紫外分光光度法测定氯麻滴鼻液的含量

目的：建立氯麻滴鼻液中氯霉素和盐酸麻黄碱的含量测定方法。方法：采用双波长分光光度法同时测定氯麻滴鼻液中氯霉素和盐酸麻黄碱的含量。结果：氯霉素的平均回收率为99．8％，RSD为0．3％(n=6)；盐酸麻黄碱的平均回收率为100．3％，RSD为0．6％(n=6)。结论：本法简便、准确，符合医院制剂快速检验的要求。     

HPLC法测定麻黄中盐酸麻黄碱的含量

目的：建立麻黄中盐酸麻黄碱的含量测定方法。方法：采用高效液相色谱法，以C18为固定相，流动相为乙腈-含0．1％三乙胺、0．1％磷酸的水溶液(4：100)，检测波长为210nm。结果：盐酸麻黄碱进样量在0．4224～4．224％范围内与峰面积有良好的线性关系，r=0．9999，平均回收率为97．1％(RSD=2．3％，n=6)。结论：本法专属性强、重现性好。     

复方利巴韦林滴鼻液的制备及质量控制

目的：对复方利巴韦林滴鼻液的制备及质控方法进行研究。方法：参照同类制剂，选择利巴韦林及盐酸麻黄碱作为主药，辅以甘油、氯化钠、苯扎溴铵配成滴鼻液，分别采用分光光度法测定利巴韦林含量，中和法测定盐酸麻黄碱含量。结果：利巴韦林的平均回收率为99．9％(RSD=0．2％)，盐酸麻黄碱的平均回收率为100．2％(RSD=0．3％)。结论：本制剂制备工艺简单，稳定性好，含量测定方法简便易行，结果准确，适用于医院制剂室配制和进行质量控制。     

HPLC法同时测定复方可待因口服溶液中磷酸可待因、盐酸麻黄碱、盐酸曲普利啶的含量

目的 建立同时测定复方可待因口服溶液中磷酸可待因、盐酸麻黄碱、盐酸曲普利啶3组分含量的高效液相色谱法。方法 采用Hypersil-BDSCN柱，流动相为乙腈-0．4％乙酸铵溶液-三乙胺(30：70: 0．2)，流速为1．0ml／min，检测波长257nm，外标法计算。结果 线性范围分别是磷酸可待因125～l000μg／ml，r=0．9999，盐酸麻黄碱75～600μg／ml，r=0．9996；盐酸曲普利啶18～140μg／ml，r=0．9997。回收率分别为磷酸可待因99．9％、盐酸麻黄碱99．7％、盐酸曲普利啶100．3％。结论 本方法分离效果好，辅料无干扰，快速，简便，适合于该制剂3组分的同时测定。     

诺麻滴鼻液的制备与质量控制

目的：诺麻滴鼻液的制备工艺及质量控制方法。方法：采用紫外分光光度法测定诺氟沙星的含量，测定波长335nm。旋光法测定盐酸麻黄碱的含量。结果：诺氟沙星的标准曲线回归方程为C＝23．7248A＋0．01708，r=0.9998，平均回收率为100．6％，RSD为1．0％（n=5)，旋光法测定盐酸麻黄碱的含量，平均回收率为99．93％，RSD1．16％（n=5)。结论：该制剂处方及制法简便可行，用紫外分光光度法测定诺氟沙星和旋光法测定盐酸麻黄碱的含量，可消除相互间的干扰，方法专一，重现性好。     

紫外分光光度法测定氯麻滴鼻液的含量

目的 建立氯麻滴鼻液中氯霉素和盐酸麻黄碱的含量测定方法。方法 采用双波长分光光度法消除组分间干扰进行含量测定。结果 方法的线性关系良好，氯霉素平均回收率为100．4％，B5D为0．5％(n＝6)；盐酸麻黄碱平均回收率为99．7％，RSD为1．3％(n=6)。结论 本法简便、快速、准确。     

盐酸麻黄素油滴鼻液的质量控制

目的为提高盐酸麻黄油滴鼻液的质量标准,建立样品中盐酸麻黄碱含量测定方法。方法采用微量滴定法测定样品中的盐酸麻黄碱含量。结果样品中盐酸麻黄碱的线性范围为0．2％～2％（2～16mg／mL）,线性方程Y=0．004X＋0．000（r=0．998）,平均回收率为98．89％（n=9,RSD=0．58％）。结论方法快速简便,准确可靠,灵敏度高,可用于盐酸麻黄油滴鼻液的质量控制。     

HPLC法测定抗感口服液中麻黄碱含量

目的：建立抗感口服液中盐酸麻黄碱的含量测定方法。方法：采用高效液相色谱法，以C18为固定相，流动相为磷酸二氢钠0．25mol／L(用磷酸调节PH=3．5)水溶液-甲醇(70：30)，检测波长为214nm。结果：盐酸麻黄碱进样量在0～0．576mg／ml范围内与峰面积有良好的线性关系，r=0．9990，平均回收率RSD=0．31％。结论：本法专属性强、重现性好。     

双波长分光光度法测定氯麻滴鼻液中盐酸麻黄碱的含量

目的：探讨测定氯麻滴鼻液中盐酸麻黄碱含量的方法。方法：采用双波长等吸收分光光度法不经分离直接测定盐酸麻黄碱的含量，测定波长为256．9nm，参比波长为301．0nm。结果：平均回收率为99．63％，RSD为0．46％(n=5)。结论：双波长分光光度法快速、简便，结果准确，适用于氯麻滴鼻液的质量控制。     

