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This article examines the empirical basis of using homework in psychotherapy and then offers a synthesis of the research literature with the preceding clinical articles. We provide a practitioner-friendly review of psychotherapy process and outcome research literature, concluding that there is now sufficient evidence to support the assertion that homework assignments enhance psychotherapy outcomes. It is also clear that homework compliance is a consistently significant predictor of treatment outcome. Limitations of existing studies and future research directions are outlined, and we suggest that more specific questions are required regarding the integration of homework into therapy process. Clinical recommendations and issues in homework administration described in preceding articles are also synthesized. The research evidence and contributors to this issue converge in recommending homework within the broad context of psychotherapy and using creative ways of administering homework that is customized to the client. 相似文献
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Identification of a new locus for autosomal dominant non-syndromic hearing impairment (DFNA7) in a large Norwegian family 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Fagerheim T; Nilssen O; Raeymaekers P; Brox V; Moum T; Elverland HH; Teig E; Omland HH; Fostad GK; Tranebjaerg L 《Human molecular genetics》1996,5(8):1187-1191
Hereditary hearing impairment affects about 1 in 1000 newborns. In most
cases hearing loss is non-syndromic with no other clinical features, while
in other families deafness is associated with specific clinical
abnormalities. Analysis of large families with non-syndromic and syndromic
deafness have been used to identify genes or gene locations that cause
hearing impairment. The present report describes a large Norwegian family
with autosomal dominant non-syndromic, progressive high tone hearing loss
with linkage to 1q21-q23. A maximum LOD score of 7.65 (theta = 0.00) was
obtained with the microsatellite marker D1S196. Analysis of recombinant
individuals maps the deafness gene (DFNA7) to a 22 cM region between D1S104
and D1S466. The region contains several attractive candidate genes. This
report supports the idea of extensive genetic heterogeneity in hereditary
hearing impairment and represents the first localization of a deafness gene
in a Norwegian family.
相似文献
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Russell EJ; Geremia GK; Johnson CE; Huckman MS; Ramsey RG; Washburn-Bleck J; Turner DA; Norusis M 《Radiology》1987,165(3):609-617
Sixteen patients with suspected cerebral metastases were studied with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging before and after the intravenous administration of 0.1 mmol/kg of gadolinium diethylenetriaminepenta-acetic acid. The images were interpreted blindly by two neuroradiologists; all clinical, radiologic (computed tomographic and MR imaging), and pathologic data were reviewed to arrive at a final "best diagnosis," which was then compared with the prior blinded interpretations. Of seven patients found to have multiple metastases, six (86%) had at least one tumor nodule depicted by postinfusion MR imaging that was missed by one or both observers on review of preinfusion images alone. Lesions missed on preinfusion studies were usually small nodules hidden by or not detected next to regions of high-signal edema thought to be related to the adjacent tumor nodule. The authors believe that contrast enhancement improves detection of metastatic foci with MR imaging and that the findings indicate broader implications for the detection of multiple lesions from other causes. 相似文献
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RAJVIR BHALWAR HS SANDHU RC AHUJA GK SINGH RP MISRA 《Medical Journal Armed Forces India》1994,50(3):175-180
A population based hybrid design combining element of cohort and cross-sectional approach was used to develop a simple clinical algorithm to predict individual probability of developing hypertension (systolic BP > 140 mm Hg and/or diastolic BP > 90 mmHg). 3615 soldiers initially normotensive at the time of induction into high altitude, were studied by systematic random sampling. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed a high significant association between hypertension and age, body mass index (BMI), tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption. Using the constant/coefficient values obtained from the logistic model and the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis, the following predictive rule was developed – To the age in years, add (BMIx 3.86); also add 5.53 if he is a smoker; and add 19.81 if he consumes alcohol. If the total exceeds 142, the individual is at high risk of developing hypertension. This algorithm carries a sensitivity of 68.2% and specificity of 78.5%.KEY WORDS: Hypertension, High altitude 相似文献
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Topical tacrolimus therapy of resistant cutaneous lesions in lupus erythematosus: a possible alternative 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
Lampropoulos CE Sangle S Harrison P Hughes GR D'Cruz DP 《Rheumatology (Oxford, England)》2004,43(11):1383-1385
Objective. To determine the efficacy of tacrolimus ointment0.1% on resistant cutaneous lesions in patients with lupus erythematosus. Methods. Twelve patients with skin manifestations were studied.Six had discoid lupus (DL), four subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus(SCLE) and two systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). All patientshad extensive skin lesions refractory to previous treatment.Patients received topical tacrolimus 0.1% for a minimum of 6weeks and response was evaluated by physicians and patientsassessment and documented with photographs at baseline and atthe end of the treatment. Results. Eleven of 12 patients completed the therapy. One patientwith DL discontinued because of side-effectspeeling anda burning sensation. Six patients were clearly improved, onepatient had a minor remission of his face lesion while in fourthe rashes remained the same. Two patients with SCLE had significantregression of their lesions while the other two had no improvement.In DL, two had certain improvement, one minor improvement andtwo were without response. The patients with SLE had significantamelioration of their extensive photosensitive rash. Conclusion. Tacrolimus ointment 0.1% may be an effective alternativein patients with severe resistant cutaneous manifestations inlupus erythematosus. KEY WORDS: Tacrolimus, Cutaneous lupus erythematosus 相似文献
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Glyn Elwyn Isabelle Scholl Caroline Tietbohl Mala Mann Adrian GK Edwards Catharine Clay France Légaré Trudy van der Weijden Carmen L Lewis Richard M Wexler Dominick L Frosch 《BMC medical informatics and decision making》2013,13(Z2):S14