS patients 11% presented with AIMs. These were heterogeneous and the most frequent where polyarthritis (25%) and autoimmune cytopenias (17%). No difference for frequency and type of AIMs was observed for the WHO 2016 MDS subgroups (p?=?.3). In the case control study WHO classification, karyotype abnormalities, IPSS-R and IPSS were similar in both groups. The overall survival from MDS diagnosis was better in the group with AIMs [10.3?±?0.6 (IC95% 6.2–12.9) versus 4.8?±?1.1?years (IC95% 4.2–8.7), p?=?.04]. The better survival was restricted to MDS with low or intermediate-1 IPSS [11.1?±?1.5 (IC95% 9.9-NR) versus 8.7?±?1.3?years (IC95% 4.8–10.3), p?=?.006]. The better survival was only observed when AIMs diagnosis was timely associated or appeared after MDS diagnosis (p?=?.04). Factors associated with a better overall survival and survival without AML were steroid dependence [respectively HR?=?0.042, p?=?.003, (IC95% 0.005–0.33) and HR?=?0.07, p?=?.002, (IC95% 0.013–0.39)], a diagnosis of AIMs and MDS timely associated [respectively HR?=?0.05, p?=?.009, (IC95% 0.006–0.478) and HR?=?0.1, p?=?.008, (IC95% 0.018–0.54)] or a diagnosis of AIMs after MDS [respectively HR?=?0.024, p?=?.009, (IC95% 0.001–0.39) and HR?=?0.04, p?=?.008, (IC95% 0.003–0.43)].Conclusion
Autoimmune and inflammatory diseases associated to MDS are heterogeneous. AIMs diagnosed after or concomitantly to MDS seems associated with a better survival. Prospective studies are necessary to demonstrate that autoimmunity is associated to a better control of the MDS clone. 相似文献6.
Anionic block copolymerization of styrene and divinylbenzene is known to lead to the formation of star-shaped macromolecules. This “arm-first” method has been widely used and studied. The present paper is devoted to two special aspects of this method: The first is concerned with the efficiency of the protection exerted by the arms on the crosslinked core, preventing gelation of the reaction medium. A number of “porcupine” polymers involving bulky cores, fitted with a large number of arms, were synthesized and characterized. The second deals with the possibility of using the “living” carbanionic sites present in the cores, either for purpose of functionalization, or to grow new branches from the core. The presence of remaining unsaturations in the core was evidenced. This is a drawback, since the possibility for “transverse” bonds to be formed results in couplings, inducing gelation. 相似文献
7.
Bahar Ashjaei Afshar Ghamari Khameneh Neda Pak Gisoo Darban Hosseini Amirkhiz Alipasha Meysamie Moeinadin Safavi Sanam Darban Hosseini Amirkhiz Parin Tanzifi 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2021,56(5):975-978
PurposeTo identify influence of different values of age and abnormal bowel length in HD patients selected for single stage TERPT which affects the technique of surgery.MethodsThis observational study was carried out for over 2.5 years. All children younger than 14 years old with clinical suspicion for HD, typical transitional zone (TZ) on contrast enema (CE) distal to splenic flexure, preoperative diagnosis approved by full thickness biopsy, no previous surgical history and no urgency were included. The distance between the anus and TZ was considered as aganglionic length on CE. Biopsy was taken from distal to proximal of resected bowel to reach circumferentially normal innervated bowel. Paired sample Student's t-test, Pearson correlation test, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were performed.ResultsForty-eight patients were enrolled in this study. Measured mean for aganglionic bowel length on CE and pathology were 33.5 ± 17.1 cm and 56.8 ± 33.5 cm, respectively (p < 0.01). Correlation coefficient (R) and coefficient of determination (R2) were 0.632 and 40%, respectively (p < 0.01). The difference between radiologic and pathologic measurements in females was higher than males (mean: 29.3 vs 21.9 cm) but was not statistically significant (p = 0.75). There was statistically significant difference between CE and pathologic results in the infants younger than 10 months (p = .004). Abnormal bowel length equal to 52 cm predicted requirement of laparoscopy assistance/laparotomy with 75% sensitivity and 85% specificity.ConclusionOur investigation showed it is safe to attempt for single stage TERPT when aganglionic length on CE is less than 52 cm and the child with HD is older than 10 months. Chance of requiring additional laparotomy or laparoscopy assistance is low in these patients.Type of studyStudy of diagnostic test.Level of evidenceLevel II. 相似文献
8.
