康欣口服液对老年小鼠睾丸超微结构的影响

目的 研究康欣口服液对老年Balb/c小鼠睾丸超微结构的影响。方法 Balb/c小鼠随机分为青年组、老年组和老年康欣口服液组,分别给予生理盐水和康欣口服液4个月,采用透射电镜观察小鼠睾丸超微结构。结果 青年组睾丸超微结构未见明显异常,老年组睾丸生精细胞明显减少,分裂异常,呈坏死脱落。支持细胞内线粒体肿胀,间质细胞内次级溶酶体明显增多。与老年组相比,老年康欣口服液组睾丸超微结构损伤有明显改善。结论 康欣口服液可改善老年小鼠睾丸超微结构损伤。     

康欣口服液对老年小鼠肾线粒体DNA缺失突变的影响

目的 研究康欣口服液对老年Balb/c小鼠肾线粒体DNA（mtDNA）缺失突变的影响.方法 老年Balb/c小鼠随机分为空白组和康欣口服液组,分别给予生理盐水和康欣口服液4个月.采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）技术和光密度扫描检测两组mtDNA的缺失突变情况.结果 与空白对照组比较,康欣口服液能显著减少老年Balb/c小鼠肾mtDNA的缺失（P＜0.001）.结论 康欣口服液可以抑制老年小鼠mtDNA的缺失突变,对mtDNA有保护作用.     

康欣口服液对老年小鼠脑线粒体DNA缺失突变的影响

目的 研究补肾健脾养血活血法对Balb/c小鼠脑线粒体DNA(mtDNA)缺失突变的影响.方法 近交系Balb/c老年小鼠(14个月)分别灌胃给予生理盐水(老年空白对照组),康欣口服液(老年康欣口服液组),连续4个月后处死,提取脑组织的mtDNA,采用PCR技术分别扩增野生型和缺失型的mtDNA 片段,运用凝胶成像仪进行光密度扫描,比较两组缺失型mtDNA/野生型mtDNA的光密度比值.结果 近交系老年Balb/c小鼠脑mtDNA中存在明显的片段缺失,与老年空白对照组相比,康欣口服液能显著降低老年Balb/c小鼠mtDNA的缺失率(P＜0.001).结论 补肾健脾养血活血法可以抑制老年小鼠脑mtDNA的缺失.     

补肾健脾养血活血法对亚急性衰老大鼠脑组织生物化学及海马超微结构的影响

目的 通过观察补肾健脾养血活血方对衰老大鼠脑组织神经生物化学以及海马超微结构的影响,研究该法抗脑衰老的作用机制.方法 用12.5 mg/ml D-半乳糖给大鼠颈背部皮下注射连续40 d,形成亚急性衰老模型,检测脑组织NOS、NO、GSH-Px、MAO-B,在透射电镜下观测海马CA1区超微结构的变化.结果 给药组与模型对照组比较,NO、GSH-Px显著升高（P＜0.05）,NOS、MAO-B显著降低（P＜0.05）.给药组大鼠海马CA1区细胞核、粗面内质网、线粒体、高尔基体、脂褐素体等细胞器较模型组有明显变化.结论 补肾健脾养血活血法抗脑衰老作用机制可能为通过抑制NOS活性,对机体的抗氧化系统起良性调节作用,提高GSH-Px活性,增强脑组织清除自由基的能力,抑制脑组织MAO-B活性,提高单胺类神经递质含量,增加大鼠脑组织NO含量,改善衰老大鼠海马的超微结构.     

延龄童颜口服液的延缓衰老作者研究

延龄童颜口服液能延长小白鼠的游泳、耐寒、耐缺氧时间，提高红细胞中超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）的活力，增强体液免疫和细胞免疫能力，从而提高机体对环境的适应能力，促进体内氧自由基的歧化反应。增强免疫功能，且口服无明显毒副反应，具有滋补营养、抵御病邪、延缓衰老、益寿等作用。     

益肾口服液延缓肾精亏虚型生理性衰老的试验研究

目的 观察益肾口服液延缓肾精亏虚型生理性衰老的效果.方法 将62例老年前期及老年期受试者按照配对随机方法分为治疗组31例和对照组31例,治疗组予益肾口服液干预24w,对照组不接受任何干预.观察治疗前后受试者的生物学年龄、肾精亏虚证的中医证候积分、左右手握力、左右近视力、瞬时记忆能力评分、闭目单腿直立时间、血肌酐、肾小球滤过率、同型半胱氨酸水平、右足跟骨超声振幅衰减系数、脉搏波速度、用力肺活量和超氧化物歧化酶水平.通过多元线性回归的方法,建立生物学年龄模型,比较两组治疗后生物学年龄及治疗前、后生物学年龄差值的差异,评价药物的有效性.结果 两组治疗后生物学年龄差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).两组治疗前后生物学年龄差值差异有统计学意义(F=51.605,P＜0.001).治疗组治疗后生物学年龄小于治疗前生物学年龄,对照组治疗后生物学年龄大于治疗前生物学年龄.结论 益肾口服液对于延缓肾精亏虚型生理性衰老有一定的作用.     

