Spontaneous Regression of Budd-Chiari Syndrome (Hepatic Venous Occlusion) in a Young Female

ABSTRACT. Hultcrantz R, Angelin B, Einarsson K, Friman L (Departments of Internal Medicine and Roentgenology, Serafimer Hospital, and Department of Internal Medicine, Huddinge University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden). Spontaneous regression of Budd-Chiari syndrome (hepatic venous occlusion) in a young female. Acta Med Scand 1987; 221:503–7. A case of occlusion of the hepatic veins in an 18-year-old girl is presented. The onset was sudden with massive ascites and markedly impaired general condition. The diagnosis was based on liver biopsy and angiograms of the caval and hepatic veins as well as of the celiac artery. No predisposing factors could be found. The patient was treated conservatively with laparo-centesis and diuretics. Clear improvement was seen after two weeks, and after four weeks she had no ascites and could be discharged. All liver function tests were then normalized. After three months, all diuretics could be withdrawn, and in the following 11 years she has remained completely recovered. The case illustrates that also widespread thrombi of the hepatic veins may sometimes rapidly dissolve spontaneously, with apparent total reconstitution of hepatic function. This case is unusual since previously reported cases have had high mortality rates and, in surviving cases, operative procedures or large doses of diuretics have been required to control the ascites.     

Is chronic inflammatory change in the prostate the major cause of rising serum prostate‐specific antigen in patients with clinical suspicion of prostate cancer?

AIM: To evaluate the cause of elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in patients with transrectal needle biopsy negative for prostate cancer. METHODS: Serum PSA concentration, prostate volume, and pathologic findings were examined in 223 patients with negative biopsy for prostate cancer. The degree of prostate inflammation was determined by the extent and degree of inflammation shown by biopsy specimens and is expressed as an inflammation score (range: 0-36). RESULTS: A significant correlation was found between PSA concentration and prostate total volume (P=0.0001). Prostate chronic inflammation showed no correlation with PSA concentration (P=0.485, F=0.488). After allocating patients to normal PSA (4 ng/mL) groups, we found that serum PSA concentrations in both groups were predominantly affected by prostate total volume. CONCLUSIONS: An increase in prostate volume appears to be the major contributor to a high serum PSA concentration in patients with negative biopsy for prostate cancer. However, in contrast to previous reports, there was no correlation between the degree of prostate chronic inflammation and serum PSA concentrations.     

Unannounced simulated patients' observations of physician STD/HIV prevention practices.

Studies describing sexually transmitted disease (STD) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention practices of primary care physicians have relied on physician or patient reports. This study describes physician STD/HIV prevention practices as observed by unannounced simulated patient evaluators (SPEs). SPEs visited sixty-five primary care physicians. Each SPE portrayed a sexually active female, new to the area, requesting a consultation on STD prevention. One-third of the physicians in the study asked no risk questions, and over 80% failed to ask the SPE specifically about her sexual practices. Most physicians discussed the risks of STDs and HIV and covered basic recommendations (use condoms and know partners better); however, few physicians provided any individualized information or advice about safer sexual practices and the specifics of condom use, such as how to use them or what kind to use. These observations support the low rates of STD/HIV prevention indicated in physicians' self-report and further identify specific deficiencies in the thoroughness of their risk assessment and preventive counseling practices.     

2005年吉林省农村生活饮用水监测县水质分级评价

目的掌握吉林省农村生活饮用水基本状况，并为农村改水工作提供科学的依据。方法依据“农村实施《生活饮用水卫生标准》准则”，对2005年吉林省农村生活饮用水监测县的枯水期和丰水期水质分别进行分级评价。结果100个监测水点中，枯水期安全饮用水监测点数34个，非安全饮用水监测点数66个；丰水期安全饮水的监测点数66个，非安全饮用水监测点是34个。结论细菌总数和大肠菌群这两项微生物学指标是影响本省农村饮水水质的重要因素。必须进行适当净化和消毒处理，加强对饮水水源的卫生防护，以保障农村居民的身体健康。     

急性心肌梗死自溶现象及其影响因素分析

目的分析急性心肌梗死（AMI）梗死相关血管（IRA）的自溶（SR）现象,探讨SR现象的影响因素。方法连续观察205例未予静脉溶栓治疗,直接行急诊冠状动脉造影的AMI患者,根据TIMI血流分为自溶组（前向血流TIMI 2-3级）和非自溶组（前向血流TIMI 0-1级）,分析其临床和造影特点,并寻求发生SR的影响因素。结果自溶组共49例（23.9%）。与非自溶组比较,一般临床情况差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,但自溶组发生梗死前心绞痛的比例较高（38.8%比22.4%,P〈0.05）。而非自溶组多支病变和存在侧支循环的比例高于自溶组（P〈0.05）。Logistic回归分析则提示多支病变和侧支循环是发生SR现象的独立影响因素。结论SR是AMI患者较常见的现象,其独立影响因素是多支病变和侧支循环。     

