AMPK在妊娠期糖尿病发病机制中的作用

腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶是一种重要的蛋白激酶,主要作用是协调代谢和能量平衡.腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶被激活后,在增加骨骼肌对葡萄糖摄取、增强胰岛素敏感性、增加脂肪酸氧化以及调节基因转录等方面发挥重要作用.已经证实脂联素有调节糖脂代谢的作用,但其作用机制尚不十分清楚,很可能是通过腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶介导,对脂联素信号转导通路的研究将成为进一步理解脂联素作用的关键所在.而脂联素又是妊娠期糖尿病的预测因子,所以腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶逐渐成为对妊娠期糖尿病研究中的焦点.     

Serotonin (5-HT) release in the dorsal raphé and ventral hippocampus: Raphé control of somatodendritic and terminal 5-HT release

Summary Somatodendritic and terminal release of serotonin (5-HT) was investigated by simultaneously measuring extracellular concentrations of 5-HT, 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5-HIAA) and homovanillic acid (HVA) in the dorsal raphé and ventral hippocampus in freely moving rats. Perfusion of tetrodotoxin (TTX, 1M and 10M) into the dorsal raphé simultaneously decreased dorsal raphé and hippocampal 5-HT release. However, following TTX perfusion into the hippocampus (10M), hippocampal 5-HT release was profoundly reduced but dorsal raphé 5-HT remained unchanged.Systemic injections with the 5-HT_1a agonist, buspirone (1.0–5.0mg/kg, i.p.) decreased 5-HT and 5-HIAA and increased HVA concentrations in the dorsal raphé and in the hippocampus. The decreases in raphé and hippocampal 5-HT induced by systemic buspirone were antagonized in rats pretreated with 1.OmM (–) pindolol, locally perfused into the dorsal raphé. Local dorsal raphé perfusion of (–) pindolol alone (0.01–1.0mM) increased dorsal raphé 5-HT and concomitantly induced a small increase in hippocampal 5-HT. Buspirone perfusion into the dorsal raphé did not change (10 nM, 100nM), or produced a small increase (1.0mM) in raphé 5-HT, without changing hippocampal 5-HT.These data provide evidence that 5-HT release in the dorsal raphé is dependent on the opening of fast activated sodium channels and that dorsal raphé 5-HT_1a receptors control somatodendritic and hippocampal 5-HT release.     

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome and virilizing cortical adrenal tumor in a child

The authors report a case of a virilizing adrenal tumor that developed in a 2-year-old child with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS). He had a fetal diagnosis of omphalocele and a history of neonatal adrenal cysts. The importance of prenatal diagnosis of BWS and postnatal follow-up of tumors is discussed. The differential diagnosis of adrenal pathologies occurring in BWS also is reviewed.     

Desempenho Diagnóstico da Angiotomografia Computadorizada e da Avaliação Seriada de Troponina Cardíaca Sensível em Pacientes com Dor Torácica e Risco Intermediário para Eventos Cardiovasculares

BackgroundCoronary tomography angiography (CTA) has been mainly used for chest pain evaluation in low-risk patients, and few data exist regarding patients at intermediate risk.ObjectiveTo evaluate the performance of serial measures of sensitive troponin and CTA in intermediate-risk patients.MethodsA total of 100 patients with chest pain, TIMI risk scores of 3 or 4, and negative troponin were prospectively included. All patients underwent CTA and those with coronary stenosis ≥ 50% were referred to invasive coronary angiography. Patients with coronary lesions <50% were discharged and contacted 30 days later by a telephone call to assess clinical outcomes. Outcomes were hospitalization, death, and myocardial infarction at 30 days. The comparison between methods was performed by Kappa agreement test. The performance of troponin measures and CTA for detecting significant coronary lesions and clinical outcomes was calculated. Results were considered statistically significant when p < 0.05.ResultsCoronary stenosis ≥ 50% on CTA was found in 38% of patients and significant coronary lesions on coronary angiography were found in 31 patients. Two clinical events were observed. Kappa agreement analysis showed low agreement between troponin measures and CTA in the detection of significant coronary lesions (kappa = 0.022, p = 0.78). The performance of CTA for detecting significant coronary lesions on coronary angiography or for predicting clinical events at 30 days was better than sensitive troponin measures (accuracy of 91% versus 60%).ConclusionCTA performed better than sensitive troponin measures in the detection of significant coronary disease in patients with chest pain and intermediate risk for cardiovascular events.     

黄热病毒特异性抗原片段的筛选与鉴定

目的通过系统的生物信息学分析和实验验证,筛选黄热病毒的特异抗原片段,为免疫诊断试剂的研制奠定基础。方法分别利用DNAStar及ANTHEPROT软件对黄热病毒蛋白进行分析,参考亲水性、抗原性、可塑性、表面可及性及二级结构信息,对黄热病毒可能的共有及特异性抗原表位进行系统的预测分析,分析其在不同毒株中的保守性,并对预测得分值较高的抗原区域进行RT-PCR扩增,利用pMal-c2x原核表达系统进行原核表达,Western blot验证其免疫学反应原性,检测阳性抗原片段经亲和纯化后,包被ELISA微孔板,进一步验证其免疫学反应特异性及检测敏感性。结果其中27段抗原片段获高效表达,经Western blot筛选及ELISA进一步验证,原核表达抗原片段YFV22表现良好特异抗,可检测低至1∶12 800倍稀释的黄热病毒多克隆抗体,与所试其他参考病毒多克隆抗体无交叉反应。结论经系统筛选、验证,获黄热病毒特异性抗原片段1段,为其免疫学诊断试剂的研制奠定了基础。     

高效液相色谱法测定四川粉葛中葛根素的含量

目的：采用HPLC法测定四川粉葛中葛根素的含量。方法：色谱柱为依利特C18柱（4．6min&;#215;150mm,5μm）,流动相为甲醇-水（25：75）,流速为0．8ml／min,检测波长为250nm,柱温为25℃。结果：葛根素在0．0880～0．7040μg范围内峰面积与进样量呈良好的线性关系,回归方程为A=336．35X-1．7716,r=1．0000,其平均同收率为100．01％,RSD为0．14％（n=6）。结论：该方法简便易行,结果准确,可用于四川粉葛药材的质量控制。     

术前血糖水平对糖尿病患者行输尿管软镜碎石术后发生感染相关并发症的影响

观察2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者行输尿管软镜碎石术（FURL）后出现感染相关并发症的影响因素,探讨T2DM患者术前血糖水平与发生术后感染相关并发症的关系,为T2DM患者在接受FULR术后发生感染相关并发症的早期预防及治疗提供参考。     

A regional model (Northeastern Brazil) of induced mal-nutrition delays ontogeny of reflexes and locomotor activity in rats

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of malnutrition, induced by a regional basic diet (RBD), on motor development. RBD is a 7.87%-protein diet based on aliments typical of Northeastern Brazil, elaborated after nutritional investigation by Teodosio et al. (1979). Female rats were treated with RBD during lactation. The reflex ontogenesis and the development of locomotor activity in their offspring were assessed. Malnourished (MN) rats showed a delay in reflex maturation and in locomotor activity evolution. The decreased locomotor activity may be related to the reduced movement experiences induced by the delay in the reflex maturation. Occurring during the critical period of brain development, this fact could jeopardize all the steps in future locomotion evolution. The present results confirm deleterious effects of RDB-induced malnutrition on the somatic development and maturation of the nervous system (NS).