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目的 了解早产儿生后早期的屈光发育.方法 横断面研究.收集生后4~6周进行早产儿视网膜病变筛查的无视网膜病变的早产儿253例,按矫正胎龄进行分组:A组(22只眼),矫正胎龄≤34周;B组(52只眼),矫正胎龄>34周且≤36周;C组(126只眼),矫正胎龄>36周且≤38周;D组(144只眼),矫正胎龄>38周且≤40周;E组(136只眼),矫正胎龄>40周且≤42周,F组(26只眼),矫正胎龄>42周且≤44周.行睫状肌麻痹检影验光确定屈光状态.其中38例在矫正胎龄40~44周时的屈光与同龄足月对照组比较.定量资料为非正态分布,使用Mann-Whitney U检验,相关性使用Spearman相关分析及回归分析.定性资料使用X2检验.结果 早产儿随出生体重的增加、孕龄和检查时矫正胎龄的增大,等效球镜远视程度增大.出生体重是等效球镜的显著影响因素.近视发生率14.43%,并随着矫正胎龄的增加而下降.散光发生率10.28%,各年龄组间差异无统计学意义.散光度中位数+1.00 DC,随着矫正胎龄的增加而增大,与出生孕龄和体重无关.散光轴向中位数90°,与矫正胎龄、出生孕龄和体重均无关.矫正胎龄40~44周的早产儿和足月儿比较,除等效球镜差异有统计学意义,前者有更大的近视趋势外,近视发生率、散光发生率、散光度、散光轴向的差异均无统计学意义.结论 早产儿屈光状态随发育向远视方向发展,但到矫正胎龄40~44周时仍较足月儿有较大的近视趋势,其潜在机制及随后的屈光发育有待进一步研究.(中华眼科杂志,2009,45:607-611) 相似文献
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自发性退化早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)的屈光不正发生率较普通人群高,其近视发生率和近视度数随ROP严重程度上升而上升。行激光光凝治疗和冷冻治疗的ROP患眼近视发生率和度数均增加,但激光光凝治疗比冷冻治疗后的屈光状态好;保留晶状体的玻璃体切割手术后,患眼近视度数降低,视功能改善;巩膜扣带手术后,患眼可出现高度近视。随着年龄增加,ROP患儿的近视和散光发生率增加。ROP患眼屈光不正的发生率大,发生屈光不正性弱视、斜视等异常视觉症状的危险性高,需要定期检查,及时治疗需要干预的屈光不正。 相似文献
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梁晓翠周炼红蔡丽叶美红 《临床眼科杂志》2017,(1):75-77
目的研讨3~6岁早产儿屈光状态及其影响因素。方法横断面研究。对2014年9月至2016年3月于我院眼科就诊的3~6岁无早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)早产儿进行屈光检查,共170例(340只眼)纳入研究。按矫正胎龄进行分组:≥3岁且<4岁(84只眼),≥4岁且<5岁(114只眼),≥5岁且<6岁(142只眼)。睫状肌麻痹后检影验光,采用相干光生物测量仪(IOL Master)测量眼轴和角膜曲率。采用Pearson相关分析法进行相关性分析;吸氧与屈光的关系采用两独立样本比较的秩和检验。结果 170例(340只眼)中,远视243只眼(71.5%),以远视多见。眼轴与出生体重、年龄相关;角膜曲率K1、K2与年龄相关;等效球镜与出生体重、年龄、眼轴长度相关,与胎龄无显著相关性。按有无吸氧史分组,平均等效球镜差异无统计学意义。结论随年龄增长,3~6岁早产儿屈光状态有由远视向近视方向发展的趋势。眼轴是早产儿屈光的主要影响因素。 相似文献
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目的 研究早产儿视网膜病变(retinopathy of prematurity,ROP)患儿激光光凝术后视功能和屈光状态。方法 回顾性队列研究。收集我院行二极管激光光凝术治愈的ROP患儿44 例(88眼),远期随访3 a以上,观察其视力、眼位及屈光状态情况。术后最佳矫正视力(best corrected visual acuity,BCVA)<0.3定义为低视力,术后低视力与出生体质量、孕周、治疗时矫正胎龄、病变区域和激光次数的相关性行Logistic多因素回归分析。结果 44例(88眼)患儿年龄为(4.2±0.8)岁,BCVA≤0.1者2眼,>0.1~0.3者 9眼,>0.3~0.5者14眼,>0.5者63眼。Logistic多因素回归分析显示,术后低视力与出生体质量、孕周、矫正胎龄和激光治疗次数均无相关性(均为P>0.05),与病变区域有关(P=0.049)。近视性屈光不正29眼,近视度数为-0.25~-10.50 D,其中高度近视(SE≥-5.00 D)8眼;合并散光者44眼,散光度-1.00~-5.00 DC,其中高度散光(≥-2.00 DC)20眼;10例患有斜视,1例有眼球震颤。结论 ROP激光术后大部分患儿有较好的视力,高度近视和斜视是视力损伤的主要原因。 相似文献
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目的:评估10岁早产儿和足月儿的屈光状态。 相似文献
