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细胞壁缺陷对白喉棒状杆菌Tox基因影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的探讨细胞壁缺陷对白喉棒状杆菌毒力基因及其表达的影响。方法以非高渗分离培养法诱导并获得产毒性白喉棒状杆菌稳定L型纯培养物,提取白喉棒状杆菌稳定L型的染色体DNA,用Tox基因特异性引物进行PCR扩增,并进行序列测定和分析。分别采用对流免疫电泳(CIEP)和十二烷基磺酸钠-不连续聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)检测白喉棒状杆菌稳定L型可溶性代谢产物中的白喉毒素蛋白质。结果白喉棒状杆菌在氨苄青霉素作用下可发生细胞壁缺陷而成为L型,该稳定L型的传代培养物可仍然保留同其亲代细菌型一致的Tox基因及其核苷酸序列;但在其可溶性代谢产物中并未检测到白喉毒素蛋白质。结论白喉棒状杆菌稳定L型虽然保留了Tox基因但并不能表达白喉毒素蛋白质,提示细胞壁缺陷可影响Tox基因在宿主菌细胞内的表达。 相似文献
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以2450MHz连续微波辐照BABL/C,小鼠离体淋巴细胞15min,30min,60min.结果发现0.5mw·cm-2组细胞内Ca浓度明显下降,5和50mW·cm-2组辐照30min后,细胞内Ca2+明显超载,并且表现出与质膜ca2+、Mg2+-ATP酶活性变化明显相关.DNA合成结果提示,细胞内高ca2+可抑制细胞DNA合成。 相似文献
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细菌L型的研究动态(Ⅲ) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文介绍细菌L型与支原体的鉴别,细菌L型形成因素的研究,细菌L型培养基、染色和诱导。供同道参考。8细菌L型与主原体的鉴别细菌L型和支原体都无细胞壁,形态呈多形性,在固体培养基上的菌落为油煎蛋状,这些特性两者极为相似。但大部分L型菌与支原体的特性是有差别的。8.且细胞形态与结构8.1.1细胞形态细菌L型较大,可大达50pm的巨形体,也可形成长丝体,形态极不规则;支原体较小,直径0.1~0.sum,长度可达150urn,形态较规则,有的支原体有特殊形态,如肺炎支原体的典型形态为“烧瓶状”。8.1.2细胞壁稳定L型首和支原体都无细菌壁,… 相似文献
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林成水 《海峡预防医学杂志》1998,4(2):67-69
细菌L型的研究动态第一部分,已对细菌L型的研究意义,、L型的特性、培养和鉴定等作了综合报道。本文主要对细菌L型的致病性,对抗生素的敏感性、诊断和治疗等作了介绍。供有关人员参考。多年来对细菌L型的致病性认识存在着许多争论,迄今尚未解决。细菌L型是细菌的变异形态,它的最大特点是细菌的细胞壁完全或部分丧失。随之名的许多生物学特性也发生不同程度的改变,如菌体及菌落形态、染色性质、生化反应、抗原变异、产毒能力、对抗生素的敏感性等,特别是它需要高渗环境才能生存。在一般情况下人体组织内不利于细菌L型的存在,如人血清… 相似文献
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我国部分地区产毒性大肠杆菌的毒力型特征研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
检测我国7个地区369株ETEC的热敏肠毒素(LT)、人源性耐热肠毒素(STh)、猪源性耐热肠毒素(STp)以及ETEC两种主要的定居因子CFAⅠ和CFAⅡ。结果表明:我国ETEC毒力型以ST为最常见,其中又以单一STp多见,其次为单一STh;LT毒力型主要见于南方。首次阐明了我国部分地区ETEC菌株CFAⅠ和CFAⅡ的分布特点:各地CFAⅠ和CFAⅡ的总检出率为33.3%~54.6%,平均50.8%;CFAⅠ和CFAⅡ均多见于STp阳性的菌株,与一般报道相似;但我们发现:CFAⅠ和CFAⅡ在单一LT阳性的菌株中也有较高的阳性率;CFAⅡ较CFAⅠ常见,CFAⅠ则主要见于南方地区;病人、健康人和环境株的毒素型相近,CFAⅠ和CFAⅡ则病人株显著高于其它来源菌株,提示这两类定居因子在ETEC致病中的重要性 相似文献
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[目的]探讨O139群霍乱弧菌L型变异及其与ElTor型的R型血清的关系。[方法]2002~2005年,我们采用酚肉汤传代、抗生素、胆盐和蒸馏水等实验室诱导方法进行观察。[结果]发现O139群霍乱弧菌6菌株经上述方法诱导可发生L型变异,其菌落特征和菌体形态均与L型的描述相符。[结论]实验结果证实O139群霍乱弧菌可诱导成L型,通过与O1群的R型血清凝集状况,表明其L型菌株未见到抗原的完全消失,其变异过程与ElTor弧菌相似,关系密切,推测自然界中亦存在O139群霍乱弧菌L型,且仍具有致病性。 相似文献
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目的了解安尔碘(Ⅲ型)预防阑尾炎切口感染在临床的应用价值。方法将207例阑尾炎手术患者随机分成两组,分别采用安尔碘(Ⅲ型)液浸泡切口和单用生理盐水冲洗切口,观察术后预防切口感染的效果。结果应用安尔碘(Ⅲ型)组切口感染率为4.90%,生理盐水组切151感染率为26.67%,两组相比差异有显著性。结论安尔碘(Ⅲ型)液浸泡切口可有效降低阑尾炎术后切口感染发生率。 相似文献
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《中国预防医学杂志》2016,17(3):202-206
