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1.
Endoscopy-assisted ocular surgery is a relatively old technique that is increasingly being recognized for its application in cases of vitreoretinal disease. This technique is especially useful when both the vitreous and retina are difficult to access because of media opacity, a small pupil, or a microcornea. In this context, the anterior vitreous is often difficult to dissect because of its complex pathological changes. This article reviews the common anatomical features and pathologies that are observed in the anterior vitreous, as well as the applications and indications of endoscopy-assisted vitrectomy in the anterior vitreous. 相似文献
2.
AIM: To report outcomes of endoscopy-assisted vitrectomy (EAV) in patients with chronic hypotony following severe ocular trauma or vitrectomy.METHODS: This was a retrospective, noncomparative case series. Ciliary bodies were evaluated using ultrasound biomicroscopy pre-operatively and direct visualisation intraoperatively. All selected individuals (seven patients/seven eyes) underwent EAV. Removal of ciliary membrane and traction, gas/silicone oil tamponade (GT/SOT), and scleral buckling (SB) were performed in selected eyes. Outcome measurements mainly included intraocular pressure (IOP) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA).RESULTS: Seven eyes from 7 male aphakic patients with a mean age of 45 (range, 20-68)y were included in this study; the average follow-up time was 12 (9-15)mo. GT was performed in 2 eyes; membrane peeling (MP) and SOT in 2 eyes; and MP, SOT, and SB in 3 eyes. The mean pre- and post-operative IOP were 4.5 (range, 4.0±0.11 to 4.8±0.2) mm Hg and 9.9 (range, 5.6±0.17 to 12.1±0.2) mm Hg at 52wk (12mo), respectively. BCVA improved in six eyes; one eye still showed light perception, and no bulbi phthisis was observed.CONCLUSION: Endoscopy offers improved judgment and recognition and has an improved prognosis for chronic hypotony. Therefore, endoscopy can be an effective and promising operative technique for chronic traumatic hypotony management. 相似文献
3.
AIM: To investigate the changes in vitreous gel structure after lens extirpation combined with anterior vitrectomy in rabbit eyes.
METHODS: Twenty-eight chinchilla rabbits were divided into three groups. The control group (Group I) included 16 eyes from eight rabbits who did not receive any treatment. Group II included 20 eyes from 10 rabbits that underwent lens aspiration only. Group III included 20 eyes from 10 rabbits that underwent lens aspiration combined with posterior capsulotomy and anterior vitrectomy. Eyes were harvested on the 30th and 60th day postoperatively, respectively. Changes in vitreous gel stretch length due to gravity and the rate of vitreous liquefaction were observed. The collagen content in the vitreous body was examined using the L-hydroxyproline test. Electronic microscopic images were obtained from each eyeball.
RESULTS: On both the 30th and 60th day postoperatively, the vitreous gel length of group III was significantly shorter than group I and group II (P<0.05), while the rate of liquefaction of the vitreous body in group III was significantly higher than group I and group II (P<0.05). The collagen content in group III was also higher than that in group I and group II (P<0.05).
CONCLUSION: Loss of vitreous gel mass is more likely to occur in the eyes of rabbits receiving anterior vitrectomy. Lensectomy combined with anterior vitrectomy may damage the stable three-dimensional mesh structure of collagen, which could aggravate vitreous gel liquefaction. 相似文献
4.
目的:观察巩膜瓣下25G前段玻璃体切除术在超声乳化联合小梁切除术治疗极浅前房青光眼合并白内障中的安全性及有效性。 方法:回顾性分析18例18眼青光眼合并白内障患者(8例男性,10例女性),其中11眼为原发性急性闭角型青光眼,7眼为晶状体半脱位继发青光眼。所有患者经保守治疗后眼压不能控制,均接受白内障超声乳化并人工晶状体植入术、小梁切除术及巩膜瓣下前段玻璃体切除术。主要观察指标为最佳矫正视力、前房深度、眼压、裂隙灯显微镜、降眼压药物、眼底及并发症情况。 结果:患者平均眼轴为21.5±0.6 mm,平均年龄为62.3±7.9岁。术前平均前房深度0.78±0.43 mm,术后1wk平均前房深度2.89±0.41 mm(P<0.001)。术后1wk平均眼压16.72±6.28 mmHg,较术前平均眼压43.28±9.38 mmHg显著下降(P<0.001)。均未发生如眼内炎、视网膜脱离、脉络膜上腔出血、角膜内皮失代偿、恶性青光眼等并发症。 结论:巩膜瓣下25G前段玻璃体切除术在超声乳化联合小梁切除术治疗极浅前房青光眼合并白内障是安全有效的。 相似文献
5.
