胎膜早破孕妇生殖道感染情况及对妊娠结局影响

目的 研究胎膜早破孕妇生殖道感染情况及对妊娠结局的影响。方法 选择2014年5月至2015年1月住院分娩的胎膜早破孕妇70例为早破组,同期无胎膜早破70例为对照组,检测两组生殖道病原微生物感染情况,并比较两组的妊娠结局。结果 早破组生殖道感染阳性率高于对照组,且剖宫产率,母体发生产后出血,绒毛膜羊膜炎,胎儿窘迫及新生儿窒息发生率均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 生殖道感染是胎膜早破最常见的诱因,积极筛查及治疗孕妇生殖道感染可以减少相关产科并发症的发生。     

弥漫性轴索损伤病人的护理

弥漫性轴索损伤（diffuse axonal injury，DAI）是以胼胝体、脑十等中线部位局灶性病变及脑白质广泛性轴索损伤为主，以原发昏迷时间长而又缺乏神经定位体征为其临床特征的一组原发性弥散性脑损伤。在重型颅脑损伤中占20％，病死率高达42％～62％。最常见于车祸颅脑损伤病人，也可见于高处坠落伤者。病人多合并其他部位损伤，特点为伤情重、变化快、并发症和休克发生率高，且病死率高。护理时矛盾多，易顾此失彼，影响临床治疗效果。为更好地总结对该类损伤病人的救治，     

腹腔液中Ⅳ型胶原含量与胃癌病理及腹膜转移相关因素的关系

探讨胃癌腹腔液中Ⅳ型胶原含量与其生物学行为及腹膜转移相关因素的关系。方法:术中收集50例胃癌和10例胃良性病变的腹水或腹腔冲洗液,采用放射免疫技术检测上清液中Ⅳ型胶原、CEA蛋白(p-CEA)含量,同时进行腹腔冲洗细胞学(peritoneallavagecytology,PLC)和病理学检查。结果:Ⅳ型胶原含量与胃癌组织学类型、生长方式、浸润深度、淋巴结转移及浆膜类型呈正相关。PLC、p-CEA阳性组Ⅳ型胶原含量均高于阴性组(P<0.05);肉眼腹膜转移的10例中Ⅳ型胶原均显著升高。全组Ⅳ型胶原含量升高者占68.0%,明显高于p-CEA(44.0%)和PLC(34.0%)的阳性率(P<0.05)。结论:腹腔液中的Ⅳ型胶原是反映胃癌生物学行为的分子标志物,与胃癌腹膜转移密切相关,其预测腹膜亚临床转移的灵敏性优于p-CEA和PLC。     

蛋白芯片检测系统(多肿瘤标志物C12系统)的应用评价

目的：应用并评价蛋白芯片检测系统(多肿瘤标志物C12)的临床价值。方法：应用雅培电化学发光系统(ECL)和C12系统双盲法检测41份血清标本。结果：在对照检测达10份标本的AFP、CEA、β-HCG三个项目，C12系统和ECL系统符合性达81．8％以上；C12系统多个指标间可相互支持其准确性，并有助于判断肿瘤来源。结论：C12系统具有较高准确性，其指标间可相互支持，并有助于判断肿瘤源性。     

Brachydactyly type A3 is caused by a novel 13 bp HOXD13 frameshift deletion in a Chinese family

Brachydactyly type A (BDA) is defined as short middle phalanges of the affected digits and is subdivided into four types (BDA1‐4). To date, the molecular cause is unknown. However, there is some evidence that pathogenic variants of HOXD13 could be associated with BDA3 and BDA4. Here, we report a Chinese autosomal dominant BDA3 pedigree with a novel HOXD13 mutation. The affected individuals presented with an obviously shorter fifth middle phalanx. The radial side of the middle phalanx was shorter than the ulnar side, and the terminal phalanx of the fifth finger inclined radially and formed classical clinodactyly. Interestingly, the index finger was normal. The initial diagnosis was BDA3. However, the distal third and fourth middle phalanges were also slightly affected, resulting in mild radial clinodactyly. Both feet showed shortening of the middle phalanges, which were fused to the distal phalanges of the second to the fifth toes, as reported in BDA4. Therefore, this pedigree had combined BDA3 and atypical BDA4. By direct sequencing, a 13 bp deletion within exon 1 of HOXD13 (NM_000523.4: c.708_720del13; NP_000514.2: p.Gly237fs) was identified. The 13 bp deletion resulted in a frameshift and premature termination of HOXD13. This study provides further evidences that variants in HOXD13 cause BDA3‐BDA4 phenotypes.     

