内蒙古呼伦贝尔地区成人慢性肾脏病流行病学调查

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the general adult population in the Hulunbeir Prefecture, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region where many minorities of north China live. Methods Sampling surveywas performed in the residents aged 20 years and older in the Hulunbeir Prefecture. All the investigated subjects were tested for urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR); hematuria by microscopy of urinary sediment; and GFR estimated by modified MDRD equation for Chinese adults (eGFR). The related risk factors of CKD were also investigated. Results A total of 4522 subjects were enrolled in the study. The prevalence of albuminuria was 7.11％, hematuria was 2.64％ and reduced eGFR [60 ml-min-1·(1.73 m2)-1] was 2.75％. The prevalence of hypertension was 38.90％; hyperglycemia 6.61％; hyperlipidemia 2.72％; increased waist 24.79％ and metabolic syndrome 15.02％. After the subjects with combined microalbuminuria, hematuria and reduced eGFR were excluded, the prevalence of CKD was 12.95％. Logistic regression analysis and stratified analysis showed increased age, increased waist, elevated systolic pressure, hyperglycemia,hypertriglyceridemia and metabolic syndrome were independently associated with albuminuria;increased age, elevated systolic pressure and hyperglycemia were independently associated with reduced eGFR; increased age was independently associated with hematuria. Conclusions The prevalence of adult CKD is 12.95％ in the Hulunbeir Prefecture, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Independent risk factors of CKD include increased age, increased waist, hypertension,abnormal blood glucose or lipid, and metabolic syndrome.     

人毛乳头细胞条件培养液治疗斑秃的临床观察

目的：人毛乳头细胞条件培养液治疗斑秃患者的临床观察。方法：用人毛乳头细胞条件培养液治疗100例斑秃患者，并分别选择其中53例和30例作去炎松组和空白组自身对照。结果：人毛乳头细胞条件培养液组、去炎松组和空白组治愈率分别为75％、51％、10％，有效率分别为97％、72％、30％，人毛乳头细胞条件培养液组其治愈率和有效率均明显高于去炎松组和空白组（P〈0．05）。结论：人毛乳头细胞条件培养液对斑秃患者有明显的治疗作用。     

特殊肠造口患者造口袋更换方法的改进

目的改进造口袋更换方法,以提高回肠造口、襻式造口和水肿造口三类特殊造口患者的维护效果。方法将行临时性或永久性肠造口术患者77例随机分为对照组39例和观察组38例。对照组采取常规方法更换造口袋,观察组采取改进方法更换造口袋,即调整涂抹防漏膏、套入造口袋和清洁皮肤的顺序。比较两组术后9 d内粪水性皮炎发生率、造口底盘渗漏率和造口袋更换用时。结果观察组术后9 d内粪水性皮炎发生率显著低于对照组,术后第3天和第6天造口底盘渗漏发生率显著低于对照组(均P0.05),但观察组术后第1天、第3天和第6天造口袋更换时间显著长于对照组(均P0.01)。结论采取改进的造口袋更换方法对特殊造口进行维护,有利于减少造口底盘渗漏,降低粪水性皮炎的发生。     

云南省西双版纳地区成人慢性肾脏病流行病学调查

目的 了解我国云南省西双版纳少数民族地区成人慢性肾脏病(CKD)患病率及危险因素.方法 对该地区20岁以上常住居民进行随机分层抽样,留取晨尿,分别采用尿白蛋白,肌酐比值方法检测白蛋白尿发生率(≥30 mg/g为阳性);干化学法结合尿离心后显微镜检查法检测血尿发生率(≥3红细胞/高倍视野为阳性);以中国人简化MDRD公式计算估计肾小球滤过率(eGFR)[低于60 ml·min-1·(1.73m2)-1者为eGFR异常].检测CKD相关危险因素指标.结果 符合入选条件的被调查者共5566例,白蛋白尿阳性率为8.06%;血尿阳性率为4.01%;eGFR低于60 ml·min-1(1.73 m2)-1者为2.89%;去除白蛋白尿、血尿及eGFR下降共同存在造成的重复.该地区CKD患病率为12.53%.性别、年龄、民族以及相关危险因素分层后比较结果与多因素Logistic回归分析结果一致,年龄增加、血压升高、空腹血糖升高及三酰甘油升高与白蛋白尿独立相关;年龄增加、收缩压升高与肾功能下降独立相关;年龄增加与血尿独立相关.结论 云南省西双版纳地区成人CKD患病率为12.53%,相关危险因素包括年龄增加、高血压、血糖及血脂异常.     

