全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2645篇 |
免费 | 95篇 |
国内免费 | 29篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 46篇 |
儿科学 | 128篇 |
妇产科学 | 189篇 |
基础医学 | 207篇 |
口腔科学 | 99篇 |
临床医学 | 241篇 |
内科学 | 702篇 |
皮肤病学 | 25篇 |
神经病学 | 109篇 |
特种医学 | 197篇 |
外科学 | 434篇 |
综合类 | 89篇 |
预防医学 | 68篇 |
眼科学 | 64篇 |
药学 | 87篇 |
中国医学 | 4篇 |
肿瘤学 | 80篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 10篇 |
2022年 | 21篇 |
2021年 | 35篇 |
2020年 | 27篇 |
2019年 | 38篇 |
2018年 | 53篇 |
2017年 | 44篇 |
2016年 | 75篇 |
2015年 | 81篇 |
2014年 | 95篇 |
2013年 | 144篇 |
2012年 | 199篇 |
2011年 | 187篇 |
2010年 | 111篇 |
2009年 | 120篇 |
2008年 | 157篇 |
2007年 | 175篇 |
2006年 | 154篇 |
2005年 | 160篇 |
2004年 | 137篇 |
2003年 | 114篇 |
2002年 | 83篇 |
2001年 | 67篇 |
2000年 | 46篇 |
1999年 | 52篇 |
1998年 | 31篇 |
1997年 | 46篇 |
1996年 | 49篇 |
1995年 | 25篇 |
1994年 | 26篇 |
1993年 | 27篇 |
1992年 | 10篇 |
1991年 | 7篇 |
1990年 | 7篇 |
1989年 | 21篇 |
1988年 | 19篇 |
1987年 | 14篇 |
1986年 | 23篇 |
1985年 | 7篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1983年 | 8篇 |
1982年 | 11篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 8篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 8篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 11篇 |
1975年 | 6篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有2769条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
Bilge Türk Bilen Hidir Kilin? Nezih Alaybeyoglu Mehmet Celik Mustafa Iraz Nurzen Sezgin Ahmet Gültek 《Nordisk plastikkirurgisk forening [and] Nordisk klubb for handkirurgi》2006,40(2):73-78
Oxygen-derived free radicals have been implicated in the pathogenesis of tissue injury after ischaemia-reperfusion. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), an active ingredient of honeybee propolis, has been identified as having potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We evaluated the ability of CAPE applied intraperitoneally in reducing tissue injury after ischaemia-reperfusion. To investigate whether treatment with CAPE modifies the concentrations of the endogenous indices of oxidant stress, we examined its effects on a model of flap ischaemia-reperfusion injury in rats. CAPE (10 micromol/kg) was given through the peritoneum before reperfusion. CAPE given intraperitoneally had an inhibitory effect on tissue injury after ischaemia-reperfusion comparable to that of a control group. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of CAPE may contribute to its suppression of tissue injury. 相似文献
5.
6.
Prophylactic antibiotic use in childhood burns is controversial. The efficiency of antibiotic prophylaxis in 77 pediatric burn patients was evaluated. Forty-seven patients received prophylactic antibiotics (Group AP), while 30 patients received no prophylaxis (Group NP). Age, wound depth, day of admission, mechanism of burn injury, type of dressings were similar for both groups (p > 0.05). Wound infection rates were 21.3 % in Group AP and 16.7 % in Group NP (p > 0.05). S. aureus, Enterobacter spp., P. aeruginosa, and E. coli were the most common microorganisms. Patients with wound colonization and infection had a larger burned total body surface area (BTBSA) in both groups (p < 0.01). Eight patients had clinical sepsis. All but one of the septic patients were from Group AP. Associated infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract (16), urinary tract (7), and otitis media (2) were more common in Group AP. One patient died from sepsis in Group AP. Hospital stays were longer in Group AP (21.7 +/- 16.4 vs. 13.5 +/- 10 days; p < 0.05). Antibiotic prophylaxis in childhood burns does not reduce the rate of wound infection. Age, wound depth and BTBSA are not critical variables for prophylaxis. Reinforcing the use of culture-specific antibiotics for more beneficial and cost-effective results in the treatment of childhood burns is recommended. 相似文献
7.
