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Tayama K; Takamori S; Mitsuoka M; Hiraki H; Ohtsuka S; Hayashi A; Aoyama Y; Shirouzu K 《Japanese journal of clinical oncology》1997,27(6):401-405
The aim of this study was to investigate retrospectively the efficacy of
expandable metallic stents (EMSs) for severe respiratory distress in
patients with central airway obstruction. Twenty patients with central
airway obstructions were treated with an EMS. An intraluminal stricture was
present in 15 and an extraluminal stricture in 5 patients. Of the 15
patients with intraluminal stenosis, 11 exhibited symptomatic improvement.
All 11 patients had tumor infiltration occupying less than 50% of the
endoluminal diameter. The other four patients with intraluminal stenosis
had tumor infiltration occupying > 50% of the endoluminal diameter and
demonstrated no improvement. All five patients with extraluminal stenosis
were improved. EMS is useful for an extraluminal stricture in the central
airway and the effect of EMS for intraluminal stenosis is related to the
degree of infiltration and of tumor progression itself.
相似文献
3.
Aro Ino Tatsuya Hayashi Kazunori Yamashiro Tetsuji Cho Toshifumi Kishimoto 《Nihon Arukōru Yakubutsu Igakkai zasshi》2005,40(1):47-56
One hundred fifty-three inpatients with alcohol dependence syndrome were treated with the structured BDIM (Before-Discharge Intervention Method). 82 patients of them have participated to self-help group meetings or kept having therapy as our outpatients or inpatients during the study period. We chose the families of the 82 patients as our study subject Out of the study subjects who took part in BDIM, 64 families (117 persons) answered our questionnaire. Among them 63 families (101 persons) gave their described answers of impressions and opinions about BDIM, which were summarized as follows. (1) Through BDIM the family members gained second thought on their alcoholic family member (IP: identified patient) and they could tell their new view to IP. BDIM enabled them to tell IP their sincere feeling and hope for recovery of IP. BDIM empowered both IP and IP's family members. (2) The family members became to know IP's orientation on his or her disease. They came to know IP's denial and understand him or her as he or she was. (3) The family members felt emotional ties among themselves and IP through BDIM. When the family members of a dysfunctional family took part together in BDIM, they could know the feelings, thoughts, experiences and hopes one another. The family members had a precious experience of mutual understanding among themselves and IP to hope for recovery together. (4) The family members appreciated BDIM as a effective therapy. In BDIM many of them regarded highly of giving their letters to IP as a useful method to convey their feeling and thoughts calmly to IP. (5) On the other hand some family members pointed out the difficulty for themselves to write on BDIM. For family members who are not good at writing a letter or tend only to blame IP through their letters, writing and giving letters to IP is not appropriate as a therapy. If family members feel strong anxiety or fear, it is safe not to practice BDIM. 相似文献
4.
A brief historical review of the role of female medical students and female physicians in American medicine is presented. The 1985-1986 Council on Resident Education in Obstetrics and Gynecology Residency Data Bank was analyzed for gender distribution. Questionnaire studies were undertaken to study the possible effect of the increasing number of female residents in an obstetrics and gynecology residency program. Queries were sent to current and former residents, the attending staff, and the nursing and anesthesiology staffs. In order to evaluate the national scene, letters were mailed to directors of programs with 20 or more residents. The overall results indicated female residents have a positive effect on residency training. 相似文献
5.
Pyroglutamyl, proline-rich oligopeptides, classically referred to as bradykinin-potentiating peptides (BPPs) are found in Bothrops jararaca venom, and are naturally occurring inhibitors of the somatic angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). The chemical and pharmacological properties of these peptides were essential for the development of captopril, the first active site directed inhibitor of ACE, currently used to treat human hypertension. ACE is a complex ectoenzyme of the vascular endothelium, possessing two catalytic sites, performing diverse specific roles. Recent advances concerning novel features of BPPs revealed that they might still contribute to a better understanding of the cardiovascular physiology and pathology. The molecular biology of the BPPs revealed that they are part of two distinct C-type natriuretic peptide precursors found in the venom gland and the brain of B. jararaca, each containing seven BPPs. In situ hybridization studies detected the presence of the corresponding mRNA precursor in snake brain regions correlated with neuroendocrine functions, such as the ventro-medial hypothalamus, the paraventricular nuclei, the paraventricular organ, and the subcommissural organ. In this article we discuss the large variety of homologous BPPs in B. jararaca venom and brain, its significance, and whether the BPPs could represent novel endogenous neuropeptides. 相似文献
6.
G. S. Sayuk T. L. Leet M. A. Schnitzler P. H. Hayashi 《American journal of transplantation》2007,7(1):151-160
Deceased donor factors associated with poor graft outcome are well known, but how often these factors lead to livers left untransplanted is poorly defined. A nested, case-control study was conducted using the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) database from 1987 to 2005. Only those donating >/=1 solid organ were included. Primary outcome was livers not transplanted (LNT, cases) versus transplanted (LT, controls). Primary variables for multivariate analysis were donor age and obesity. Covariates included donation after cardiac death (DCD), cerebral vascular accident death, viral serologies, cancer, ALT and bilirubin. There were 23 373 (26%) LNT's from 91 362 donors who donated at least one organ. Percent LNT fell over time (1987-1990: 48%; 1991-1995: 29%; 1996-2000: 21%; 2000-2005: 16%; p < 0.01). Increased age (odds ratio: 4.2, 95% confidence interval 3.6-4.9, p < 0.01) and obesity (2.1, 1.9-2.3, p < 0.01) were significantly associated with LNT across all time periods. Other significant factors included DCD and elevated ALT. For 2001-2005, population attributable risk indicate that age >40, abnormal ALT and obesity account for 32.6%, 25.3% and 9.2% of untransplanted livers, respectively. Use of expanded criteria livers has pushed LNT lower in spite of an aging and heavier donor population. Nevertheless, age and obesity still account for a significant portion of untransplanted livers. 相似文献
7.
