女性肺癌住院患者的临床特点分析

目的探讨女性肺癌的发病特点、诊疗手段演变,进一步提高女性肺癌的诊治水平。方法回顾性分析439例女性肺癌住院患者的临床资料。结果 439例女性肺癌患者发病年龄高峰在40～69岁,占78.1%。病理类型以腺癌为主,占58.3%;农民168例,占38.3%;家庭妇女149例,占33.9%。不吸烟的女性患者中以腺癌多见,占59.9%(236/394);鳞癌与小细胞癌分别占19.5%(77/394)、16.5%(65/394)。影像学检查中周围型肺癌占63.3%,以团块影表现居多(39.9%),其次为肺不张合并胸腔积液(23.2%)。气管镜下表现以直接征象(浸润性、增生性改变)为主,占19.1%;鳞癌以增生性表现为主,腺癌则以浸润性为主,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。单纯化疗占25.3%(111/439),单纯手术占24.8%(109/439),放弃治疗占41.4%(182/439)。结论女性肺癌发病年龄以中老年为主,农民、家庭妇女占大多数;病理类型中以腺癌最常见,周围型居多,确诊时多已属中晚期。对于女性肺癌应提高认识,早发现、早诊治。     

Cutaneous myiasis in Arkansas

Myiasis is a rare infestation of any part of the body by larvae of Diptera. Cutaneous myiasis, the most common form seen in tropical climates of Central America, South America and Africa, are extremely rare in the United States. An extraordinary case of cutaneous myiasis was seen in Hot Springs in a 71-year-old healthy white male upon his return from the rain forest of Costa Rica. Manual extraction of one of the larvae by the patient and surgical excision of three other separate subcutaneous larvae were diagnostic and therapeutic in this case.     

Prostate cancer in Arkansas

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer affecting men and the second leading cause of cancer deaths in U.S. males. Nationally, black men have greater prostate cancer incidence/mortality than other men. This study used focus group discussions to examine knowledge, beliefs and attitudes about prostate cancer in black and white male populations in urban and rural areas of Arkansas. The study found a general lack of knowledge about prostate cancer and its symptoms, screening and treatment. There were also subtle differences among the groups that could impact the development of interventions and policies, thus decreasing prostate cancer mortality in Arkansas.