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1.
Carlo Capella Luciana Usellini Mauro Papotti Luigia Macri Giovanna Finzi Vincenzo Eusebi Gianni Bussolati 《Ultrastructural pathology》1990,14(4):321-334
The ultrastructural patterns of neuroendocrine (NE) differentiated breast carcinomas are analyzed and discussed. Reports in the literature describe wide variations in the size of observed dense-core membrane-bound granules and discrepancies in their interpretation. In the present study 24 cases of breast carcinoma with recognized morphologic, histochemical, and immunocytochemical features of NE tumors were investigated. Five different types of dense-core granules of neurosecretory (NS) type (confirmed by the ultrastructural localization of chromogranin A) and five different cell types were recognized. Some amphicrine cells were found to contain both mucin and NS granules. Another notable ultrastructural feature of breast NE carcinomas was the presence of clear vesicles of presynaptic type, which correlated with expression of synaptophysin. 相似文献
2.
How to use Chlamydia antibody testing in subfertility patients 总被引:1,自引:9,他引:1
Screening for tubal factor subfertility by means of Chlamydia antibody
testing (CAT) was introduced into the initial work-up of subfertile couples
several years ago. The results reported, however, are heterogeneous, and no
uniformity exists in cut-off levels of titres, or in definitions of tubal
factor subfertility. We performed a prospective cohort study to evaluate
the implications of varying the definitions of tubal pathology and of
modifying the cut-off levels on the clinical impact of CAT in predicting
tubal factor subfertility. In 227 consecutive patients who attended our
fertility clinic, the Chlamydia IgG antibody titre was determined and
related to tuboperitoneal abnormalities at laparoscopy as a reference
standard. According to received operating characteristic (ROC) curve
analysis, a titre of 16 is the optimum cut-off level. Increasing the
cut-off level improves specificity and positive likelihood ratio (LR+), at
the expense of sensitivity and negative LR (LR-). Changing the definition
of tubal factor subfertility from unspecified tuboperitoneal abnormalities
into extensive adhesions and/or bilateral distal tubal occlusion improves
LR+, LR- and kappa significantly. We conclude that CAT is more accurate in
predicting severe distal tubal pathology than unspecified tuboperitoneal
abnormalities. Although from a statistical point of view a titre of 16 is
the optimum cut-off level, from a clinical point of view 32 or 64 may be
preferable, depending on the aim of screening and the inception cohort.
相似文献
3.
4.
von Willebrand factor released from Weibel-Palade bodies binds more avidly to extracellular matrix than that secreted constitutively 总被引:8,自引:5,他引:8
Large multimers of von Willebrand factor (vWf) are released from the Weibel-Palade bodies of cultured endothelial cells following treatment with a secretagogue (Sporn et al, Cell 46:185, 1986). These multimers were shown by immunofluorescent staining to bind more extensively to the extracellular matrix of human foreskin fibroblasts than constitutively secreted vWf, which is composed predominantly of dimeric molecules. Increased binding of A23187-released vWf was not due to another component present in the releasate, since releasate from which vWf was adsorbed, when added together with constitutively secreted vWf, did not promote binding. When iodinated plasma vWf was overlaid onto the fibroblasts, the large forms bound preferentially to the matrix. These results indicated that the enhanced binding of the vWf released from the Weibel-Palade bodies was likely due to its large multimeric size. It appears that multivalency is an important component of vWf interaction with the extracellular matrix, just as has been shown for vWf interaction with platelets. The pool of vWf contained within the Weibel-Palade bodies, therefore, is not only especially suited for platelet binding, but also for interaction with the extracellular matrix. 相似文献
5.