电导法测定盐酸麻黄碱含量

为了寻找一种简便易行的测定盐酸麻黄碱含量的方法，以NaOH滴定液滴定盐酸麻黄碱，测定其电导率。然后以滴定液的体积为横坐标，以电导率为纵坐标进行回归，得两条直线，求其等当点，从而计算出盐酸麻黄碱的百分含量，其平均回收率为97．4％，RSD=0．9％。结果表明，可以用电导滴定法来进行盐酸麻黄碱的含量测定。     

0.5%盐酸麻黄碱滴鼻液含量测定方法研究

目的　建立 0 .5 %盐酸麻黄碱滴鼻液的含量测定方法。方法　比较旋光度法 ,酸碱滴定法 ,两种测定 0 .5 %盐酸麻黄碱滴鼻液的方法 ,挑选一种最佳的含量测定方法。结果　旋光度法在 2 .5～ 2 0mg/mL之间线性关系良好 (r=0 .99998) ,平均回收率为 10 0 .8% ,RSD =0 .0 5 4 %。结论　旋光度法简便快速 ,结果可靠可用于测定 0 .5 %盐酸麻黄碱滴鼻液。     

Anorectic effect of ephedrine

1. Different doses of ephedrine (3.1-50 mg kg-1) were given intraperitoneally to rats and found to decrease food intake dose-dependently. 2. The anorectic effect of ephedrine was decreased by animal pretreatment with pimozide, but phenoxybenzamine, propranolol and methergoline did not decrease the response. 3. The results show that the anorexia produced by ephedrine may be due to indirect dopaminergic mechanism of the drug.     

新麻滴鼻液中盐酸麻黄碱与硫酸新霉素的含量测定

目的:建立新麻滴鼻液中盐酸麻黄碱和硫酸新霉素的含量测定方法.方法:用高效液相色谱法测定样品中盐酸麻黄碱的含量;用分光光度法测定样品中硫酸新霉素的含量.结果:盐酸麻黄碱在0.05～1.50 g·L-1范围内线性关系良好,r=0.999 8,平均回收率为101.28%(RSD≤1.16%);硫酸新霉素在60～420 IU·mL-1范围内线性关系较好,r=0.999 0,平均回收率为102.19%(RSD≤2.74%).结论:所建立的测定方法准确、重复性好、实用.     

复方麻可滴鼻液中醋酸可的松盐酸麻黄素的含量测定

目的采用分光光度法测定复方麻可滴鼻液中醋酸可的松、盐酸麻黄素的含量.方法利用先分离后测定方法.结果测得醋酸可的松方法回收率为100.00%,RSD为0.34%;盐酸麻黄素方法回收率为99.99%,RSD为0.72%.结论测定结果满意.     

Determinations of ephedrine in mixtures of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine using diffuse reflectance infrared spectroscopy

There are a number of situations where there is a need to determine the concentrations of components in solid-state mixtures without dissolving the sample. Diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) coupled with partial-least-squares (PLS) data analysis has been used to determine the minor component in a mixture of structurally similar solid-state compounds, in this case mixtures of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine. Factors that limit the precision and accuracy of the determinations are discussed. It is shown that when care is taken to produce homogeneous calibration samples very good results can be obtained, in this case cross-validated standard error of predictions of 0.74 wt% when the minor component spanned the concentration range of 0-50 wt%, and 0.11 wt% when the minor component spanned the concentration range of 0-5 wt%. Results are presented that indicate that the amount of data available to the PLS calibration routine relative to the range over which the calibration is performed can limit the precision and accuracy of the determinations.     

RP-HPLC法测定麻黄配方颗粒中麻黄碱和伪麻黄碱的含量

目的：建立用反相高效液相色谱法测定麻黄配方颗粒中麻黄碱和伪麻黄碱含量。方法：采用BonChrom—C18柱。流动相为乙腈-0．02mol/L磷酸二氢钾-磷酸（5：95：0．1）,柱温为35℃,检测波长为207nm,流速为1．0ml／min。结果：盐酸麻黄碱线性范围0．03305-0．3966μg,r=0．9999,平均回收率为100．42％,RSD为1．78％（n=6）;盐酸伪麻黄碱的线性范围为0．023～0．276μg,r=0．9997,平均回收率为99．27％,RSD为2．05％（n=6）。结论：本法重复性好,可作为麻黄配方颗粒中麻黄碱和伪麻黄碱的定量分析方法。     

Modelling the cardiovascular effects of ephedrine

AIMS: Recent reports have called into question the safety of ephedra supplements especially with regards to their cardiovascular effects. The purpose of this analysis was to characterize, via pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modelling, the cardiovascular effects of ephedrine, the main active ingredient of ephedra, in apparently healthy, overweight volunteers. METHODS: In a randomized, double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled study, eight subjects received either placebo, 0.25, 0.5 or 1.0 mg kg(-1) ephedrine sulphate by mouth with a 7-day washout between treatments. Plasma ephedrine concentrations, heart rate and blood pressure were determined for 8 h postdose. RESULTS: The pharmacokinetics of ephedrine were best described by a one-compartment model with first-order absorption and elimination. The percentage change in heart rate was described by a linear model with a resulting slope of 0.14%.l microg(-1) (CV = 59%). The percentage change in systolic blood pressure demonstrated clockwise hysteresis, and a sigmoidal tolerance model was used to describe the data. The mean maximum predicted effect (Emax) was 53.7% (CV = 41%) with an EC50 of 107 microg.l(-1) (CV = 65%) and an inhibitory maximum (Imax) of 39.8% (CV = 60%). Tolerance developed with a mean half-life of 15 min (range 6-140 min). CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to apply a comprehensive pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model to the cardiovascular effects of orally administered ephedrine. Although systolic blood pressure increases quickly after administration, the increase is nearly abolished by compensatory mechanisms.