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1.
Dongbing Lai Emma C. Johnson Sarah Colbert Gayathri Pandey Grace Chan Lance Bauer Meredith W. Francis Victor Hesselbrock Chella Kamarajan John Kramer Weipeng Kuang Sally Kuo Samuel Kuperman Yunlong Liu Vivia McCutcheon Zhiping Pang Martin H. Plawecki Marc Schuckit Jay Tischfield Leah Wetherill Yong Zang Howard J. Edenberg Bernice Porjesz Arpana Agrawal Tatiana Foroud 《Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research》2022,46(3):374-383
2.
Harit Kapoor Kush Raj Lohani Tommy H. Lee Devendra K. Agrawal Sumeet K. Mittal 《CTS Clinical and Translational Science》2015,8(6):841-847
Esophageal adenocarcinoma is the fastest rising cancer in the United States. It develops from long‐standing gastroesophageal reflux disease which affects >20% of the general population. It carries a very poor prognosis with 5‐year survival <20%. The disease is known to sequentially progress from reflux esophagitis to a metaplastic precursor, Barrett''s esophagus and then onto dysplasia and esophageal adenocarcinoma. However, only few patients with reflux develop Barrett''s esophagus and only a minority of these turn malignant. The reason for this heterogeneity in clinical progression is unknown. To improve patient management, molecular changes which facilitate disease progression must be identified. Animal models can provide a comprehensive functional and anatomic platform for such a study. Rats and mice have been the most widely studied but disease homology with humans has been questioned. No animal model naturally simulates the inflammation to adenocarcinoma progression as in humans, with all models requiring surgical bypass or destruction of existing antireflux mechanisms. Valuable properties of individual models could be utilized to holistically evaluate disease progression. In this review paper, we critically examined the current animal models of Barrett''s esophagus, their differences and homologies with human disease and how they have shaped our current understanding of Barrett''s carcinogenesis. 相似文献
3.
Aditya Kelkar Caroll Webers Rohit Shetty Jai Kelkar Nikhil Labhsetwar Abhishek Pandit Madhulika Malode Sayali Tidke 《Indian journal of ophthalmology》2020,68(10):2143
Purpose:To evaluate the rate of compliance and the reasons for loss to follow-up in Indian patients with diabetic macular edema (DME), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and retinal vein occlusion (RVO) being treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy.Methods:This was a retrospective single-center study. Patients with DME, AMD, or RVO were eligible if they initiated anti-VEGF therapy between January 2013 and December 2017. Patients'' data were obtained from hospital electronic records, including the number of injections received, visits, details of follow-up, missed appointments, and reasons for loss to follow-up (>365 days).Results:A total of 648 patients were eligible for the study, of which 334 (51.54%) patients were lost to follow-up. Overall, 343 (64.96%) were males and the overall mean (SD) age was 66.40 (7.44) years. A total of 376 (58.0%) patients had a history of diabetes and 364 (56.2%) patients had a history of hypertension. Further, 127 (38.0), 112 (33.5), and 95 (28.4) had DME, AMD, and RVO, respectively and were lost to follow-up. The most commonly reported reason for loss to follow-up was “non-affordability” (n = 120; 41.1%) followed by “no improvement in vision” (n = 83; 28.4%). “No improvement in vision” (42.2%) and “non-affordability” (37.5%) were higher among patients with DME. No association was found in gender- and treatment-wise distribution of reasons for loss to follow-up.Conclusion:The results showed that around half of the patients with DME, AMD, and RVO were lost to follow-up to intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy, and the most common factors were “non-affordability” and “no improvement in vision.” 相似文献
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Ashutosh Singh M.Ch. Vidyut Kumar Sinha M.Ch. Jayant Khandekar M.Ch. Nandkishor Agrawal M.Ch. Anil Patwardhan M.Ch. Dr. Jagdish Kharideparkar M.Ch. 《Indian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery》2006,22(2):121-125
Objective The degree of Left Ventricular Mass Index (LVMI) regression following aortic valve replacement correlates with long-term survival.
This study aims to assess the extent of LVMI regression at 3 months following aortic valve replacement (AVR) with different
types and sizes of mechanical valves in rheumatic aortic valve disease.
Methods The LVMI regression was studied in 34 consecutive patients, undergoing elective AVR for rheumatic aortic stenosis and/or regurgitation.
