Congenital infiltrating lipomatosis of the face

Congenital infiltrating lipomatosis of the face is a rare clinical entity. Since it was first described by Slavin and colleagues in 1989, only a few cases have been reported in the literature. A 6-year-old girl with congenital infiltrating lipomatosis of the right side of the face is presented, and treatment modalities are discussed.     

Mandibular involvement of solitary plasmocytoma: a case report

Plasma cell neoplasms (multiple myeloma, solitary plasmocytoma of bone and extra medullar plasmocytoma) are characterized by a monoclonal neoplastic proliferation of plasma cells. Solitary plasmocytoma of bone (SPB) is a localized form of them. SPB is most frequently seen in vertebrae and secondarily in long bones. Its presence in jaws is extremely rare and when it is seen, angulus and ramus mandible are most common sites of occurrence. Prognosis of SPB is worse than extra medullar plasmacytoma (EMP) and approximately 50% of SPB will transform to multiple myelom. A 76-year old woman consulted to our clinic with a chief complaint of slowly developed swelling in her mandible. She had an operation from caput femur because of plasmocytoma two months before. Panoramic radiography revealed a radiolucent lesion in the mandibular anterior region, 60x35 mm in dimension. Aspiration biopsy was performed and histopathological examination was reported as plasmocytoma. She was referred to the oncology department for treatment but died before the treatment finished.     

Nonextraction treatment with rapid maxillary expansion and mandibular symphyseal distraction osteogenesis and vertical skeletal dimensions

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and mandibular symphyseal distraction osteogenesis (MSDO) on vertical dimensions of the face. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fourteen patients, nine girls and five boys, underwent RME and MSDO procedures. Distraction was carried out at a rate of 1 mm per 24 hours with a tooth-borne appliance. The amount of distraction was 7 mm for each patient. Standardized lateral cephalograms were taken at the following time periods: before treatment (T0), after RME (T1), at the completion of MSDO (T2), and at the end of fixed orthodontic treatment (T3). The data were evaluated by using a general linear model of repeated-measures analysis of variance and paired t-tests at the 95% confidence level. RESULTS: RME significantly increased the vertical dimensions of the face and decreased the overbite (P < .001). Although the vertical parameters of the face on the lateral cephalogram decreased after MSDO, these decreasing effects were statistically insignificant just for the distances measured from the horizontal reference line to the chin points. In other words, MSDO decreased the vertical skeletal dimensions that were increased by RME, but this neutralizing effect of MSDO was not as much as the increase caused by RME. CONCLUSION: Treatment modalities (RME, MSDO, and fixed orthodontic treatment) described in this study, in total, had little effect on the vertical skeletal measurements of the face.     

Are Fibrinogen and Complete Blood Count Parameters Predictive in Incarcerated Abdominal Hernia Repair?

Therapeutic delays in cases of external incarcerated hernias typically result in increasing morbidity, mortality, and health expenditures. We investigated the diagnostic role of blood fibrinogen level, white blood count (WBC), mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet distribution width (PDW) in patients with incarcerated hernia. Two groups, each containing 100 patients, were studied. Group A underwent elective, and group B underwent incarcerated and urgent external hernia repair. We observed high fibrinogen and WBC levels but low MPV and PDW values for patients in group B. Contrary to our expectations, we found lower MPV and PDW values in the complicated group than in the elective group. The morbidity rate and cost burden were higher in group B, and the results were statistically significant. Early operation should be recommended for patients with incarcerated external hernias if their fibrinogen and WBC levels are high.Key words: Incarcerated external hernia, Fibrinogen, Complete blood countExternal strangulated hernia is one of the most common causes of intestinal obstruction especially in the elderly. Delay in treatment may be dangerous.¹ Andrews found that the need of bowel resection rate was 27% and the mortality rate was 21% when diagnosis was delayed more than 48 hours; whereas these rates were 7% and 1.4% when diagnosis was obtained in the first 24 hours.² In addition to increased morbidity and mortality rates, a delay in the treatment of strangulated external hernias is associated with extended hospital stays and an increased need for intensive care, thereby resulting in increased health costs. Of course, clinical signs and symptoms are the most important evidences in diagnosis of incarcerated hernias. In order to make correct diagnosis, we also have powerful weapons such as radiologic imaging methods. However, these clinical and radiologic evidences show complications, especially intestinal perforation due to incarceration. Awareness of probable complications is essential. In this regard, we sometimes need simple methods to alert us. The white blood count (WBC), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and blood fibrinogen level have been shown to be valuable predictive parameters for ischemic events in different parts of the body.^3–9 There are probable ischemic tissues and organs in incarcerated hernia sac. So, in this study, we aimed to investigate the effectiveness of these simple blood tests in diagnosis. Generally, there is no problem in diagnosis, but sometimes the delay in treatment results in additional morbidity such as a need for bowel resection.     

The first histopathological evidence of trimetazidine for the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy

Aim: We aimed to investigate the prophylactic effects of trimetazidine (TMZ) against contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in rat kidneys. Methods and results: 28 Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups of 7 rats each (control (C), contrast media (CM) TMZ, trimetazidin?+?contrast media groups (TMZ?+?CM). The administration of TMZ solution was done on d2, d3 and d4. Fifth day, contrast media was administered at a single dose. On d6 scarification was performed. The oxidant/antioxidant parameters were measured and histopathological scores were performed in kidney tissues. Most of the histopathological scores were significantly higher in the CM group as compared to other groups. Moreover, the scores of the TMZ?+?CM and C groups were not statistically different. CM group, had significantly higher levels of MDA compared to the C and CM?+?TMZ groups (562.82?±?38.15 vs. 419.15?±?49.01 and 507.34?±?14.16 01?nmol/mg protein respectively) (p?0.001). CM group had significantly lower levels of SOD as compared to C, CM?+?TMZ and TMZ groups (p?0.05). Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this study for the first time, histopathologically demonstrated the effectiveness of TMZ for the prevention of CIN.