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排序方式: 共有142条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
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Ictal spiking patterns recorded from temporal depth electrodes predict good outcome after anterior temporal lobectomy 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
PURPOSE: Investigators have shown that the presence of ictal spiking (IS) recorded from temporal depth electrodes is associated with mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS). We investigated the relation of IS to seizure control and pathology after anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL). METHODS: All patients undergoing intracranial ictal monitoring from a single institution since 1989 were identified. Those who did not undergo ATL or had postoperative follow-up of <1 year were excluded. All received at a minimum bilateral temporal depth electrodes. Ictal recordings were reviewed for the presence of IS, and the proportion of seizures with IS was determined for each patient. Outcome was determined by using Engel's classification. Surgical specimens were reviewed for pathology. Statistics used were chi2, Fisher exact test, and Wilcoxon rank sum. RESULTS: Forty patients with 571 seizures were reviewed. In 292 seizures from 32 patients, IS was seen. Outcomes were 24 class I (22 with IS), five class II (four with IS), three class III (one with IS), seven class IV (four with IS), and one lost to follow-up (with IS). Pathologic review revealed 25 with MTS, 22 of whom had IS. The presence of IS was associated with class I outcomes (p = 0.04), but not MTS (p = 0.06). Patients with class I outcomes had a significantly greater proportion of seizures with IS (mean, 0.58 +/- 0.3) compared with other outcomes (mean, 0.30 +/- 0.3, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of IS and higher proportion of seizures with IS correlated with good seizure outcome after ATL. This information may be used in preoperative counseling. 相似文献
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Although exposure of LLC-PK1 epithelial cell sheets to phorbol esters (TPA)
causes a near immediate and total decrease of transepithelial electrical
resistance (TER), continuation of exposure for 3 to 4 days results in a
tachyphylactic response as TER begins to return to control levels. Recovery
of TER is maximal by 5 to 6 days, but reaches only 70 to 80% of control
level. A reciprocal change in the transepithelial flux of D-mannitol
indicates that the TER decrease is indicative of an increase in tight
junction permeability. Exposure of cell sheets to TPA for several days also
results in the appearance of multilayered polyp- like foci (PLFs) across
the otherwise one cell layer thick cell sheets. The pattern of penetration
of the electron dense dye, ruthenium red, from the apical surface, across
the tight junction and into the lateral intercellular space indicates that
the tight junctions of the cell sheet become uniformly leaky after acute
exposure to TPA. However, when exposure is continued for several days, only
the junctions of cells in the PLFs manifest leakiness. The decrease in TER
following acute TPA exposure correlates with the translocation of protein
kinase C-alpha (PKC alpha) into a membrane-associated compartment. With
exposure of several days, only a trace of PKC alpha is visible by Western
immunoblot, and this is in the membrane-associated compartment.
Immunofluorescent microscopy indicates that the trace of PKC alpha seen in
the Western immunoblots is ascribable distinctly to cells of the PLFs.
Monolayer areas between PLFs show no discernible immunofluorescent signal.
The data therefore indicate that tight junction barrier function may be
restored in certain areas by the down regulation of PKC alpha from the
membrane-associated compartment. Failure to down regulate may result in the
paracellular leakiness and abnormal cell architecture of the PLFs. Possible
implications of this model for in vivo epithelial tumor promotion are
discussed.
相似文献
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The substantia nigra receives a strong GABAergic input from the ipsilateral striatum and globus pallidus. Nigral GABAergic synaptic interactions have been described in the pars compacta (SNC) and pars reticulata (SNR) but not in the pars lateralis (SNL). The SNR and particularly the SNL are the nodal points of the GABAergic nigrotectal pathway. The present study analyzes the synaptic connections of GABAergic and dopaminergic neurons in each of the divisions of the substantia nigra by employing a double-labeling immunocytochemical technique at the light and electron microscope levels. Glutamic acid decar☐ylase (GAD)-containing terminals make symmetrical synaptic contacts with dopaminergic neurons in the SNC and SNR. Neurons that contain GAD also receive a GABAergic input in the SNR and SNL. The proportion of GAD-GAD contacts appears to be highest in the SNL where virtually all GAD-positive terminals are found to be in synaptic contact with or apposed to GAD positive profiles. This study demonstrates a strong GABAergic input onto nigral dopaminergic neurons and GABAergic neurons in the SNR and SNL. This GABAergic influence which is ontensibly striatal or pallidal in origin is particularly prominent in relation to the SNL-mediated nigro-collicular pathway. 相似文献
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Orbital rim and malar advancement for unilateral coronal synostosis in the older pediatric age group
The authors describe a technique for lateral orbital rim and malar advancement in patients in the older pediatric age group. The technique makes use of a strip craniotomy containing the supraorbital margin, greater sphenoid wing, and temporal bone, with en bloc inclusion of the lateral orbital rim, zygoma, and malar prominence. The method allows a contoured yet stable construction secured in a tongue-in-groove fashion with plate-and-screw fixation. It creates a symmetrical reconstruction of both frontal and lateral orbital aspects in the untreated or inadequately treated older plagiocephalic child with orbital dystopia. The accompanying malar recession is likewise corrected. 相似文献
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Vivek Pandey Ajay Singh Thakur Kiran KV Acharya P Sripathi Rao 《Indian Journal of Orthopaedics》2009,43(1):97-98
Described as asymptomatic and an incidental finding on a plain x-ray film, the “pelvic digit” is a rare congenital anomaly. A 35-year-old man is of a rare symptomatic pelvic digit that warranted surgical excision. Its importance lies in its differentiation from acquired abnormalities due to trauma such as myositis ossificans and avulsion injuries of pelvis. If this entity is kept in mind, unnecessary investigations or interventions can be avoided. 相似文献
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The distribution of substance P (SP), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) immunoreactivity in the substantia nigra of the rat was studied by means of an ultrastructural double-labeling immunocytochemical method. Direct synaptic contact between SP-immunoreactive terminals and GAD-positive nigral neurons was more often observed in the pars lateralis than the pars reticularis and was rarely observed in the pars compacta. Substance P-positive terminals also formed synapses with cell bodies and dendrites of TH-positive, dopaminergic neurons in the pars compacta and pars reticulata. Multiple SP-immunoreactive terminals were often observed with symmetrical and, less frequently, asymmetrical synapses on individual TH-containing dendrites. Evidence of SP-containing terminals contacting both GABAergic and dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra suggests a direct excitatory action upon nigral projection neurons. 相似文献