Development and validation of a self-management ability questionnaire for patients with chronic periodontitis

ObjectiveThis study aimed to develop and validate a self-management ability questionnaire for patients with chronic periodontitis.MethodsA questionnaire was developed through theoretical research, literature review, semi-structured interview, and expert consultation. A total of 231 patients with chronic periodontitis from the Department of Periodontics in the Stomatological Hospital of Tianjin Medical University were recruited by convenient sampling. Validity and reliability were analyzed.ResultsThe questionnaire consisted of 24 items. Exploratory factor analysis identified three principal factors, which explained 66.949% of the total variance. The item-level content validity was between 0.800 and 1.000, and the scale-level content validity was 0.969. The coefficient of correlation between the gold standard and the whole questionnaire was 0.869. Cronbach's α of the whole questionnaire was 0.931, and the test–retest reliability coefficient was 0.825.ConclusionThe questionnaire developed in this study satisfies the measurement standard and has good reliability and validity. It is useful for clinical work to measure self-management among patients with chronic periodontitis.     

脊髓损伤清洁间歇导尿患者自我管理量表的编制及信度和效度检验

摘要 目的：编制脊髓损伤清洁间歇导尿患者自我管理量表并检验其信度和效度。 方法：第一阶段：通过文献研究、半结构式访谈和Delphi法,初步拟定脊髓损伤清洁间歇导尿患者自我管理量表,并招募10例患者进行预调查。第二阶段：选取266例患者进行问卷调查,并进行信效度检验。 结果：最终形成的量表包括4个维度、37个条目。总量表的内容效度指数为0.939,探索性因子分析提取出4个公因子,4个维度的方差贡献率分别为60.887%、61.291%、64.181%、66.764%。总量表Cronbach α系数为0.969,各维度Cronbach α系数为0.755—0.937,总量表的折半信度为0.912,各维度2周后重测信度为0.733—0.933。 结论：编制的脊髓损伤清洁间歇导尿患者自我管理量表具有较好的信效度,可用于评价脊髓损伤清洁间歇导尿患者的自我管理水平。     

Development and validation of the simulation-based learning evaluation scale

BackgroundThe instruments that evaluate a student's perception of receiving simulated training are English versions and have not been tested for reliability or validity.PurposeThe aim of this study was to develop and validate a Chinese version Simulation-Based Learning Evaluation Scale (SBLES).MethodsFour stages were conducted to develop and validate the SBLES. First, specific desired competencies were identified according to the National League for Nursing and Taiwan Nursing Accreditation Council core competencies. Next, the initial item pool was comprised of 50 items related to simulation that were drawn from the literature of core competencies. Content validity was established by use of an expert panel. Finally, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted for construct validity, and Cronbach's coefficient alpha determined the scale's internal consistency reliability. Two hundred and fifty students who had experienced simulation-based learning were invited to participate in this study.ResultsTwo hundred and twenty-five students completed and returned questionnaires (response rate = 90%). Six items were deleted from the initial item pool and one was added after an expert panel review. Exploratory factor analysis with varimax rotation revealed 37 items remaining in five factors which accounted for 67% of the variance. The construct validity of SBLES was substantiated in a confirmatory factor analysis that revealed a good fit of the hypothesized factor structure. The findings tally with the criterion of convergent and discriminant validity. The range of internal consistency for five subscales was .90 to .93. Items were rated on a 5-point scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree).ConclusionsThe results of this study indicate that the SBLES is valid and reliable. The authors recommend that the scale could be applied in the nursing school to evaluate the effectiveness of simulation-based learning curricula.     

慢性乙肝和乙肝后肝硬化肝脏形态的变化

目的 探讨慢性乙肝和乙肝后肝硬化肝脏MRI形态的变化.方法 对慢性乙肝患者32例、乙肝后肝硬化患者17例及无肝脏疾病的患者(对照组)18例行MR轴位T1W、T2W及动态增强扫描,观察肝脏形态.结果 肝脏表面不规则、肝脏边缘变钝、胆囊窝扩大、肝脏右后切迹征及再生结节能提示肝硬化(P＜0.05),以其中任一种阳性诊断肝硬化,敏感度为99.85％,以其中任两种同时阳性诊断肝硬化,特异度为98.80％～99.96％;上述指标与炎症活动度无关(P＞0.05);肝脏边缘变钝提示早期肝硬化(P＜0.05),其余各指标在对照组和慢性乙肝不同分期、分级间差异无统计学意义(P均＞0.05).结论 MRI显示的肝脏形态变化能提示乙肝后肝硬化,与肝炎症活动度无关.     