基于胸痛中心急救流程在急性心肌梗死患者救治中的应用

目的探讨基于胸痛中心急救流程在急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者救治中的应用效果。 方法选取镇江市急救中心2017年8月至2021年8月接诊的94例AMI患者为研究对象,其中男性50例,女性44例;年龄42~81岁,平均(60.37±4.31)岁。根据就诊顺序分为对照组和研究组,每组各47例,对照组患者接受常规急救流程,研究组患者接受基于胸痛中心基础上的急救流程,比较两组患者急救各环节时间、不良心血管事件发生率及患者满意度。 结果研究组患者急救各环节时间较对照组更短,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组患者不良心血管事件发生率显著低于对照组(6.38%比23.40%),两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组患者满意度显著高于对照组(93.62%比78.72%),两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论基于胸痛中心急救流程可有效缩短急救过程中各环节时间,最大限度降低不良心血管事件发生风险,患者满意度高,对提高AMI患者救治效果、改善预后具有积极意义。     

少数民族地区青少年对新冠疫情的认知调查

目的调查少数民族地区青少年对新冠疫情的认知及应对情况。方法采用分层抽样的方法,通过“问卷星”在线平台对香格里拉市1949名在校学生进行调查。结果结果显示,81.94%的学生在2020年1月初之前已知晓疫情;83.12%的学生通过电视和微信知晓疫情;9333%的学生认为病毒通过飞沫传播;94.80%的学生会通过戴口罩、不聚餐等方式进行防护;疫情相关知识的正确率为71.44%。不同年龄、性别、民族、专业、生源地、家庭年收入的学生对部分调查问题的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论学生对疫情认知整体情况较好,部分问题仍有较大提升空间。学校应做好疫情常态化防控,完善心理疏导体系,多措并举,引导学生做好自我防护。     

Construction and evaluation of an alcohol vapor chamber system

An increasing number of studies demonstrated that alcohol vapor chamber is an effective way to model physical signs of alcohol use disorders. Although researchers are developing different vapor chambers to study chronic alcohol exposure model worldwide, few studies build and modify their own vapor chambers in China. Here, we designed and established an alcohol vapor chamber system for small animals. We described a paradigm showing how to control and monitor alcohol concentration in whole system. The vapor chamber system with several advantages including accommodating up to ten standard mouse cages. Furthermore, the system was tested by evaluating the blood alcohol concentration and neuron injury in mice. Importantly, the alcohol withdrawal after vapor exposure caused motor coordination impairment, anxiolytic- and depression-like behavior. Finally, the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-mediated glutamatergic transmissions in the medial prefrontal cortex was changed after alcohol vapor exposure-induced behaviors. The frequency and amplitude of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents between control and alcohol groups were not different, suggesting that alcohol exposure-induced behaviors are associated with the change in NMDAR response. Taken together, the new alcohol vapor chamber system was constructed, which would help to research the relationship between the stable alcohol exposure and withdrawal behaviors and to study chronic alcohol exposure-induced disorders in China.     

苁蓉益肾颗粒联合缬沙坦胶囊治疗慢性肾脏病临床研究

目的：观察苁蓉益肾颗粒联合缬沙坦胶囊治疗慢性肾脏病的临床疗效。方法：将80例慢性肾脏病患者,按数字奇偶法随机分为研究组与对照组各40例。对照组给予缬沙坦胶囊治疗,研究组在对照组的基础上给予苁蓉益肾颗粒治疗。2组均以1个月为1个疗程,治疗3个疗程后评估临床疗效、蛋白尿、肾功能指标[血肌酐（SCr）、血尿素氮（BUN）]及疾病进展情况。结果：研究组总有效率为92.50%,对照组为75.00%,2组比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗1、2、3个月后,2组24 h尿蛋白定量均较治疗前降低（P<0.05）,并呈下降趋势（P<0.05）,且研究组相同时间点24 h尿蛋白定量均低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后,2组SCr、BUN水平均较治疗前降低（P<0.05）,且研究组上述2项指标均低于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组疾病进展率为20.00%,对照组为47.50%,2组比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：苁蓉益肾颗粒联合缬沙坦胶囊治疗慢性肾脏病患者能有效提高临床疗效,减少蛋白尿,改善肾功能,延缓病情进展。