内蒙古呼伦贝尔地区成人慢性肾脏病流行病学调查

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the general adult population in the Hulunbeir Prefecture, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region where many minorities of north China live. Methods Sampling surveywas performed in the residents aged 20 years and older in the Hulunbeir Prefecture. All the investigated subjects were tested for urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR); hematuria by microscopy of urinary sediment; and GFR estimated by modified MDRD equation for Chinese adults (eGFR). The related risk factors of CKD were also investigated. Results A total of 4522 subjects were enrolled in the study. The prevalence of albuminuria was 7.11％, hematuria was 2.64％ and reduced eGFR [60 ml-min-1·(1.73 m2)-1] was 2.75％. The prevalence of hypertension was 38.90％; hyperglycemia 6.61％; hyperlipidemia 2.72％; increased waist 24.79％ and metabolic syndrome 15.02％. After the subjects with combined microalbuminuria, hematuria and reduced eGFR were excluded, the prevalence of CKD was 12.95％. Logistic regression analysis and stratified analysis showed increased age, increased waist, elevated systolic pressure, hyperglycemia,hypertriglyceridemia and metabolic syndrome were independently associated with albuminuria;increased age, elevated systolic pressure and hyperglycemia were independently associated with reduced eGFR; increased age was independently associated with hematuria. Conclusions The prevalence of adult CKD is 12.95％ in the Hulunbeir Prefecture, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Independent risk factors of CKD include increased age, increased waist, hypertension,abnormal blood glucose or lipid, and metabolic syndrome.     

刚果（金）维和任务区52例隐翅虫皮炎的调查和临床治疗

目的 调查研究刚果（金）维和任务区隐翅虫皮炎患者的发病特点、行为因素及临床治疗情况,为科学防控隐翅虫皮炎提供有效依据。方法 选择2018年5月—2020年4月在刚果（金）维和任务区中国二级医院临床诊断的52例隐翅虫皮炎患者为研究对象,对患者的一般资料、行为因素及临床特征进行流行病学调查,并分析药物的临床疗效。结果 刚果（金）任务区的隐翅虫皮炎具有明显的季节性,每年自10月起发病数逐渐增多,次年1—3月为高峰期。患者驻地主要分布在郊区,有50例（96.15%）,多见于户外工作者,为48例（92.3%）, 其中白天有明确隐翅虫接触史者21例（40.4%）,夜间开窗就寝者20例（38.5%）,夜间开荧光灯就寝者16例（30.8%）,未使用纱窗者18例（34.6%）,就寝时四肢裸露者15例（28.9%）,所有患者未使用蚊帐、驱蚊剂及防护服。颈部、前臂为最容易发生的部位;皮损主要呈斑片状红斑分布（80.77%）,并可见特征性条索状或“吻唇样”改变。患者自觉烧灼痛（88.46%）,少数为瘙痒感（11.54%）。常规予以5%碳酸氢钠溶液擦洗,口服抗组胺药、外用炉甘石洗剂、抗生素联合糖皮质激素软膏是有效治疗手段。对于眶周受累患者,口服强的松,用丁苯羟酸乳膏,获得良好效果。结论 掌握隐翅虫皮炎的流行病学特点,增强二级医院医护人员对隐翅虫皮炎的认识水平,准确识别临床特征,有助于早期诊断并选择合适的治疗方案。     

基于美国排名前5位综合医院的海外针灸师执业调查与启示

选取美国排名前5位综合医院, 通过医院官网收集针灸师执业信息, 分析针灸师的职业部门、擅长病种、职称、教育背景、实习医生培训、专科医师培训、协会认证等信息, 以了解美国针灸师执业情况。结果显示, 美国针灸师执业情况向好, 针灸本土化更进一步, 本土培养的针灸师逐渐成为针灸师主体;针灸治疗仍以镇痛为主, 但治疗范围不断扩大;同时, 接纳针灸师的医院部门日渐增多。但已获得执照的针灸师群体在全美针灸师群体中仍占少数, 美国本土医师仍将针灸当作辅助疗法, 且相对而言不重视考取执照, 针灸师准入门槛仍有待提高。     

皮脂腺癌一例

<正>临床资料患者,男,49岁。主因右侧肩颈部丘疹结节3个月,于2014年6月20日就诊。患者3个月前无明显诱因于右侧颈部出现数个约0.5cm×0.7cm大小红色丘疹,表面光滑,无破溃和痛痒;皮损逐渐增多、增大成结节,部分结节破溃、坏死伴疼痛。在外院临床诊     

强脉冲光治疗蠕形螨阳性玫瑰痤疮后期皮损回顾性分析

目的:回顾性分析540nm强脉冲光治疗蠕形螨阳性玫瑰痤疮后期遗留毛细血管扩张皮损患者的疗效.方法:收集蠕形螨阳性玫瑰痤疮经奥硝唑为主的序贯性治疗后再行540nm强脉冲光治疗的317例遗留毛细血管扩张皮损患者的数据,统计分析治疗次数、患者年龄、皮损面积与疗效之间的关系及复发人数.结果:疗程结束后统计,治疗次数与疗效之间具...     

人毛乳头细胞条件培养液对斑秃患者的治疗作用

目的:观察人毛乳头细胞(DPC)条件培养液对斑秃患者的治疗作用,探讨DPC分泌促进毛囊生长的活性物质。方法:收集体外培养低传代DPC培养上清,制成冻干粉,用于治疗50例斑秃患者,并分别选择其中26例和10例作去炎松组和空白组自身对照。结果:DPC条件培养液组、去炎松组和空白组治愈率分别为74%、54%、10%,有效率分别为96%、73%、30%,DPC条件培养液组其治愈率和有效率均明显高于去炎松组和空白组(P<0.01)。结论:人DPC条件培养液有促进斑秃患者毛囊生长的作用。