Development and validation of a modified falls-efficacy scale

Purpose. This study examined the psychometric properties of a modified falls-efficacy scale (FES) that included more challenging activities of daily living items and made reference to the presence or absence of enabling assistive devices that are part of the built environment.

Method. Baseline data from a longitudinal study among a cohort of 551 community-living seniors was used to generate data to inform the current report. Data for this study was collected in seniors' homes and apartments in two neighbouring cities in Canada, Ottawa and Gatineau. Measurements included a modified falls self-efficacy scale, various health and demographic measures.

Results. Factor analysis of the instrument revealed a two-factor solution, explaining 60.3% of the variance. The two emerging subscales were: Subscale 1 – basic activities of daily living (ADLs), and subscale 2 – challenging ADLs. The modified FES demonstrated greater internal consistency and better response variability than Tinetti's original FES.

Conclusions. Adding more challenging ADL items and specifying use of assistive devices while undertaking the ADL may increase the FES' ability to distinguish between participants with varying degrees of mobility or health impairment. Recommendations for future research are offered and implications for use are discussed.     

Development and validation of gerontological nurse teacher scale

Several studies have advocated for having gerontological nurse teachers with special commitment to implement an aged-friendly curriculum, in order to facilitate student nurses' interest in gerontology careers. However, there is no existing instrument to assess whether gerontological nurse teachers possess such competences. This study describes the development and validation of an instrument for assessing the competence of gerontological nurse teachers. A total of 43 items categorized into seven constructs for the Gerontological Nurse Teacher Scale (GeNTS) emerged from the literature review in 2017. Experts (N = 19) then participated in a two-round Delphi feedback for content validity in May 2018. A pre-pilot study was then undertaken in October 2018 among undergraduate nursing students (n = 7) to ensure readability and understandability, followed by a pilot study on undergraduate nursing students (n = 196) for psychometric assessment. Based on experts’ feedback and psychometric assessment, the final version of GeNTS consists of 33 items across five constructs namely: knowledge and interest; theoretical course and practical training development; leadership; gerontology career promotion and concerns about aging. The items are score on a five-point Likert scale from 1 = completely disagree to 5 = completely agree.     

Measuring chronic patients' feelings of being a burden to their caregivers: development and preliminary validation of a scale

BACKGROUND: Burden on caregivers has been extensively studied, but the patient's own feelings of being a burden have rarely been examined. Such feelings may lead to distress and can complicate relations with the caregiver. This report describes the development and preliminary validation of a scale to measure patient-perceived burden. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A conceptual framework and scale items were derived from previous literature and from qualitative interviews with patients and health professionals. Following content validity and item clarity analyses, a 25-item scale was developed. This was then administered in a construct validation to 100 outpatients undergoing hemodialysis. RESULTS: Discriminant validity coefficients showed that burden scores were independent of age, education, and time on dialysis. Convergent analyses showed modest correlations with the number of comorbid conditions (r = 0.20, P < 0.04), functional status (r = 0.26, P < 0.01), physical function (r = 0.30, P < 0.01), and mental health (r = 0.39, P < 0.01). Alpha internal consistency was 0.92 and factor analyses revealed a single main factor. A 10-item abbreviation (alpha = 0.85) is therefore proposed. CONCLUSION: The self-perceived burden scale shows promise as a measure to identify patients in emotional distress due to feelings of being a burden on others, and as an outcome measure in intervention studies.     

肾移植受者自我管理量表的开发研究

[目的]编制肾移植受者自我管理量表,并分析其信度和效度.[方法]运用访谈及查阅文献的方法编制肾移植受者自我管理量表,并采用随机抽样的方法,现场调查280例肾移植出院受者,考察量表的信度和效度.[结果]量表的总体Cronbach'α系数为0.899,30例肾移植出院受者间隔1周重新测量,重测信度为0.857;专家对量表总体评定的内容指数(CVI)为0.927;各维度与总体的相关系数为0.682～0.874;因子分析采用主成分分析法.以特征值>1强制提取4个公因子,累积贡献率为53.680%.[结论]肾移植受者自我管理量表具有较好的信度和效度,对于了解受者的自我管理水平具有一定的应用价值.     

