乳腺癌组织中nm23、PS2蛋白的表达及临床意义

目的探讨乳腺癌组织中的nm23蛋白、PS2蛋白表达及其临床意义。方法采用免疫组化SP法检测63例乳腺癌组织与56例乳腺良性疾病组织中的nm23蛋白、PS2蛋白,分析nm23蛋白与PS2蛋白表达与患者年龄、组织学分级、临床分期、腋窝淋巴结转移、ER表达及预后的关系。结果nm23蛋白在乳腺癌组织中表达阳性率为76．19％（48／63）,与患者年龄无相关性（P〉0．05）,与组织学分级、临床分期、淋巴结转移及ER相关（P均〈0．05）。PS2蛋白在乳腺癌组织中表达阳性率为66．67％（42／63）,与临床分期无相关性（P〉0．05）,与年龄、组织学分级、淋巴结转移及ER表达相关。nm23蛋白和PS2蛋白在乳腺良性疾病中的表达均高于在乳腺癌组织中的表达水平。nm23蛋白与PS2蛋白均阳性的乳腺癌患者预后明显优于均阴性的乳腺癌患者（P〈0．05）。结论nm23蛋白、PS2蛋白可以作为预测乳腺癌预后的指标。     

DNA修复基因Hrad51和转移抑制基因nm23在乳腺肿瘤中的表达及生物学意义

目的 探讨DNA 修复基因Hrad51和转移抑制基因nm23 在乳腺肿瘤中的表达及生物学意义.方法 应用S-P免疫组化法,分别检测了Hrad51 蛋白和nm23蛋白在乳腺癌、乳腺纤维腺瘤、乳腺小叶增生、导管上皮不典型增生、腺癌癌旁正常组织中的表达情况.结果 (1) Hrad51蛋白和nm23蛋白在乳腺癌组的表达与乳腺纤维腺瘤、乳腺小叶增生、导管上皮不典型增生、腺癌癌旁正常组织中的表达存在显著差异(均P＜0.01);(2) 乳腺癌中hrda51蛋白的阳性表达与肿瘤组织分级呈正相关(P＜0.01),与nm23、ER、PR的阳性表达呈负相关(均P＜0.01).(3) 乳腺癌中nm23的阳性表达与肿瘤组织分级呈负相关(P＜0.01),与ER的阳性表达呈正相关(P＜0.05),与PR的阳性表达无相关性(P＞0.05).(4) 乳腺癌发生淋巴结转移与nm23、ER的阳性表达呈负相关(均P＜0.01),与Hrad51的阳性表达呈正相关(P＜0.01),与PR的阳性表达无相关性(P＞0.05).结论 (1)Hrad51蛋白在不同病变乳腺组织中呈现不同表达,在乳腺癌组织中存在高度表达;(2)nm23蛋白也在不同病变乳腺组织中呈现不同表达,在乳腺癌组织中存在低表达;(3)检测Hrad51 蛋白和nm23蛋白的表达情况有望成为评价乳腺癌患者预后的一个新指标.     

乳腺癌组织中CD147、p-ERK、nm23的表达变化及意义

目的观察细胞外基质金属蛋白酶诱导因子(CD147)、磷酸化细胞外信号调节激酶(p-ERK)及肿瘤抑制因子(nm23)在乳腺癌组织中的表达变化及意义。方法采用免疫组化二步法检测70例乳腺浸润性导管癌(IDC组)、20例导管内癌组织(DCIS组)及10例乳腺腺病组织(腺病组)中的CD147、p-ERK及nm23蛋白,并分析其与乳腺癌临床病理参数的关系。结果 CD147、p-ERK蛋白阳性表达率IDC组>DCIS组>腺病组,nm23蛋白阳性表达率IDC组相似文献   

nm23-H_1与P~(53)基因在人乳腺癌组织中的表达及其与预后的关系

乳腺癌的发生和发展受多基因的协同作用,有关P~(53)基因及nm23-H_1基因与肿瘤转移的研究已有报道,但其在乳腺癌组织中表达的变化规律、在淋巴结转移中的作用以及二者表达的相互关系报道甚少。本文采用免疫组化方法检测了56例乳腺癌患者癌组织中nm23-H_1及P~(53)的表达情况,旨在探讨其与乳腺癌预后的关系。1 临床资料1.1 一般资料 收集1993～1995年新乡医学院第一附属医院病理科乳腺组织标本共76份,全部标本均经10％中性福尔马林固定,常规石蜡切片,HE染     