目的:探讨青光眼白内障联合人工晶状体植入术(三联手术)后浅前房的原因及手术治疗。方法:青光眼白内障联合人工晶状体植入术后浅前房患者17例17眼,术后出现浅前房的时间20d~4mo,平均1.6±0.5mo;术前眼压28.2~43.3(平均33.2±5.7)mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa);视力:<0.05者7眼,0.05~者5眼,0.1~0.3者3眼,>0.3者2眼。有明显瞳孔后粘连者16眼。3眼行单纯无灌注前段玻璃体切割术,14眼行无灌注前段玻璃体切割+6∶00位虹膜根部切除术,其中2眼行二次以上手术,随访12mo。结果:术后一次性前房形成率88.2%(15/17),需行二次手术11.8%(2/17);视力:<0.05者3眼,0.05~者2眼,0.1~0.3者7眼,>0.3者5眼;术后平均眼压14.7±3.4mmHg,所有患者均无浅前房、滤过泡渗漏、脉络膜脱离及脉络膜上腔出血等严重并发症发生。结论:瞳孔后粘连是三联手术后浅前房的主要原因,无灌注前段玻璃体切割+虹膜根部切除术是治疗三联手术后浅前房的有效、可靠方法。 相似文献
7.
Purpose:To study the outcome of removal of retained intraocular foreign bodies (RIOFBs) via limbus using 23-gauge transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy (TSV). Materials and Methods:In this prospective, non-comparative interventional case series, fourteen eyes of 14 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled. They underwent 23-gauge TSV for management of posterior segment RIOFB and reviewed at 1 day, 7 days, 6 weeks, 3, 6 and 12 months. Eyes with penetrating eye injury involving cornea or limbus (corneal injury not so severe to hinder vitrectomy), cataract associated with anterior and/or posterior capsular tear requiring cataract surgery and posterior segment RIOFB with minimal posterior segment involvement were included. Main outcome measures include success in removal of RIOFB without enlarging sclerotomy, ability to preserve capsular support, improvement in visual acuity and complications, if any. Results:All eyes underwent the successful RIOFB removal through limbal port without enlarging scleral ports. None of the eyes required suturing of the sclera, cornea or conjunctiva. Anterior capsular rim could be preserved in all eyes except one. Postoperatively follow up ranged from one year in 8, 6 months in 4 and 3 months in 2 eyes. The mean logMAR visual acuity at 3, 6, and 12 months showed significant improvement. There were no intraoperative complications. Postoperative complications include microscopic hyphema and loose blood in vitreous cavity in one eye. Conclusion:The advantages of 23-gauge TSV for removal of RIOFB may be passed on to select cases. RIOFB removal through limbal route obviated the need for scleral port enlargement and preserved capsular support for early visual rehabilitation. 相似文献
8.
Fifteen patients (16 eyes) with persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHPV) were followed from one to four years. All but one of the nine eyes in the nonsurgical group showed progressive deterioration. A closed intraocular microsurgical (ClOM) approach posterior to the limbus was used in seven eyes. Three intraoperative complications involving the retina occurred because the retina in these cases inserted directly into the pars plicata and due to the presence of a thick, wellformed vitreous gel. Anterior placement of incisions is recommended to avoid intraoperative complications in small eyes. Early CIOM management is suggested in selected cases of PHPV to prevent progressive deterioration leading to phthisis and to afford reasonable cosmetic improvements. 相似文献
9.