Sujay Kulshrestha Corinne Bunn Richard Gonzalez Majid Afshar Fred A. Luchette Marshall S. Baker 《Surgery》2021,169(3):636-643
BackgroundFew studies evaluate the impact of unhealthy alcohol and drug use on the risk and severity of postoperative outcomes after upper gastrointestinal and pancreatic oncologic resections.MethodsThe National Inpatient Sample was queried to identify patients undergoing total gastrectomy, esophagectomy, total pancreatectomy, and pancreaticoduodenectomy between 2012 and 2015. Unhealthy alcohol and drug use was assessed by the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, and National Inpatient Sample coder designation. Multivariable regression was used to identify associations between alcohol and drug use and postoperative complication, duration of stay, hospital cost, and mortality.ResultsIn the study, 59,490 patients met inclusion criteria; 2,060 (3.5%) had unhealthy alcohol use; 1,265 (2.1%) had unhealthy drug use. Postoperative complication rates were higher in patients with alcohol and drug use than in abstainers (67.5% vs 62.8% vs 57.2%; P < .01). On multivariable regression, alcohol use was independently associated with increased risk of a nonwithdrawal complication (odds ratio 1.33 [1.05, 1.68]), and alcohol and drug use were independently associated with increased length of stay (1.54 [0.12, 2.96]) and 2.22 [0.90, 3.55] days) and cost ($5,471 [$60, $10,881] and $4,022 [$402, $7,643]), but not mortality.ConclusionUnhealthy substance use is associated with increased rates of postoperative complications, prolonged length of stay, and costs in patients undergoing major upper gastrointestinal and pancreatic oncologic resections. Screening and abstinence interventions should be incorporated into the preoperative care pathways for these patients. 相似文献
9.
OBJECT: The authors describe a computer-resident digital representation of a stereotactic atlas of the human brainstem, its semiautomated registration to sagittal fast low-angle shot three-dimensional (3-D) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging data sets in 27 healthy volunteers and 24 neurosurgical patients, and an analysis of the subsequent transforms needed to refine the initial registration. METHODS: Contour drawings from the atlas, which offer the 70th percentile of variation of anatomical structures, were interpolated into an isotropic 3-D representation. Initial atlas-to-patient registration was based on the fastigium/ventricular floor plane reference system. The quality of the fit was evaluated using superimposition of the atlas and MR images. If necessary, the atlas was tailored to the individual anatomy by using additional transforms. On average, the atlas had to be stretched by 2 to 6% in the three directions of space. Scale factors varied over a broad range from -8 to +19% and the benefit of visual interactive control of the atlas-to-patient registration was evident. Analysis of distances within the pons measured in the midsagittal MR imaging slices and the required scale factors revealed significant correlations that may be used to reduce the amount of user interaction in the coregistration substantially. In 70.6% of the cases, the atlas had to be shifted in a cranial direction along the brainstem axis (in 25.5% of cases 3-4 mm, in 45.1% of cases 1-2 mm). This was due to a more caudal position of the fastigium cerebelli on the MR images compared with the atlas. CONCLUSIONS: This observation, in conjunction with the variability of the height of the fourth ventricle in our MR imaging data (range 6.1-15.2 mm, mean 10.1 mm, standard deviation 1.8 mm) calls into question the role of the fastigium cerebelli as an anatomical landmark for localization within the brainstem. 相似文献
10.
Muhammad Kashif Ashfaq Ahmad Muhammad Ali Mohseni Bandpei Maryam Farooq Humaira Iram Rida e Fatima 《Medicine》2022,101(31)
Background:Virtual reality (VR) is an advanced technique used in physical rehabilitation of neurological disorders, however the effects of VR on balance, gait, and motor function in people with Parkinson’s (PD) are still debated. Therefore, the systematic review aimed to determine the role of VR on motor function, balance and gait in PD patients.Methods:A comprehensive search to identify similar randomised controlled trials was conducted targeting 5 databases including Web of Science, PubMed, CINHAL, Cochrane Library, and Physiotherapy Evidence Database. A total of 25 studies were found eligible for this systematic review, and the methodological assessment of the quality rating of the studies was accomplished using the physiotherapy evidence database scale by 2 authors.Results:Out of the 25 included studies, 14 studies reported on balance as the primary outcome, 9 studies were conducted to assess motor function, and 12 assessed gait as the primary outcome. Most studies used the Unified Parkinson disease rating scale UPDRS (part-III) for evaluating motor function and the Berg Balance Scale as primary outcome measure for assessing balance. A total of 24 trials were conducted in clinical settings, and only 1 study was home-based VR trainings. Out of 9 studies on motor function, 6 reported equal improvement of motor function as compared to other groups. In addition, VR groups also revealed superior results in improving static balance among patient with PD.Conclusion:This systemic review found that the use of VR resulted in substantial improvements in balance, gait, and motor skills in patients with PD when compared to traditional physical therapy exercises or in combination with treatments other than physical therapy. Moreover, VR can be used as a supportive method for physical rehabilitation in patients of PD. However, the majority of published studies were of fair and good quality, suggesting a demand for high quality research in this area. 相似文献