原发性肝细胞癌中P21WAF-1、p53与nm23的表达及意义

目的 探讨p21WAF-1、p53与nm23蛋白在原发性肝细胞癌（HCC）中的表达及意义。方法 应用免疫组化S-P法检测72例HCC和85例非癌肝组织中p21WAF-1、p53与nm23蛋白的表达，并分析它们之间的关系及其与HCC临床、病理特征的关系。结果 HCC组织中的p21WAF-1、p53与nm23蛋白表达率均与非癌组织有显著性差异（P〈0．01）。p21WAF-1及nm23在Ⅰ、Ⅱ期HCC中表达率与Ⅲ、Ⅳ期有明显差异。p53及nm23表达率在HCC无转移组与转移组有明显差异（P〈0．05，〈0．01）。结论 p21WAF-1、p53高表达，nm23低表达均在HCC的发生发展中起作用；联合检测p21WAF-1、p53与nm23蛋白指标有助于判断HCC患者预后。     

P选择素和nm23蛋白在胃癌中的表达及其意义

采用免疫组化检测52例胃癌组织中P选择素和nm23蛋白表达,结果与正常胃黏膜组织比较,胃癌组织P选择素表达阳性率增高,nm23蛋白表达阳性率降低(P均＜0.01);胃癌组织中P选择素和nmZ23蛋白表达与浸润深度、淋巴结转移和TNM分期有关(P均＜0.05),P选择素和nm23蛋白表达呈显著负相关(r=-0.72,P＜0.01).认为联合检测P选择素和nm23蛋白对评估胃癌浸润深度、淋巴结转移程度和TNM分期可能有一定价值.     

原发性肝细胞癌中CD44v6和nm23H1基因的转录表达及临床意义

研究CD44v6 mRNA和nm23H1 mRNA表达与肝细胞癌（HCC）侵袭转移和预后的关系。应用原位杂交方法，检测分析HCC组织中CD44v6 mRNA和nm23H mRNA表达。99例HCC中，CD44v6 mRNA和nm23H1 mRNA表达阳性率分别为41．4％和76．8％。CD44v6mRNA表达与nm23H1mRNA表达呈负相关。CD44v6和nm23HmRNA表达均与HCC侵袭转移倾向和预后相关。检测CD44v6和nm23H1表达有可能成为HCC 侵袭转移和预后判断的病理生物学指标。     

子宫内膜癌组织中p27蛋白和细胞周期素E的表达及意义

采用免疫组化法检测p27蛋白和细胞周期素(cyclin)E蛋白在20例正常子宫内膜(正常组)、20例子宫内膜复合性增生或不典型增生(增生组)及48例子宫内膜癌(内膜癌组)组织中的表达.结果正常组p27蛋白表达阳性率显著高于增生组和内膜癌组(P均<0.01);cyclin E阳性表达率显著低于增生组和内膜癌组,仅与内膜癌组有差异(P<0.01).认为p27蛋白、cyclinE的表达与子宫内膜癌组织的分化程度、浸润深度有关;cyclinE的表达与病理分型有关;p27蛋白、cyclinE的表达呈负相关(P<0.01).认为子宫内膜癌组织中p27蛋白表达下调,cyclinE表达升高.p27、cyclinE相互作用参与子宫内膜癌的发生发展过程.     

nm23、ki67在恶性淋巴瘤中的表达及意义

采用免疫组化SP法检测60例淋巴瘤、20例反应性淋巴结炎和20例正常淋巴结组织中的nm23、ki67，并分析两者与临床病理参数的关系。结果在正常淋巴组织中nm23、ki67呈低水平表达。随淋巴瘤恶性程度的提高nm23和ki67的表达均增强（P〈0．01）。Nm23、ki67的高表达与患者年龄大、恶性程度高、临床分期高、结外累计部位数多及乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）增高有关（P均〈0．01）。两者的表达水平呈正相关（r=0．756，P〈0．01）。认为恶性淋巴瘤组织中nm23、ki67表达升高，其表达水平可反映淋巴瘤的恶性程度。     