畸变产物耳声发射在唇腭裂婴幼儿听力检查中的应用

目的探讨唇腭裂婴幼儿畸变产物耳声发射（distortion product otoacoustic emission,DPOAE）的特点,并将其与听性脑干反应（auditory brainstem response,ABR）阂值检查的结果加以对照,以探讨DPOAE在这类患儿听力检查中的应用价值。方法DPOAE检查63例（126耳）,年龄2个月-42个月,平均11.83个月。其中单纯腭裂组（以下简称腭裂组）23例（46耳）,腭裂并发唇裂及牙槽裂组（以下简称唇腭裂组）30例（60耳）,单纯唇裂组（以下简称唇裂组）10例（20耳）,每耳均检查8个频率,若2-5kHz4个频点有≥3个频点通过即为该耳通过。在上述患儿中,ABR阈值检查腭裂组17例（34耳）,唇腭裂组10例（20耳）,唇裂组6例（12耳）,以能重复引出V波的最小刺激强度为ABR阈值。结果DPOAE检查：腭裂组通过7耳,未通过39耳,通过率为15.22％;唇腭裂组通过6耳,未通过54耳,通过率为10.00％;唇裂组通过18耳,未通过2耳,通过率为90％。统计分析腭裂组与唇腭裂组无显著差异,而腭裂组与唇裂组,唇腭裂组与唇裂组均有显著差异。ABR阈值检查统计分析结果与DPOAE一致。将各组DPOAE通过率与ABR正常率进行比较,腭裂组及唇腭裂组中二者无差异（P〉0.05）,虽然唇裂组中二者有差异（P〈0.05）,但唇裂组ABR阈值反应的听力下降较轻（均≤50dB nHL）。从总体趋势上说,DPOAE与ABR阈值检查在检测的结果上是一致的。结论唇腭裂患儿DPOAE和ABR检测结果一致,与ABR相比,DPOAE具有快速、简便、易实施等特点,因此DPOAE可以作为唇腭裂婴幼儿听力检查的手段,但仍需进一步结合ABR及其他相关的听力检查,以明确听力损害的程度和类型。     

多标签决策树分类在数字医学图像分类中的应用

数字医学图像的分类是数字医学图像挖掘的一个重要内容。传统的医学图像分类一般将图片内容明确归入某一类中,而由于医学图像本身的复杂性,这样分类显然不能满足实际需要。多标签数据的普遍存在性和重要性近些年来逐渐得到关注。它承认真实世界对象的多义性,允许样本同时属于多个类别。对多标签决策树分类算法在医学图像分类中的应用进行了设计,并进行了实验验证。     

气管插管冲洗抢救婴幼儿重症肺炎痰堵20例临床分析

目的:探讨气管插管冲洗在抢救婴幼儿重症肺炎痰堵的治疗效果。方法:在治疗肺炎的基础上,对痰液黏稠,痰堵致呼吸困难的20例婴幼儿重症肺炎行气管插管冲洗、吸痰,开通气道,解除呼吸道阻塞。结果:20例患儿中痊愈19例,1例因就诊时间过晚,插管成功后因多脏器功能衰竭而死亡。结论:气管插管冲洗可迅速开通气道,解除呼吸道痰堵,清理上、下呼吸道分泌物,是改善通气功能,纠正呼吸衰竭和进行辅助呼吸的有效方法。     

Ross手术的临床应用

目的　总结主动脉瓣疾病患者行 Ross手术的临床应用经验。　方法　自 2 0 0 2年 1月至 2 0 0 2年 8月 ,对12例主动脉瓣疾病患者行 Ross手术 ,其中先天性心脏病、主动脉瓣病变 11例 ,老年退行性主动脉瓣狭窄 1例。术前所有患者均经超声心动图 (UCG)检查示主动脉瓣狭窄和 /或关闭不全 (中重度 ) ,均在全身麻醉中度低温体外循环下行 Ross手术。结果　全组患者无手术死亡 ,无并发症 ;术后主动脉瓣跨瓣压差在正常范围 ,左心室舒张期末内径(L VEDD)明显缩小 (P<0 .0 0 1) ,左心室射血分数 (L VEF) 0 .5 5± 0 .14 ,心功能 (NYHA) 级。所有患者均接受随访 ,随访 7天～ 8个月 ,心功能 ～ 级 ,主动脉瓣、肺动脉瓣功能良好。　结论　Ross手术是一种临床疗效较好的治疗主动脉瓣病变的手术方法。     

腹腔镜下扩大性膀胱部分切除联合盆腔淋巴结清扫术治疗脐尿管癌

Objective To discuss the techniques and clinical efficacy of laparoscopic partial cystectomy with bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy for urachal adenocarcinoma. Methods From July 2006 to April 2008, 4 patients with urachal adenocarcinoma were managed by the laparoscopic procedure. Three patients were male, the other one was female, with a median age of 51 (range 42 to 66)years. The mean size of tumors was 3.4(rang 1.9 to 5.4)cm in diameter. Three of them were diagnosed as mucinous adenocarcinoma, the other one was adenocarcinoma. There was 1 patient at stage Ⅱ , and the other three as stage Ⅲ according to Sheldon Stage. Four patients were performed by transperitoneal approach. The boundaries of resection were similar to the open surgery, including resection of the tumor with normal margins, the peritoneum lateral to the two medial unbilical ligaments,the posterior sheath of the rectus muscle and the muscle fibers of the rectus muscle below it, and bilateral pelvic lymphanodes. Results The procedure was successfully in all 4 patients, with a mean operative time of 220(range 150 to 350)min, a mean estimated blood loss of 180 (range 120 to 290)ml.No significant intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred, except for an inferior epigastric artery injury in 1 case. The mean postoperative in-dwelling urinary catheter time was 6 (range 5 to 7)d, and the mean postoperative hospital stay was 6 (range 5 to 8)d. All 36 resected lymph nodes (range 8 to 11) were negative. At a median follow-up of 25(range 15 to 36) months, there was no evidence of recurrent disease by radiologic or cystoscopic evaluation. Conclusion Laparoscopic partial cystectomy and bilateral extended pelvic lymphadenectomy in selected patients with urachal tumors could be a safe, feasible, minimally invasive procedure.