健胃口服液抗消化性溃疡的药理研究

目的：探讨健胃口服液抗消化性溃疡的药理作用。方法：采用水浸应激、幽门结扎、利血平诱发及乙酸损伤等方法造成急慢性胃溃疡模型,观察药物对这些模型的影响。结果：健胃口服液对大白鼠急性应激性溃疡、幽门结扎型溃疡、乙酸损伤型溃疡、小白鼠利血平诱发型溃疡的形成均具有显著的抑制作用（P＜0．05,P＜0．01）,能显著减少胃酸及胃蛋白酶的分泌（P＜0．05）。结论：健胃口服液具有防治消化性溃疡的作用。     

延龄童颜口服液的延缓衰老作用研究

延龄童颜口服液能延长小白鼠的游泳、耐寒、耐缺氧时间，提高红细胞中超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）的活力，增强体液免疫（ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＡ、ＩｇＭ、Ｃ３等）和细胞免疫（ＡＮＡＥ％）能力，从而提高机体对环境的适应能力，促进体内氧自由基的歧化反应，增强免疫功能，且口服无明显毒副反应，具有滋补营养、抵御病邪、延缓衰老、益寿等作用。     

补肾活血抗自由基损伤延缓衰老的研究进展

随着人口老龄化,抗衰老已成为当今世界性的重大医学课题。国内根据中医学理论,应用中西医结合方法延缓衰老的研究,尤其是在中医药抗自由基损伤延缓衰老方面的研究已具有一定水平。中医认为脏腑虚损,尤其肾虚是衰老的主要原因。近年来对血瘀致衰开始重视,提出肾虚血瘀...     

改良三甲散抗脑衰老作用的实验研究

目的：研究改良三甲散抗脑衰老的作用原理,方法：D－半乳糖2．4g/kg颈背部皮下注射复制大鼠亚急性衰老模型,以1g/kg（5％）,2/g/kg(10%)改良三甲散免煎颗粒剂灌胃治疗40天,并以脑复康作为对照,观察改良三甲散对小鼠体重,脑,脾,胸腺指数及脑蛋白质,脑乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）,脑超氧化物歧化酶测定（SOD）,脑丙二醛测定（MDA）的影响,结果：改良三甲散能够提高实验动物脑,脾指数,增加脑蛋白质含量,提高脑LDH,SOD活性,降低脑MDA含量,结论：改良三甲散具有一定的抗衰老作用。     

Effects of aging and alcohol on the biochemical composition of histologically normal human brain

Human brains were removed at autopsy and examined grossly and histologically for any abnormality or evidence of disease. Sixty-two brains appearing normal by these criteria were examined further. First, a detailed record of alcohol consumption was obtained. Second, frozen punches of gray and white matter were used to determine the compositional change associated with age and drinking patterns. Increased age was associated with an increase in the water content, particularly in the white matter, a decline in RNA content in gray matter, a decline in total protein in white matter, and a decline in both myelin and the myelin-like subfraction. The loss of myelin membrane in white matter corresponded to a similar increase in water content, although there was an additional loss of some nonmyelin protein. There was no significant shift in the density between the myelin and the myelin-like membranes, and the protein composition of myelin was not significantly altered by age. A history of heavy alcohol consumption was associated with a relative increase in total protein in white matter even though heavy drinking accelerated the age-related loss of myelin. Presumably, alcohol produced a lag in the rate at which nonmyelin proteins are lost or accelerated the accumulation of abnormal protein. Alcohol consumption did not influence the myelin composition or the ratio of myelin and myelin-like membranes. The interval between patient death and autopsy was shown to have little or no effect on the samples used in this study. These data show that normal aging, uncomplicated by other disease processes, can have a significant effect on the composition of brain tissue, particularly the white matter, and that heavy alcohol consumption accelerates degenerative change, even in tissue appearing normal by histology.     

Neurogenesis in the aging brain

Neurogenesis, or the birth of new neural cells, was thought to occur only in the developing nervous system and a fixed neuronal population in the adult brain was believed to be necessary to maintain the functional stability of adult brain circuitry. However, recent studies have demonstrated that neurogenesis does indeed continue into and throughout adult life in discrete regions of the central nervous systems (CNS) of all mammals, including humans. Although neurogenesis may contribute to the ability of the adult brain to function normally and be induced in response to cerebral diseases for self-repair, this nevertheless declines with advancing age. Understanding the basic biology of neural stem cells and the molecular and cellular regulation mechanisms of neurogenesis in young and aged brain will allow us to modulate cell replacement processes in the adult brain for the maintenance of healthy brain tissues and for repair of disease states in the elderly.     