Michele Farisco Enrico Alleva Flavia Chiarotti Simone Macri Carlo Petrini 《Neuroethics》2014,7(1):93-104
Notwithstanding fundamental methodological advancements, scientific information about disorders of consciousness (DOCs)—e.g. Vegetative State/Unresponsive Wakefulness Syndrome (VS/UWS) and Minimally Conscious State (MCS)—is incomplete. The possibility to discriminate between different levels of consciousness in DOC states entails treatment strategies and ethical concerns. Here we attempted to investigate Italian clinicians’ and basic scientists’ opinions regarding some issues emerging from the care and the research on patients with DOCs. From our survey emerged that Italian physicians working with patients with DOCs give a central role to ethics. Current Italian regulation regarding basic research conducted in patients with DOCs apparently risks to be inadequate to support scientific advancement, and would deserve a different assessment compared to ordinary treatments. We think the results of our survey deserve attention from an international audience because they exemplify the difficulty to define a shared approach to the issues related to patients with DOCs and the necessity to better assess both the ordinary and experimental treatment of patients with DOCs at the ethical and legal level. 相似文献
6.
Courtney E. Takahashi Ansgar M. Brambrink Michael F. Aziz Elizabeth Macri Joshua Raines Anmol Multani-Kohol Holly E. Hinson Helmi L. Lutsep Wayne M. Clark Jeremy D. Fields 《Neurocritical care》2014,20(2):202-208
Background
General anesthesia (GA) for acute stroke interventions may be associated with inferior functional outcomes. Our goal was to identify physiologic parameters that mediate this association.Methods
Consecutive patients treated at our institution between August 2007 and December 2010 were identified from a prospective database. Clinical data were then extracted by retrospective chart review. Variables significantly associated with outcome in univariate analysis were also examined in multivariate analysis, controlling for well-established prespecified predictors of functional outcome.Results
Of the 106 patients identified, 20 were excluded (17 due to the absence of 90-day mRS and 3 due to insufficient anesthetic records). Blood pressure (BP) decreased significantly after induction of GA, but there was no association between BP and outcome. End tidal carbon dioxide values (ETCO2) at 60 and 90 min, however, were significantly associated with outcomes in both univariate and multivariate analyses. Mean ETCO2 in patients with favorable outcomes (modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 0–3) was higher than in those with unfavorable outcomes (mRS 4–6): 35.2 mmHg versus 32.2 (p = 0.03) at 60 min and 34.9 versus 31.9 (p = 0.04) at 90 min. The adjusted odds ratios for poor outcomes for each 1 mmHg decrease in ETCO2 were the same: 0.76 (95 % CI 0.65–0.92; p = 0.004) at 60 min and 0.76 (95 % CI 0.61–0.93; p = 0.01) at 90 min.Conclusions
While BP decreased significantly in patients undergoing GA for acute stroke intervention, it did not correlate with patient outcome. Decreases in ETCO2 at 30 and 60 min, however, were associated with 90-day mRS. 相似文献7.
Larry Nuttbrock Walter Bockting Andrew Rosenblum Sel Hwahng Mona Mason Monica Macri Jeffrey Becker 《American journal of public health》2014,104(11):2199-2206
Objectives. We examined the effects of gender abuse (enacted stigma), depressive symptoms, and demographic, economic, and lifestyle factors on substance use among transgender women.Methods. We conducted a 3-year prospective study (December 2004 to September 2007) of 230 transgender women aged 19 to 59 years from the New York Metropolitan Area. Statistical techniques included generalized estimating equations with logistic and linear regression links.Results. Six-month prevalence of any substance use at baseline was 76.2%. Across assessment points, gender abuse was associated with alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, or any substance use during the previous 6 months, the number of days these substances were used during the previous month, and the number of substances used. Additional modeling associated changes in gender abuse with changes in substance use across time. Associations of gender abuse and substance use were mediated 55% by depressive symptoms. Positive associations of employment income, sex work, transgender identity, and hormone therapy with substance use were mediated 19% to 42% by gender abuse.Conclusions. Gender abuse, in conjunction with depressive symptoms, is a pervasive and moderately strong risk factor for substance use among transgender women. Improved substance abuse treatment is sorely needed for this population.Previous studies and reports have pointed to a high prevalence of substance use among transgender women.1,2 In surveys of this population in large US cities, self-reports of alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, amphetamine, methamphetamine, and