目的:探讨玻璃体切除联合晶状体切除保留前囊膜同时植入人工晶状体的临床疗效。方法:玻璃体视网膜病变同时伴有晶状体混浊46例46眼,术中采用经睫状体平坦部切口切除晶状体,保留前囊膜,并行玻璃体切除,Ⅰ期植入人工晶状体。结果:所有患者视力均有不同程度提高,部分患者复查时前囊膜出现不同程度混浊,行YAG激光切开。结论:玻璃体切除联合晶状体切除保留前囊膜Ⅰ期植入人工晶状体,保留了眼内正常解剖结构,减少了术中及术后并发症,视力恢复良好。 相似文献
10.
目的:探讨前房灌注下玻璃体切割术后无晶状体眼Ⅱ期人工晶状体(IOL)缝线固定术的方法及疗效。 方法:对30例30眼玻璃体切割术后6~12mo无晶状体眼的患者行前房灌注下后房人工晶状体缝线固定术,术后随访1.5a。 结果:患者30例30眼在前房灌注下,成功实施了后房缝线固定IOL植入术,术中出现睫状体出血1例,术后玻璃体出血1例,脉络膜脱离2例。所有患者术后视力均得到提高,视力≥0.3者24例(80%),其中视力≥0.5者8例(27%); 视力<0.3者6例(20%),其中视力<0.1者2例(7%)。 结论:前房灌注下行此类手术,术中眼压控制稳定,手术效果可靠,术后并发症少,是治疗玻璃体切割术后无晶状体眼、恢复视功能的可靠手术方法。 相似文献
11.
Diagnostic anterior chamber and vitreous aspiration confirmed an infectious etiology in 78 of 140 eyes (56%) with suspected endophthalmitis. In 27 eyes the vitreous aspirate was positive, while the anterior chamber aspirate was negative. Intraocular antibiotics were used in 88 eyes including 50 which underwent therapeutic vitrectomy. Vision of 20/20 to 20/400 was achieved in 57% of recently operated, culture-positive eyes treated with intraocular antibiotics, and in 59% of those treated with combined vitrectomy and intraocular antibiotics. 相似文献
12.
目的:观察小梁切除术结合眼内窥镜技术下前部玻璃体切割术联合视网膜激光光凝术治疗晚期新生血管性青光眼的疗效。方法:对2012-07/2013-07期间在我院住院的15例15眼伴光感以上视力的新生血管性青光眼患者使用小梁切除术结合眼内窥镜技术下前部玻璃体切割术联合视网膜激光光凝术治疗的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:所有患者出院后随访6 mo。15例15眼术后1 wk眼压12.53±3.73mmHg (1mmHg=0.133kPa),较术前眼压58.81±5.91 mmHg 明显降低,差异有统计学意义( P<0.05),术后1mo患者平均眼压18.26±4.31mmHg,术后3mo患者平均眼压17.06±3.65mmHg,术后6mo患者平均眼压16.13±3.66mmHg,患者术后随访各时段的眼压与术前比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后视力提高2例2眼(13%),无变化者11例11眼(73%),视力下降者2例2眼(13%)。随访中有4例4眼眼压增高,使用1~2种降眼压眼药水及局部按摩眼球使得患者眼压<21 mmHg。术后眼部疼痛症状明显缓解。15例15眼虹膜及房角新生血管均有不同程度回退。术后随访眼部B超检查未见眼球萎缩、脉络膜及视网膜脱离。结论:小梁切除术结合眼内窥镜技术下前部玻璃体切割术联合视网膜激光光凝术治疗晚期新生血管性青光眼,能有效降低眼压,挽救患者残存视力,解除疼痛,为一种较安全而有效的治疗方法。 相似文献
13.
Penetrating ocular injuries involving posterior segment structures have a poor prognosis when treated by conventional methods because of secondary complications including intraocular fibrous proliferation and vitreoretinal traction with retinal detachment. Recent models using laboratory animals have further elucidated the pathogenetic mechanisms leading to these structural complications. This paper reviews the rationale, technique, and results of vitreous surgery in early management of eyes with severe posterior segment penetrating injuries and compares these results with conventional methods of management. 相似文献
14.