They were grouped in A and B, matched in age, body surface area and pre-operative LVMI, receiving respectively a tilting disc
and a bileaflet mechanical valve. The LVMI was calculated by M-mode echocardiography using the Devereux' formula pre-operatively
and three months post-operatively. The trend of LVMI reduction was compared between the two groups and amongst the patients
with stenotic, regurgitant and mixed aortic valve, pathologies; and receiving different sizes of valves.
Results The mean preoperative LVMI was 199g±79.5 g/m2. At three months post aortic valve replacement, the mean LVMI was 130g±49.0 g/m2. There was a significant reduction of LVMI post-operatively (p=0.001) at three months follow-up. The extent of LVMI regression
following surgery amongst the groups A and B did not vary significantly (p=0.92). The extent of LVMI regression did not vary
significantly in patients with different aortic valve pathology nor with different sizes of the valves implanted.
Conclusions There is a significant early LVMI regression following aortic valve replacement in rheumatic aortic valve disease. The type
and the size of the mechanical prosthesis or the rheumatic pathology do not appear to influence this regression. 相似文献
7.
BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Multiple lytic lesions of the spine usually represent metastatic or infectious disease processes. PURPOSE: To describe an extremely rare presentation of an uncommon disease process. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: Case report/university hospital. METHODS: We describe the management of a patient who presented with a pathological fracture of C3 and multiple lytic lesions of the cervical spine. RESULTS: After reconstructive surgery, the final pathological diagnosis was fibrous dysplasia. CONCLUSION: Fibrous dysplasia is rarely seen in the cervical spine and may mimic other pathological processes. The surgical and medical management of spinal fibrous dysplasia is described. 相似文献
8.
Alok D. Gandhi Rohit A. Patel Robert E. Brolin 《Surgery for obesity and related diseases》2009,5(2):144-149
BackgroundMesenteric internal hernia (MIH) is the most common cause of small bowel obstruction (SBO) after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Because MIH is a potentially life-threatening complication, we hypothesized that elective repair of MIH before developing acute SBO could decrease morbidity in this population.MethodsThe records of 702 consecutive patients undergoing primary laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass from January 2002 and August 2007 were retrospectively reviewed to determine the incidence and etiology of SBO. During the last 9 months of the study, we offered elective laparoscopy to any patient who presented to us with symptoms of intermittent SBO.ResultsOf the 702 patients, 27 (3.8%) developed acute SBO. Of these 27 patients, 15 (55%) had obstruction related to an MIH. Nearly all patients had a typical history of intermittent abdominal pain, nausea, and bloating before developing acute SBO. Elective laparoscopy was offered to 11 patients with symptoms of intermittent SBO. Two patients who refused subsequently underwent operations for acute SBO. MIH was found at elective laparoscopic exploration in all cases. Of the 9 patients undergoing elective surgery, 3 (33%) had small bowel volvulus.ConclusionSBO due to MIH after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is typically preceded by symptoms of intermittent obstruction. Patients who have these herald symptoms should promptly be offered elective laparoscopic exploration. Elective repair of MIH can be performed safely and expeditiously. 相似文献
9.
Akshay Pratap Devendra Kumar Gupta Chandra Shekhar Agrawal Rakesh Kumar Pandit Shailesh Adhikary Anand Kumar Awadhesh Tiwari Satyendra Narayan Singh 《International journal of urology》2007,14(3):198-202
OBJECTIVES: We analyzed the methods and outcomes of urethroplasty in men with complex urethral disruptions. METHODS: The medical records of 40 men with complex urethral disruptions were analyzed. Surgical methods were individualized according to stricture location, severity and length of the stricture, bladder neck characteristics and presence of complicating factors. Patients were divided into four groups based on the above characteristics. RESULTS: End-to-end urethroplasty performed in six patients with short bulbar strictures (<3 cm) was successful in all. Elaborated perineal repair was performed in 10 patients with intermediate (3-6 cm) strictures with or without complicating factors. Elaborated perineal repair with urethral substitution was performed in nine patients with long segment stricture (>6 cm). Abdominal transpubic repair was successfully applied to patients with rectourethral fistula or lacerated bladder neck. Success rate of anastomotic urethroplasty was 95% while over all success rate was 85%. CONCLUSION: Guidelines for urethral reconstruction of complex urethral disruptions are predicated on stricture length, location, bladder neck characteristics and associated complicating factors. End-to-end urethroplasty with stricture excision is highly reliable for short strictures for which previous operative repair have failed. Elaborated perineal repair is extremely versatile for intermediate and longer strictures with associated complicating factors. Abdominal transpubic urethroplasty is effective for patients with rectourethral fistula or lacerated bladder neck. 相似文献
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