L Abbaso?lu F Gün F T Salman A Celik A Unüvar O G?rgün 《Zeitschrift für Kinderchirurgie》2003,13(4):236-239
The role of surgery in intraabdominal Burkitt's lymphoma remains controversial and different opinions are present in the literature. In our institution, forty patients (30 boys and 10 girls) with intraabdominal Burkitt's lymphoma with ages ranging from 3 to 12 years have been treated and followed from 1989 through 2000. In ten cases, the patients underwent surgery because of their acute abdominal diseases (intestinal obstruction in 5, intussusception in 3, intestinal perforation in one, and acute appendicitis in one). The remaining thirty patients were referred to our clinic because of their abdominal masses, pain, anorexia and fatigue. Twelve children had localized tumors and total resection could be performed. There was one death in this group due to central nervous system involvement during chemotherapy. In the remaining 28 children, extensive intraabdominal diseases were detected. In four of them, debulking procedures were performed, while in 24 children only biopsies could be made; 8 of them underwent a second-look operation. In the debulking procedures group, two children were lost (50 %) due to tumorlysis and acute renal failure. In the biopsy group, there were six deaths (25 %). All patients received chemotherapy after operative recovery. In conclusion, our results suggest that when the tumor is localized, total resection results in a good outcome. However, in the presence of extensive intraabdominal diseases instead of resection, the operation should be limited to biopsy only. 相似文献
8.
Onder Güney Jale Bengi Celik Mehmet Arazi Mehmet Erkan Ustun 《Journal of clinical neuroscience》2004,11(5):517-520
This study aims to evaluate the effects of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) after spinal cord trauma (SCT). Twenty rabbits were divided equally into four groups: group I was the sham-operated group, group II suffered from SCT but received no treatment, group III was given a dose of 400 mg/kg of GHB intravenously before SCT and group IV received the same dose after SCT. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were obtained 30 min before SCT (T(0)), at 60 (T(1)) and 120 min (T(2)) after SCT. There was a threefold increase in lactate levels from baseline value at T(2) in group II, while statistically significant elevation of the lactate levels were not observed in groups III and IV. Glucose levels at T(1) and T(2) were significantly lower in groups III and IV compared with the control group. The findings of this study demonstrate that GHB can control the increase of CSF lactate and glucose levels following SCT and that this metabolic effect may be associated with neuroprotective physiological changes. 相似文献
9.
Variability of skin temperature in the waking monkey 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
10.
Celik I. Stinner B. Thiel T. Bauhofer A. Rothmund M. Dietz W. 《Inflammation research》2004,53(2):S116-S121
Objective:Antibiotic prophylaxis is used in many surgical procedures but there are frequent cardiovascular instabilities following antibiotics in perioperative period. A clinic modelling randomised trial (CMRT) in pigs was developed to compare the effects of 2 commonly used antibiotic combinations on cardiovascular stability during major surgery. Materials and methods:Thirty pigs (both sexes) were randomised into 3 groups, receiving either saline (placebo), co-amoxiclav or cefuroxime/metronidazole in clinically relevant doses as antibiotic prophylaxis. A laparotomy was performed and the abdomen remained open. Surgical complications were simulated by removing one third of the blood volume. For fluid resuscitation, 500 ml hetastarch (HAESTM) were infused rapidly (therapy of complication) and polymyxin B (15 mg/kg bodyweight) was applied for induction of histamine release reactions (complication of therapy). The main end points were histamine release reactions, these were classified by 2 blinded investigators. Results:Neither cardiovascular changes nor histamine release reactions were detected immediately after the administration of antibiotics or placebo alone. Plasma histamine concentrations increased after bleeding in the co-amoxiclav group (p < 0.05). After fluid resuscitation and induction of anaphylactoid reactions, the median histamine release and cardiovascular changes were not significantly different between the groups. However, the incidence of typical histamine release related reactions differed significantly between the groups: 8/10 for the controls, 6/10 in the co-amoxiclav and 2/10 in the cefuroxime/metronidazole group (p < 0.05). Conclusions:The stability and reproducibility of this model clearly demonstrated the concept of a ‘clinic modelling randomised trial’ as a useful tool. Antibiotic prophylaxis influences the organism’s capability to cope with intraoperative bleeding and fluid resuscitation problems. Indeed antibiotic prophylaxis may be beneficial. These effects of antibiotics could only be demonstrated in complex surgical models. Thus new antibiotics should be investigated in complex animal models prior to prospective randomised clinical trials or usage in clinical practice. 相似文献