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目的:观察和分析早产儿的屈光状态和视力发育情况。方法:对4~6岁早产儿156例312眼门诊进行视力和静态屈光检查并记录结果。结果:4~6岁早产儿156例312眼远视238眼(76.3%),近视15眼(4.8%),散光28眼(9.0%),正视眼31眼(9.9%),生理性远视所占的比例最大,各年龄远视比例有所不同,但都随着年龄的增长远视比例下降,正视和近视比例逐渐增加,视力正常率明显提高。结论:4~6岁早产儿屈光状态和视力发育与正常儿接近,随着年龄的增长,屈光状态有由远视向正视和近视发展的趋势。 相似文献
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计算机辅助间接检眼镜下正常早产儿眼底与早产儿视网膜病变的特征观察 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 观察计算机辅助的双目间接检眼镜成像系统检查所见的早产儿正常眼底以及早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)图像特征,探讨计算机辅助的双目间接检眼镜成像系统在ROP筛查中 的 临床应用价值。方法 2006年1月至2006年12月期间,通过计算机辅助的 双目间接检眼镜成 像系统对150例早产儿行ROP早期筛查,首次检查的时间为早产儿出生后4~6周或其矫正胎龄 已达32周,并根据首次检查结果决定随诊时间。对检查过程进行录像,并对有意义的图像进 行拍照,以获得正常早产儿和ROP患眼的眼底图像。回顾分析时对各种图像特征进行对比分 析观察。结果 150例早产儿均通过双目间接检眼镜获得正常早产儿眼底 图像或各期典型的R OP图像。其中,正常早产儿眼底视盘色泽为较淡,周边视网膜仍未血管化呈青灰色调;ROP 各期在双目间接检眼镜下均具有不同的典型表现。结论 计算机辅助双 目间接检眼镜成像系 统可清楚地观察到早产儿正常眼底和各期ROP眼底的特征变化,真实客观的保存检查结果,在ROP筛查与治疗随访中具有一定应用价值。 相似文献
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AIM: To quantitatively assess the changes in mean vascular tortuosity (mVT) and mean vascular width (mVW) around the optic disc and their correlation with gestational age (GA) and birth weight (BW) in premature infants without retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).
METHODS: A single-center retrospective study included a total of 133 (133 eyes) premature infants [mean corrected gestational age (CGA) 43.6wk] without ROP as the premature group and 130 (130 eyes) CGA-matched full-term infants as the control group. The peripapillary mVT and mVW were quantitatively measured using computer-assisted techniques.
RESULTS: Premature infants had significantly higher mVT (P=0.0032) and lower mVW (P=0.0086) by 2.68 (104 cm-3) and 1.85 μm, respectively. Subgroup analysis with GA showed significant differences (P=0.0244) in mVT between the early preterm and middle to late preterm groups, but the differences between mVW were not significant (P=0.6652). The results of the multiple linear regression model showed a significant negative correlation between GA and BW with mVT after adjusting sex and CGA (P=0.0211 and P=0.0006, respectively). For each day increase in GA at birth, mVT decreased by 0.1281 (104 cm-3) and for each 1 g increase in BW, mVT decreased by 0.006 (104 cm-3). However, GA (P=0.9402) and BW (P=0.7275) were not significantly correlated with mVW.