胰腺癌中nm23基因的表达

目的：探讨nm23基因及蛋白在胰腺癌中的表达水平及其与转移的关系。方法：用Northern blot分析、原位杂交及免疫组织化学法分别对16例正常胰腺及29例胰腺癌中的nm23基因及蛋白的表达进行检测。结果：nm23在胰腺癌组织中的表达高于正常胰腺组织，无转移的胰腺癌组织nm23表达高于有转移的胰腺癌组织，结论：nm23与胰腺癌的转移和恶化密切相关。     

The immunoneuroendocrine role of melatonin

Abstract: A tight, physiological link between the pineal gland and the immune system is emerging from a series of experimental studies. This link might reflect the evolutionary connection between self-recognition and reproduction. Pinealectomy or other experimental methods which inhibit melatonin synthesis and secretion induce a state of immunodepression which is counteracted by melatonin. In general, melatonin seems to have an immunoenhancing effect that is particularly apparent in immunodepressive states. The negative effect of acute stress or immunosuppressive pharmacological treatments on various immune parameters are counteracted by melatonin. It seems important to note that one of the main targets of melatonin is the thymus, i.e., the central organ of the immune system. The clinical use of melatonin as an immunotherapeutic agent seems promising in primary and secondary immunodeficiencies as well as in cancer immunotherapy. The immunoenhancing action of melatonin seems to be mediated by T-helper cell-derived opioid peptides as well as by lymphokines and, perhaps, by pituitary hormones. Melatonin-induced-immuno-opioids (MHO) and lymphokines imply the presence of specific binding sites or melatonin receptors on cells of the immune system. On the other hand, lymphokines such as -γ-interferon and interleukin-2 as well as thymic hormones can modulate the synthesis of melatonin in the pineal gland. The pineal gland might thus be viewed as the crux of a sophisticated immunoneuroendocrine network which functions as an unconscious, diffuse sensory organ.     

Changes in connexin43, the gap junction protein of astrocytes, during development of the rat pineal gland

Abstract: The abundance of gap junctions between rat pineal astrocytes formed by connexin43 (Cx43) was studied during development. Levels and distribution of Cx43 were measured by immunoblotting and indirect immunofluorescence, respectively. The amount of Cx43 in cells located within the gland was low until about the 7th postnatal day and increased to adult values between the 14th and 21st days postpartum. Although astrocytes, recognized by their vimentin immunoreactivity, were scarce before birth, they were abundant by the 7th postnatal day suggesting that the low levels of Cx43 found at this age corresponded to a low expression of this protein. Localization of the immunoreactivity to Cx43 and vimentin showed a close correlation, indicating that mature or immature pineal astrocytes form gap junctions made of Cx43. Since Cx43 levels attained their adult values at about the time the innervation and the functional state of the gland reached maturity (2–3 weeks after birth), it is proposed that astrocyte gap junctions are involved in the function of the adult rat pineal gland.     

Response of rat pineal melatonin to calcium, magnesium, and lithium is circadian stage dependent

Abstract: Herein we documented the response of pineal melatonin production to electrolytes known to be effective on pineal function in view of a possible circadian stage dependence. We studied the release of melatonin by perifused rat pineal glands at 2 different circadian stages corresponding to the middle of the light and dark periods, i.e., respectively, 7 and 19 HALO (Hours After Light Onset, L:D = 12:12). The initial efflux rates were, as expected, much higher in the perifusates of glands removed from rats sacrificed during the dark phase than of those removed during the light phase. After 3 hr of perifusion, melatonin release reached similar levels which were found constant up to the 8th hr of perifusion, whatever the circadian stage. Perifusion of the glands with physiological concentrations for the rat of calcium (5.2 mmol/1) and magnesium (1.34 mmol/1) resulted in a stimulatory effect on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed in the middle of the dark period (19 HALO), whereas no effects were observed on the pineal glands removed from rats sacrificed during the light (7 HALO). Lithium (0.28 and 0.55 mmol/1) was ineffective on melatonin release in pineal glands removed 7 and 19 HALO. Our results show differences in the initial efflux rates of melatonin and in the response of perifused pineal glands to calcium and magnesium according to the circadian stage.     

Conservative management of perforated duodenal diverticulum： A case report and review of the literature

Duodenal diverticula are a relatively common condition. They are asymptomatic, unless they become complicated, with perforation being the rarest but most severe complication. Surgical treatment is the most frequently performed approach. We report the case of a patient with a perforated duodenal diverticulum, which was diagnosed early and treated conservatively with antibiotics and percutaneous drainage of secondary retroperitoneal abscesses. We suggest this method could be an acceptable option for the management of similar cases, provided that the patient is in good general condition and without septic signs.     