Purpose:To evaluate ocular tolerance of methylated collagen gel injected intravitreally and into the anterior chamber. Methods: Methylated collagen (type I/III) was tested in New Zealand white rabbits. Vitreous cavity: After pars plana vitrectomy, methylated collagen gel was injected intravitreally. The eyes were examined clinically; electroretinogram recordings were made before and after surgery. Vitreous samples were taken for immunological analysis for the presence of the injected collagen. The rabbits were sacrificed 6 months after surgery; the retina was evaluated by light microscopy. Anterior chamber: In another group of rabbits, methylated collagen gel (0.2 ml, 0.1 ml, or 0.05 ml) was injected into the anterior chamber after paracentesis. The eyes were examined with a slit lamp; intraocular pressure was measured postinjection. The rabbits were sacrificed after 4 months; the corneas were evaluated histologically. Results: Vitreous cavity: The fundus view was clear for 6 months after intravitreal injection. Scotopic and photopic electroretinograms were normal in 6/7 eyes; one eye experienced a mild decrease one month postoperatively. No abnormal changes were found in the retinal histology. Anterior chamber: Some corneas were hazy and edematous around the injection site for one week. The injected collagen appeared in bundles, patches, and little pieces in the anterior chamber with precipitates on the corneal endothelium, pupillary margin, and the anterior capsule of the lens. The collagen diminished gradually, without causing permanent opacity. Histologically, the corneal endothelium in the eye which received 0.2 ml collagen showed a mild distention of the mitochondriae and vesicle formation between endothelial cells under transmission electron microscope. Conclusion: Methylated collagen gel was tolerated by the eye after intravitreal injection. Localized temporary clinical and mild ultrastructural corneal changes were observed after anterior chamber injection. 相似文献
15.
Tuberous sclerosis classically presents a triad of mental deficiency, seizures and adenoma sebaceum. Among the ocular manifestations are astrocytic hamartomas in the retina. This paper describes the case of a 24-year-old man with tuberous sclerosis who had recurrent vitreous hemorrhage from a large epipapillary astrocytic hamartoma in the left eye. Pars plana vitrectomy cleared the vitreous and bimanual bipolar coagulation of tumor bleeding points was done. Fragments of the friable tumor were obtained with the vitrectomy instrument and were prepared for tissue culture, histology, and electron microscopy. Although pars plana vitrectomy offers certain advantages over other methods of biopsy, it does present a danger of extraocular seeding of malignant cells; therefore, it is not recommended in cases with probable intraocular malignancy. 相似文献
16.
Silicone oil (SO) still represents the main choice for long-term intraocular tamponade in complicated vitreoretinal surgery. This review compared the complications associated with the use of SO and other vitreous substitutes after pars plana vitrectomy in patients with different underlying diseases. Meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. We retrieved randomized clinical trials (RCTs), retrospective case–control and cohort studies evaluating the risk of using SO, published between 1994 and 2020, conducting a computer-based search of the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Embase. Primary outcome was the rate of complications such as intraocular hypertension, retinal re-detachment, unexpected vision loss or hypotony. Secondary outcome was to compare the rate of adverse events of different SO viscosities, especially emulsification. Forty-three articles were included. There were significant differences in intraocular hypertension (p = 0.0002, OR = 1.66; 95% CI = 1.27–2.18) and the rate of retinal re-detachment (p < 0.0009, OR = 0.65; 95% CI = 0.50–0.64) between SO and other agents, including placebo. However, there were no differences in other complication rates. Silicone oil (SO)-emulsification rate was non-significantly higher in low than high SO viscosity, and results from other complications were comparable in both groups. The high quality of most of the studies included in this study is noteworthy, which provides some certainty to the conclusions. Among them is the high variability of the SO residence time. The fact that ocular hypertension and not hypotension is related to SO use. A clear relationship is not found for the so-called unexplained vision loss, which affects a significant percentage of eyes. Re-detachment cases are less if SO is used and that surprisingly there does not seem to be a relationship in the percentage of emulsification between the low- and high-viscosity silicones. All these data warrant more standardized prospective studies. 相似文献
17.
目的探讨玻璃体切除术治疗玻璃体积血的临床疗效。方法采用玻璃体切除术治疗的玻璃体积血58例(58眼)。分析玻璃体积血的病因,并观察玻璃体切除术后视力变化和并发症。结果本组主要病因为视网膜静脉阻塞和视网膜静脉周围炎;视力在0.01~0.05者术前为6眼(10.35%),术后1周为35眼(60.35%),随访2~4月的50例中为33眼(66.00%)。术中并发症有医源性裂孔和眼内出血;术后并发症有玻璃体再次积血,视网膜脱离,晶状体浑浊等。结论对药物治疗不能吸收的玻璃体积血施行玻璃体切除术后视力可显著提高,术中术后并发症少。 相似文献
18.