CONCLUSION: Preterm birth significantly affects the peripapillary vascular parameters that indicate higher mVT and narrower mVW in premature infants without ROP. Alterations in these parameters may provide new insights into the pathogenesis of ocular vascular disease. 相似文献
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目的研究学龄前早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)近视患儿晶状体参数变化,并探讨晶状体参数与ROP近视的关系。方法病例对照研究。收集2014年1月至2015年12月在湖南省儿童医院眼科门诊随访的1~6岁ROP患儿,所有入选者未行手术,分为1~3岁和4~6岁2个年龄段。根据屈光状态分为ROP近视组(36例68眼,MOR组)、ROP非近视组(30例58眼,Non-MOR组)。对2组病例采用带状检影镜检测屈光度数并以等效球镜度(SE)记录,采用角膜曲率仪测量角膜曲率(CR),A超测量前房深度(ACD)、玻璃体腔深度(VITR)、眼轴长度(AL)及散瞳前后晶状体厚度(LT)。通过比较MOR组与Non-MOR组屈光参数差异及散瞳前后的LT变化,来分析2组屈光参数的差异及晶状体参数的改变与ROP近视关系,2组间CR、ACD、AL等参数比较采用独立样本t检验。结果①1~3岁患儿MOR组较Non-MOR组CR更陡(t=2.916,P<0.01),LT更厚(t=3.227,P<0.01);而2组间ACD、VITR及AL差异无统计学意义。②4~6岁患儿MOR组较Non-MOR组LT更厚(t=2.257,P<0.05);而2组间CR、ACD、VITR及AL差异无统计学意义。③散瞳前MOR组较Non-MOR组LT更厚(t=3.152,P<0.01),散瞳前后MOR组LT变化较小(t=2.045,P<0.05)。结论①1~3岁ROP近视患儿屈光参数特点主要表现为角膜较陡,晶状体较厚;而4~6岁ROP近视患儿屈光参数特点主要表现为晶状体较厚,说明学龄前期ROP患者近视主要来源于晶状体屈光力的增加。②ROP近视患儿晶状体厚,散瞳前后的LT变化小,提示ROP可能影响晶状体的弹性和调节。③晶状体的调节功能和屈光参数匹配可能是影响ROP近视的重要因素之一。 相似文献
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深圳早产儿视网膜病变筛查结果分析 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
目的 了解深圳地区三间医院早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)发病情况。方法 2004年 1月至2007年1月,对深圳市人民医院、深圳市妇幼保健院和深圳市眼科医院三间医院出生体重<2000g的早产儿或根据儿科医生的要求超过以上标准但患有严重疾病的早产儿共1372例2744只眼采用双目间接检眼镜和(或)广角数码儿童视网膜成像系统(RetCamII)进行 ROP筛查,发现阈值或阈值前期Ⅰ型ROP及时进行冷冻或激光 光 凝治疗。所有患儿随访至视网膜完全血管化或病变退化。结果 所有早产儿中218例436只眼发生ROP,发病率15.9%,其中阈值或阈值前期Ⅰ型ROP190只眼,发病率6.9%;4~5期ROP 16只眼,发病率0.6%;未到阈值或阈值前期Ⅰ型ROP 230只眼,发病率8.4 %。出生体重≤1500 g者435例870只眼,占所有筛查对象的31.7%;236只眼发生ROP,发病 率27.1%:其中阈值或阈值前期Ⅰ型ROP 126只眼,发病率14.5%;4~5期ROP10只眼,发病 率1.1%,未到阈值或阈值前期Ⅰ型ROP 100只眼,发病率11.5%。出生体重≤1250 g者274 只眼,占所有筛查对象的10%;108只眼发生ROP,发病率39.4%:其中阈值或阈值前期Ⅰ型 RO P 60只眼,发病率21.9%;4~5期ROP 4只眼,发病率1.4%;未到阈值或阈值前期Ⅰ型ROP 4 4 只眼,发病率16%。所有早产儿、出生体重≤1500g者和出生体重≤1250g者的RO P发病率(χ2=60.43,P<0.001)、阈值或阈 值前期Ⅰ型ROP发病率(χ2=46.82,P<0001)和未到阈值或阈值前期Ⅰ型ROP发病 率 (χ2=10.71,P=0.005)比较,差异均有统计学意义。结论 深圳地区三间医院早产儿ROP的总体发生率较 低,但需要治疗的阈值或阈值前期Ⅰ型重症ROP发病率高。出生体重是影响ROP发病 率的重要因素。 相似文献
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目的了解泰州市早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)的患病情况并分析与ROP相关的高危因素。方法收集泰州市2008年3月至2011年3月286例(572只眼)早产儿和低体重儿ROP筛查资料进行回顾性分析。结果 286例(572只眼)早产儿和低体重儿中,共筛查出36例(72只眼)患有不同程度的ROP,ROP检出率约为12.6%,所有患儿均为双眼患病,其中包括ROP 1期12例(24只眼),ROP 2期14例(28只眼),ROP 3期4例(8只眼),ROP4期2例(4只眼),AP-ROP 1例(2只眼),ROP 5期3例(6只眼),提示早产、低出生体重、缺血和缺氧性脑病、胎盘早剥等影响胎儿发育的相对缺氧因素与ROP的发生密切相关。结论早产、低出生体重及相对缺氧因素是ROP发生的高危因素,早筛查、早发现、早治疗是预防ROP致盲的关键。 相似文献
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积极推动早产儿视网膜病变的防治 总被引:6,自引:3,他引:6
早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)是儿童盲的重要致盲原因之一,随着ROP防治指南的颁布以及ROP筛查治疗工作的开展,我国ROP发病率和致盲率有所下降。正确认识和理解ROP分类、筛查标准和治疗指南;建立完善的ROP筛查体系,提高筛查水平;加强ROP临床和基础研究,将有助于进一步降低我国ROP发病率和致盲率。 相似文献
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《Ophthalmic genetics》2013,34(4):173-177