opiate use have been 4 to 10 times as high as corresponding reports in the general population.3–6 A recent study of this population in the New York Metropolitan Area observed prevalence estimates of these substances that were, for the most part, marginally higher than previous reports (60.4% for heavy alcohol use, 40.0% for cannabis, 21.7% for cocaine, 3.9% for amphetamines and methamphetamines, and 3.5% for opiates).7Early clinical studies of this population attributed such high percentages of substance use to a gender identity at odds with sexual anatomy,8 with later reports emphasizing more socially based conflict described as “gender-variant living in an often hostile world.”9(p88) Following minority stress theory,10 the use of alcohol and other drugs in lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender populations is now often understood as resulting from internalized stigma (including transgender phobia directed at oneself) or enacted stigma in the forms of discrimination or psychological or physical abuse by others.11–13Enacted stigma and substance use have been described in a few studies of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender populations,14–16 but longitudinal investigations of these associations are rare,17 the findings have not been consistent,18 and no empirical research has focused on stigma and substance use among transgender women.19Recent prospective studies of transgender women by our research team have pointed to gender abuse (enacted stigma) as a pervasive risk factor for a range of interrelated adverse health outcomes. In one study, gender abuse was associated with incident HIV and sexually transmitted infection in part because of the mediating effect of depressive symptoms.20 A subsequent study showed moderately strong associations of psychological and physical gender abuse with incident major depression.21In this study, we furthered this line of inquiry by systematically examining gender abuse, depressive symptoms, and demographic, economic, and lifestyle variables as interrelated risk factors for substance use. We hypothesized that psychological and physical gender abuse (enacted stigma) would be associated with substance use across time. We also hypothesized that these associations would be partially mediated by depressive symptoms (i.e., gender abuse causes depression, which then causes substance use). We have observed associations of gender abuse and depression in our previous studies, and depression, in turn, has been linked to substance use in numerous clinical and population studies.22 One interpretation of the latter link, the self-medication hypothesis, suggests that depressed individuals use certain substances in an attempt to temporarily ameliorate their symptomatology.23Against the background of the previous study,21 which linked 4 background variables (employment income, sex work, social presentation of transgender identity, and hormone therapy) to depression in part because of the mediated effects of gender abuse, we hypothesized that these same background variables would likewise affect substance use in part because of the mediated effects of gender abuse. The link between employment income and gender abuse may reflect the social scrutiny of transgender women’s behavior in a formal workplace environment. Sex work (especially in public venues), social presentation of transgender identity, and physical feminization associated with hormone therapy may increase the public visibility of gender nonconformity and increase the odds of gender abuse as a result. 相似文献
8.
9.
Gomtsyan A Bayburt EK Schmidt RG Zheng GZ Perner RJ Didomenico S Koenig JR Turner S Jinkerson T Drizin I Hannick SM Macri BS McDonald HA Honore P Wismer CT Marsh KC Wetter J Stewart KD Oie T Jarvis MF Surowy CS Faltynek CR Lee CH 《Journal of medicinal chemistry》2005,48(3):744-752
Novel transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) receptor antagonists with various bicyclic heteroaromatic pharmacophores were synthesized, and their in vitro activity in blocking capsaicin activation of TRPV1 was assessed. On the basis of the contribution of these pharmacophores to the in vitro potency, they were ranked in the order of 5-isoquinoline > 8-quinoline = 8-quinazoline > 8-isoquinoline > or = cinnoline approximately phthalazine approximately quinoxaline approximately 5-quinoline. The 5-isoquinoline-containing compound 14a (hTRPV1 IC50 = 4 nM) exhibited 46% oral bioavailability and in vivo activity in animal models of visceral and inflammatory pain. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacological properties of 14a are substantial improvements over the profile of the high-throughput screening hit 1 (hTRPV1 IC50 = 22 nM), which was not efficacious in animal pain models and was not orally bioavailable. 相似文献
10.
Federico Ferrando-Castagnetto Enrique Macri Alejandro Silva Darío Padula Gastón Garcés 《Educación Médica》2019