Presence of immunoreactive growth hormone and prolactin in the ovine pineal gland

Abstract: The use of antisera raised against bovine growth hormone (GH) and ovine prolactin (PRL) enabled the detection of related immunoreactive (ir) sequences of proteins in ovine pineal tissue. The isolation of PRL-like ir-material was accomplished using a 0.25 M ammonium sulphate (pH 5.5) extraction followed by ethanol precipitation, whereas the resulting 2.0 M ammonium sulphate (pH 7.0) precipitate contained a GH-like immunoreactivity. Gel chromatography of the GH-like immunoreactivity (Sephadex G-100) indicated the presence of several GH-like fragments ranging in the M_r range of 7,000 to 55,000. Analyses of the PRL-like ir-material found in pineal tissue on HPLC using a TSK 545-DEAE column led to the resolution into a single peak of immunoreactivity. A single peak of activity was also observed following chromatofocusing and hydrophobic interaction chromatography of the ir-peak from the TSK 545-DEAE column. The PRL-like ir-material inhibited the binding of [¹²⁵I]ovine PRL-S14 to anti-ovine PRL antibodies without showing an affinity for binding to anti-rat PRL or anti-bovine GH antibodies. Scatchard analysis of the binding of pineal PRL-like ir-material and pituitary ovine PRL-S14 to liver membranes from day-20 pregnant rats revealed similar affinity constants (K_a of 4.7 ± 0.2 × 10⁹ M^-1). In addition, the replication of Nb 2 Node rat lymphoma cells was stimulated by pineal PRL-like ir-material, an effect known to be specific for lactogenic hormones. The pineal PRL-like immunoreactivity appeared on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gels as a single major band of M_r 24,000. The functional status of PRL-and GH-like ir-material in the ovine pineal remains to be determined, but evidence is presented that the overall protein synthesis rate of the rat pineal responded to circulating concentrations of PRL.     

Microbiology of human immunodeficiency virus anorectal disease

PURPOSE: Individuals who are seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus are at high risk for opportunistic infection and anorectal disorders. Little prospective information is available regarding anorectal pathogens in these patients. METHODS: One hundred sixty-three HIV-seropositive patients presented to the colorectal clinic between 1989 and 1992. Forty-seven (29 percent) patients were thought to have an infectious process and were prospectively studied using a standardized multiculture protocol. RESULTS: Mean age was 33 (range, 19–59) years. All were male; high-risk behavior accounted for 87 percent of HIV transmissions. Presenting complaints included anorectal pain (79 percent), pus per anum (28 percent), and blood per anum (26 percent). Examination revealed perianal tenderness (60 percent), condyloma (38 percent), perianal ulcers (38 percent), and anal fissures (34 percent). Sixty-six sets of cultures were performed; 28 patients had one set, 15 had two sets, and 4 had three sets. Thirty-two of these 47 patients (68 percent) had positive cultures including herpes (50 percent), cytomegalovirus (25 percent),Neisseria gonorrhoeae (16 percent), chlamydia (16 percent), acidfast bacilli (2 percent), and others (9 percent). Six of 32 patients with positive cultures had more than one organism cultured. Sixteen (50 percent) patients with positive cultures were treated medically, 8 (25 percent) were treated surgically and 8 (25 percent) were treated with both modalities. Sixty-one procedures were performed on 17 patients for condylomata. Eighteen patients had 20 procedures for abscesses, 50 percent of whom had positive cultures for other than common bowel flora; all improved. Fourteen patients underwent 33 procedures for perianal fistulas.Mycobacterium fortuitum was cultured from one patient who required 13 procedures for abscesses and fistulas. Forty-five (96 percent) patients were followed for an average of 12.5 months ±2.9 SEM (range, 1–94 months). Symptoms were improved or resolved in 22 of 32 (69 percent) patients with positive cultures and in 11 of 13 (84 percent) with negative cultures. CONCLUSIONS: Specific pathogens may often be identified in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients with anorectal disorders if aggressively sought. Although patients without specific pathogens identified may be expected to improve with planned empiric treatment, positive identification allows more directed therapy.