Effects of aging and gastric lipolysis on gastric emptying of lipid in liquid meal

Lipid delays gastric emptying, and aging is associated with changes in gastric motor function and transit. However, little is known about the effect of lipid on gastric emptying time in the elderly. To determine the effect of aging on lipid gastric emptying, we used electrical impedance tomography (EIT) to study gastric emptying of liquid meals with or without lipid in five young (23.0 ± 0.6 years, mean ± SEM) and six elderly (73.3 ± 1.6 years) healthy male volunteers. These subjects drank 400 ml of non-lipid soup (triglycerides, 0 g) or lipid soup (triglycerides, 24.6 g) in liquid test meals. To study the effect of lipolysis in the stomach, a liquid test meal containing 240 mg of lipase in the lipid soup was also administered. Plasma cholecystokinin (CCK) concentration was measured by specific radioimmunoassay before and 30 min after the ingestion of a test meal. The gastric emptying time of the lipid soup was longer in the elderly than in the young subjects, and the time was significantly longer for lipid soup than for non-lipid soup (P < 0.05) in both the young and elderly subjects. Gastric emptying time for non-lipid soup was not significantly different between the elderly and young subjects. The administration of lipase shortened the gastric emptying time for lipid in both the elderly and the young subjects. Basal CCK concentration was significantly higher in the elderly than in the young subjects. However, there was no relationship between gastric emptying time and plasma CCK concentration after the ingestion of a test meal in the subjects overall. In conclusion, the delaying effect of lipid on gastric emptying is increased in the elderly, and the administration of lipase accelerates the emptying of lipid from the stomach. Received: October 12, 1998 / Accepted: February 26, 1999     

Drugs and the aging brain

The aging brain is more sensitive to the potentially deleterious effects of drugs used to treat common geriatric disorders. The atypical presentation of medical conditions can lead to inaccurate diagnoses and inappropriate drug prescribing. Working from a knowledge of general principles of geriatric pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, the clinician will be better attuned to the problems of prescribing for the elderly, so as to maximize beneficial therapeutic effects without compromising mental function.     

Biologic plasticity of the aging brain

The study was performed to elucidate whether the biological plasticity of the brain is reduced with advancing age. Both glucose and energy metabolism in the brain cortex of male Wistar rats aged 6, 12, 24 and 30 months were investigated under normal conditions and in 12 and 24 months old rats under complete cerebral ischemia. Under physiological conditions, glucose, fructose-1,6-phosphate and ATP decreased from 6 to 12 months of age whereas pyruvate, malate and creatine phosphate fell from 12 to 30 months of age. It was concluded that glucose and energy metabolism in brain cortex may be slightly reduced with normal aging. Complete cerebral ischemia caused server reduction in cortical glucose, pyruvate, citrate, alpha-ketoglutarate, malate, oxaloacetate, ATP and creatine phosphate and an increase in fructose-1,6-phosphate, lactate, succinate and AMP. Differences between 12 and 24 month old animals became obvious. It is concluded that aged animals as compared to adult animals are not capable of reacting sufficiently to stress conditions. The biological capacity of the brain is assumed to be reduced with aging.     

康欣胶囊对血管性痴呆影响的临床观察

目的　观察康欣胶囊对血管性痴呆 (VD)患者影响的有效性和安全性。方法　依据诊断标准选取 VD患者 63例 ,随机分为治疗组(33例 )和对照组 (30例 ) ,观察患者治疗前后的变化。结果　康欣胶囊能有效改善 VD患者中医证候 ,显著降低 HCY、β- AP水平 (P<0 .0 1 ) ,且未发现明显毒副作用。结论　康欣胶囊是安全有效治疗 VD的中药制剂。     

The neuroprotective effects of estrogen on the aging brain

The population of the western world is ageing. This increase in the elderly population will inevitably mean a rise in the prevalence of age-related cognitive decline and late-onset neuropsychiatric disorder, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). There are sex differences in the incidence and age of onset of these disorders. Sex steroids and sex chromosomes are therefore implicated in their pathophysiology. We have identified relevant past and current literature using a Medline search and from the references of relevant papers. These were then reviewed and relevant articles have been summarized and included in the review. Evidence is presented for the wide-ranging actions of estrogen in the brain at the cellular, metabolic and neurotransmitter levels as well as from the cognitive, AD, depression and cerebrovascular perspectives. The authors conclude that it is unlikely that estrogen will become a stand-alone treatment for any of these disorders, although there may still be a role as an adjunctive treatment and as a prophylactic measure.