目的:观察不同原因导致玻璃体积血玻璃体切割的疗效及年龄等相关因素对玻璃体切割手术疗效影响。方法:回顾性分析76例通过玻璃体切割手术治疗的玻璃体积血患者76眼的资料,按玻璃体积血原因、发病年龄和玻璃体积血时间分组,并进行统计学分析。结果:在导致玻璃体积血原因中,糖尿病性视网膜病变(增生性)患者31例(41%),孔源性视网膜脱离24例(32%),视网膜分支静脉阻塞10例(13%),视网膜中央静脉阻塞3例(4%)。视网膜血管炎2例(3%),眼球钝挫伤2例(3%),单纯玻璃体积血2例(3%),增生性玻璃体视网膜病变1例(1%),息肉样脉络膜血管病变1例(1%)。各年龄组病因构成存在统计学差异(χ2=21.89,P<0.01)。年龄<45岁的青年组中,有26例,孔源性视网膜脱离导致玻璃体积血患者最多,共11例,占42%。年龄在45~59的中年组中,有19例,孔源性视网膜脱离导致玻璃体积血患者最多,共9例,占47%。年龄>60的老年组中,有31例,糖尿病性视网膜病变(增生性)导致玻璃体积血患者最多,共24例,占77%。在玻璃体积血时间分组中,各时间组术后视力存在统计学差异(χ2=2037,P<001)。1mo组共26例,术后视力主要为>0.3,共13例,占50%。2mo组共24例,术后视力主要为0.1~0.3,共10例,占42%。3mo组共11例,术后视力主要为0.01~0.09,共5例,占45%。>3mo组共15例,术后视力0.01~0.09和0.1~0.3,各6例,分别占40%。结论:糖尿病性视网膜病变(增生性)、孔源性视网膜脱离和视网膜分支静脉阻塞是导致玻璃体积血的主要原因。玻璃体切割手术治疗玻璃体积血安全有效,可以在一定程度上提高患者视力。玻璃体积血患者在1~2mo内手术,疗效较好。 相似文献
19.
目的 探索将全部玻璃体切除的方法在眼外伤手术中应用的价值及效果。方法 回顾性序列病例研究。85例(85眼)眼外伤中,闭合性眼外伤17例,开放性眼外伤68例。其中眼内异物伤3 2例、巨大裂孔17例和外伤性视网膜脱离3 4例。增生性玻璃体视网膜病变分级:A级6例,B级8例,C级8例,D级12例。采用标准经睫状体平坦部三通道玻璃体切除术,并通过巩膜压陷法切除基底部玻璃体。结果 在无晶状体眼和有晶状体眼,充分全玻璃体切除术78例,部分全玻璃体切除7例。最终随访81例,初次手术成功73例(90 . 12 %) ,再次玻璃体视网膜手术4例,最终视网膜保持平复77例(95 . 0 6%)。视力在0 . 0 6以上者42眼,与术前相比差异具有非常显著意义(P <0 . 0 0 5 )。结论 眼外伤手术中全玻璃体切除技术切实可行,可减少玻璃体残留所致的并发症,提高手术效果。 相似文献
20.
目的:观察及探讨超声乳化白内障术中后囊膜破裂或晶状体悬韧带离断致玻璃体脱出使用前段玻璃体切除术的疗效及并发症。方法:回顾性分析28例35眼白内障患者在超声乳化人工晶状体植入术中出现后囊膜破裂或晶状体悬韧带离断致玻璃体脱出时采用前段玻璃体切除术的处理过程,观察术后视力及并发症,总结经验体会。结果:通过前段玻璃体切除术,及时、准确处理超声乳化白内障手术中后囊膜破裂或悬韧带离断致玻璃体脱出,效果较为满意。结论:前段玻璃体切除术对超声乳化白内障手术中后囊膜破裂或悬韧带离断致玻璃体脱出疗效好,并无严重并发症的发生,是一种行之有效的手术方式。 相似文献
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