Background: We evaluated the endoscopic microvascular architecture of the gastric mucosa in portal hypertension patients using the prototype of narrow band imaging (NBI). Material and Methods: The study included 103 Helicobacter pylori‐negative patients with chronic liver disease (22 without portal hypertension (group 1), 81 with portal hypertension (group 2)). Results: (i) Abnormality of collecting venules, reddening mucosa, red spots, a mosaic‐like pattern, and gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) were observed on the gastric mucosa, and an obscure change in collecting venules (73% vs 14%; P < 0.001), reddening mucosa (49% vs 5%; P < 0.001), red spots (36% vs 5%; P < 0.01) and a mosaic‐like pattern (40% vs 5%; P < 0.01) were more frequently observed in group 2 than in group 1. (ii) On magnifying endoscopy with NBI, the mucosa with an obscure change in collecting venules was demonstrated as dilation of the capillaries surrounding the gastric pits in various degrees, and reddening mucosa was observed as extended and swollen gastric pits and various degrees of dilated and convoluted capillaries surrounding the gastric pits. Red spots were demonstrated as extended and swollen gastric pits, dilated and convoluted capillaries surrounding the gastric pits, and intramucosal hemorrhage around these capillaries. GAVE was recognized as partial and marked dilatation of the capillaries surrounding the gastric pits. Conclusion: Abnormality of collecting venules, swelling of gastric pits, dilatation of capillaries surrounding the gastric pits, intramucosal hemorrhage around capillaries, and partial and marked dilatation of the capillaries were observed on the gastric mucosa in portal hypertension patients. 相似文献
8.
Koichiro Ueki Yukari Hashiba Kohei Marukawa Kan Yoshida Chika Shimizu Kiyomasa Nakagawa Etsuhide Yamamoto 《Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics》2007,104(1):38-43
OBJECTIVE: To compare postoperative maxillary stability following Le Fort I osteotomy for the correction of occlusal cant as compared with conventional Le Fort I osteotomy for maxillary advancement. STUDY DESIGN: The subjects were 40 Japanese adults with jaw deformities. Of these, 20 underwent a Le Fort I osteotomy and intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO) to correct asymmetric skeletal morphology and inclined occlusal cant. The other 20 patients underwent a Le Fort I osteotomy and sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) to advance the maxilla. Lateral and posteroanterior cephalograms were taken postoperatively and assessed statistically. Thereafter, the 2 groups were followed for time-course changes. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the 2 groups with regard to time-course changes during the immediate postoperative period. CONCLUSION: This suggests that maxillary stability after Le Fort I osteotomy for cant correction does not differ from that after Le Fort I osteotomy for maxillary advancement. 相似文献
9.
M Kurimoto N Hayashi H Kamiyama S Nagai T Shibata T Asahi N Matsumura Y Hirashima S Endo 《Minimally invasive neurosurgery》2004,47(5):278-283
Neuronavigation has become an effective therapeutic modality and is used routinely for intra-axial tumor removal. This retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the clinical impact of neuronavigation and image-guided extensive resection for adult patients with supratentorial malignant astrocytomas. Between 1990 and 2002, 76 adult patients with pathologically confirmed malignant astrocytomas underwent craniotomy and removal of the tumors at the Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital. Of these 76 patients, 42 were treated using neuronavigation with conventional microneurosurgery and the other 34 were treated with conventional microneurosurgery alone. Postoperative early MRI with contrast enhancement was done, and gross total resection was defined as the complete absence of residual tumor. Survival time was analyzed with the Kaplan-Meier method. Prognostic factors were obtained from the Cox proportional hazards model. In univariate analysis, age (< 65), grade 3, preoperative KPS (>/= 80), use of neuronavigation, and gross total resection were significantly associated with longer survival. However, when the data were submitted to multivariate analysis, grade 3, preoperative KPS (>/= 80), and gross total resection were independent prognostic factors. The median survival periods of patients receiving gross total resection (vs. partial resection) and neuronavigation (vs. no neuronavigation) were 16 (vs. 9) months and 16 (vs. 10) months, respectively. The percentage of a gross total resection was significantly higher in the neuronavigation group compared to that in the no-navigation group (64.3 % vs. 38.2 %, p < 0.05). Neurological deterioration occurred in 4 of 42 (9.5 %) and in 6 of 34 (17.6 %) patients after surgery with neuronavigation and surgery without neuronavigation, respectively, although this difference was not statistically significant. Our results showed that neuronavigation increases the radicality in the resection of malignant astrocytomas and is objectively useful for improving survival time. 相似文献
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