慢性肾脏病病人自我管理量表编制的研究

[目的]编制适用于慢性肾脏病病人的自我管理量表。[方法]运用查阅文献及专家评定的方法编制慢性肾脏病病人自我管理量表,采用随机抽样的方法,对120例慢性肾脏病病人进行调查,并于1周后随机抽取其中的30例病人进行重测,考察量表的信度和效度。[结果]量表的总体Cronbach’sα系数为0.902,重测信度为0.898,专家对量表总体评定的内容指数为0.901,各维度与总体的相关系数为0.684～0.878,因子分析采用主成分分析法,以特征值〉1强制提取4个公因子,累积贡献率为49.293%。[结论]慢性肾脏病病人自我管理量表具有较好的信度和效度,适用于了解慢性肾脏病病人的自我管理水平。     

Treatment of chronic hepatitis B

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the leading cause of chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide. Approximately 350 million individuals are infected with HBV and >500,000 deaths per year can be attributed to HBV. Although universal vaccination has reduced HBV incidence in many countries, it still remains a major public health problem, especially in parts of Asia and Africa. Improved understanding of HBV virology and virus-host interactions has revolutionized chronic hepatitis B therapy in the past two decades. Development of oral nucleoside/nucleotide analogues heralds a new era of safe and effective treatment of this disease. On the basis of these advances, new guidelines for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B have been issued. Successful long-term treatment of chronic hepatitis B may rest on combination therapy that is based on molecular approaches targeting various stages of the HBV life-cycle. In this review, we summarize the current modalities and highlight important issues in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B monoinfection.     

Increasing public awareness about hepatitis C: development and validation of the brief hepatitis C knowledge scale

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is silently becoming a major public health problem. Currently, no validated HCV knowledge measures exist. This study aimed to develop and validate a brief measure to assess general knowledge about HCV risk factors, modes of transmissions, and treatment options. A total of 406 individuals participated in this cross‐sectional study. All participants completed the proposed 19‐item Brief HCV Knowledge Scale. Participants were: HCV mono‐infected patients (n = 83), HCV–human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co‐infected patients (n = 24), HIV mono‐infected patients (n = 128) community healthcare workers (n = 89), and college students (n = 82). Two‐week test–retest data were collected for the college student sample. Psychometric evaluation of the proposed scale demonstrated high levels of validity (content and construct validity) and reliability (internal consistency and retest stability). Factor analysis indicated a one‐factor solution, which accounted for 49% of the variance. HCV knowledge was positively correlated with length of time since HCV diagnosis (r = 0.29, p < 0.05). HCV treatment‐experienced patients obtained significantly higher HCV knowledge scores (82% correct) than HCV treatment‐naïve patients (72% correct) (p < 0.05). HCV knowledge in College students (43% correct) and HIV patients (54% correct) was significantly lower than in HCV patients (77% correct) and community healthcare workers (80% correct) (p < 0.001). Community workers’ HCV knowledge was positively correlated with years of HCV work experience (r = 0.30, p < 0.01). This self‐administered Brief HCV Knowledge scale has high levels of validity and reliability across patient, healthcare provider and college student populations. It has valuable applications as a clinical teaching tool with patients and healthcare providers and could be used as an outcome indicator in novel HCV educational intervention studies.     

慢性肾脏病病人自我管理量表编制的研究

[目的]编制适用于慢性肾脏病病人的自我管理量表.[方法]运用查阅文献及专家评定的方法编制慢性肾脏病病人自我管理量表,采用随机抽样的方法,对120例慢性肾脏病病人进行调查,并于1周后随机抽取其中的30例病人进行重测,考察量表的信度和效度.[结果]量表的总体Cronbach's α系数为0.902,重测信度为0.898,专家对量表总体评定的内容指数为0.901,各维度与总体的相关系数为0.684～0.878,因子分析采用主成分分析法,以特征值>1强制提取4个公因子,累积贡献率为49.293%.[结论]慢性肾脏病病人自我管理量表具有较好的信度和效度,适用于了解慢性肾脏病病人的自我管理水平.     