Purpose: Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is a vasoproliferative disorder affecting preterm infants leading to visual impairment. ROP is more common in Caucasians than African Americans. Very low birth weight infants have immature retinas and are susceptible to ROP. Because of differences in individual responses to the treatment, various genetic factors have been looked into to understand the etiology of ROP. Endothelial nitric oxide (eNO) serves as a vasodilator, relaxes smooth muscle, prevents platelet aggregation, and facilitates improved blood flow and vascular tonicity. Mutant eNO synthase (eNOS) genotypes result in reduced nitric oxide levels by decreasing enzyme activity. Since eNO affects vasculature and ROP is a vascular disease, the present investigation was aimed at studying the association of genotypes with ROP.Methods: Two eNOS gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (T-786C, and G894T) were studied by microplate-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Polymerase Chain Reaction (RFLP PCR) method. Genotypes were studied in 146 premature infants.Results: The present data showed significant differences in the baseline gene frequencies between Caucasians and African Americans. ROP patients displayed 3-fold higher frequencies of mutant -786C and 894T alleles in both ethnicities compared to respective controls.Conclusions: The present data suggest ethnic stratification of genotypes. Mutant -786C and 894T alleles are significant risk factors in the development of ROP, and suggest a strong association between eNOS polymorphisms and the disease. It is interesting to know if a larger dataset of ROP patients can confirm our initial findings. 相似文献
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Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a neurovascular disease that affects prematurely born infants and is known to have significant long term effects on vision. We conducted the studies described herein not only to learn more about vision but also about the pathogenesis of ROP. The coincidence of ROP onset and rapid developmental elongation of the rod photoreceptor outer segments motivated us to consider the role of the rods in this disease. We used noninvasive electroretinographic (ERG), psychophysical, and retinal imaging procedures to study the function and structure of the neurosensory retina. Rod photoreceptor and post-receptor responses are significantly altered years after the preterm days during which ROP is an active disease. The alterations include persistent rod dysfunction, and evidence of compensatory remodeling of the post-receptor retina is found in ERG responses to full-field stimuli and in psychophysical thresholds that probe small retinal regions. In the central retina, both Mild and Severe ROP delay maturation of parafoveal scotopic thresholds and are associated with attenuation of cone mediated multifocal ERG responses, significant thickening of post-receptor retinal laminae, and dysmorphic cone photoreceptors. These results have implications for vision and control of eye growth and refractive development and suggest future research directions. These results also lead to a proposal for noninvasive management using light that may add to the currently invasive therapeutic armamentarium against ROP. 相似文献