经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管化疗患者自我管理行为测评量表的开发

目的 开发PICC化疗患者自我管理行为测评量表,并进行效度和信度检验.方法 参考美国斯坦福大学患者教育研究中心创建的《慢性病自我管理研究测量表》及其评分标准,结合PICC患者自我管理内容,经参考文献、专家评定,修订成《PICC化疗患者自我管理行为测评量表》.量表包括5个维度,19项量化指标,共78个条目.2010年2月至2011年11月192例乳腺癌PICC化疗患者参加了调查.结果 有效问卷178份,量表的CVI为0.906,总体Cronbachα系数为0.892.采用因子分析法,提取出特征根＞1的公因子4个,解释总方差的41.180％,每个条目在相应因子上的负荷均在03以上.结论 此测评量表具有较好的效度和信度,为研究者提供了PICC化疗患者自我管理行为评价和干预的工具.     

Development and validation of the e-learning satisfaction scale (eLSS)

AimThis study was conducted to develop the e-Learning Satisfaction Scale (eLSS) and to examine its validity and reliability.MethodsThe item pool was generated based on related scales, a literature review, and in-depth interviews with 14 participants who had e-learning experience based on the DeLone and McLean information system success theory. Subjects aged 20 or older with e-learning experience were recruited in the Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Chungcheong provinces of South Korea using convenience sampling between June and August 2021. Content validity was verified by two nursing professionals. Exploratory factor analysis, convergent validity, and internal consistency reliability were examined with 150 subjects, and confirmatory factor analysis was undertaken with 154 subjects.ResultsThe eLSS consists of 17 items with three factors: content, interface, and communication. Convergent validity with the eLSS was supported, and Cronbach's alpha was .93. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a good model fit (χ2 = 236.9, p < .001, Q = 2.11, SRMR = 0.07, RMSEA = 0.08, IFI = 0.92, AGFI = 0.97, NFI = 0.85, CFI = 0.92, PNFI = 0.70, PCFI = 0.75).ConclusionThe eLSS is a valid and reliable scale for quickly and easily measuring experiences with distance learning and the effectiveness of e-learning.     

成年人健康自我管理能力测评量表的编制及信度和效度检验

目的编制成年人健康自我管理能力测评量表,检验其信度和效度,为评估成年人健康自我管理能力提供一个有效的测评工具。方法本研究是在前期研究的基础上,选取哈尔滨和福州1205名成年人为研究对象,应用暂定版量表进行施测,并对量表的信效度进行检验。结果形成的成年人健康自我管理能力测评量表由3个分量表,7个维度和38个条目组成;其累积解释总方差的59．039％,量表具有良好的信、效度。结论本量表具有较好的信度和效度,既可作为测评成年人健康自我管理能力的工具之一,也可为以后有针对性地进行健康教育干预提供依据。     

Development and preliminary validation of the pancreatic cancer disease impact score

Objective

Patient-reported outcomes are important for clinical practice and research, and should reflect what patients perceive as important. The objective of this study was to develop and preliminarily validate a brief, patient-derived, disease-specific tool, the pancreatic cancer disease impact (PACADI) score.

Methods

The development was performed in two phases. Forty-one patients with confirmed pancreatic cancer (PC) selected dimensions of health related to the impact of the disease. A weighting of the eight most frequently reported dimensions was performed in a second sample of 80 PC patients who also rated the impact on eight numeric rating scales (NRS, range 0 to 10). The relative weights and the scores from the NRS were used to compute the PACADI score (range 0 to 10). The patients also completed Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS) and EQ-5D.

Results

Dimensions reported by more than 20 % of the patients were included in the PACADI score (relative weights in parenthesis): pain/discomfort (0.16), fatigue (0.16), anxiety (0.15), bowel/digestive problems (0.14), loss of appetite (0.13), dry mouth (0.11), itchiness (0.08), and nausea (0.07). The PACADI score in the 80 PC patients had a mean (SD) value of 3.26 (2.06) (95 % CI 2.80, 3.71), was moderately to strongly correlated to ESAS sense of well-being (r?=?0.69) and EQ-5D (r?=??0.52), and discriminated significantly between patients with and without PC.

Conclusion

The PACADI score is a new eight-item, patient-derived, disease-specific measure. Preliminary validation regarding construct validity and discrimination encourages further validation in independent patient samples.