目的掌握浙江瑞安地区人感染猪链球菌Ⅱ型菌株毒力因子及分子分型情况,为诊断、治疗和制定防控措施提供科学依据。方法对2012年瑞安地区分离的病原菌进行形态学观察、生化鉴定及多位点序列分型(MLST)分析,并选取胞外因子(ef)、荚膜多糖(cps2J)、溶菌酶释放蛋白(mrp)、溶血素(sly)、谷氨酸脱氢酶(gdh)等5个猪链球菌Ⅱ型主要毒力基因进行PCR检测。结果在血、脑脊液样本中分别分离出3株猪链球菌,均属于Ⅱ型,MLST分型结果显示:1株属于ST1型、2株属于ST7型。3株病原菌分为2种毒力基因型,其中ef+/cps2J-/mrp-/sly+/gdh+1株,ef+/cps2J-/mrp+/sly+/gdh+2株。结论在瑞安地区首次分离到人感染猪链球菌Ⅱ型,其中ST1克隆株属于全球常见高致病株,ST7克隆株与四川流行株相一致,可能来源于四川。毒力基因型分析表明,这3株病原菌均为高致病型。 相似文献
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Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of the foremost causes of chronic liver disease affecting over 300 million globally. HCV contains a positive-stranded RNA of ∼9600 nt and is surrounded by the 5′ and 3′untranslated regions (UTR). The only successful treatment regimen includes interferon (IFN) and ribavirin. Like many other viruses, HCV has also evolved various mechanisms to circumvent the IFN response by blocking (1) downstream signaling actions via STAT1, STAT2, IRF9 and JAK-STAT pathways and (2) repertoire of IFN Stimulatory Genes (ISGs). Several studies have identified complex host demographic and genetic factors as well as viral genetic heterogeneity associated with outcomes of IFN therapy. The genetic predispositions of over 2000 ISGS may render the patients to become resistant, thus identification of such parameters within a subset of population are necessary for management corollary. The ability of various HCV genotypes to diminish IFN antiviral responses plays critical role in the establishment of chronic infection at the acute stage of infection, thus highlighting importance of the resistance in HCV treated groups. The recently defined role of viral protein such as C, E2, NS3/NS4 and NS5A proteins in inducing the IFN resistance are discussed in this article. How the viral and host genetic composition and epistatic connectivity among polymorphic genomic sites synchronizes the evolutionary IFN resistance trend remains under investigation. However, these signals may have the potential to be employed for accurate prediction of therapeutic outcomes. In this review article, we accentuate the significance of host and viral components in IFN resistance with the aim to determine the successful outcome in patients. 相似文献
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浙江省海、水产品霍乱弧菌污染状况调查及分子生物学研究 总被引:4,自引:3,他引:4
目的:了解浙江省海、水产品霍乱弧菌污染情况及海、水产品中霍乱弧菌的毒力特征,并对其进行耐药性和同源性分析,研究其分子特征及流行病学意义。方法:2005年7~9月采集浙江省温州、宁波、舟山的海、水产品及杭州某批发市场的甲鱼,对检出的霍乱弧菌菌株进行耐药性分析,采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)方法进行霍乱弧菌肠毒素基因(Ctx)、小带联结毒素基因(Zot)、辅助霍乱肠毒素(Ace)的检测,并参照美国CDC PulseNet的统一方法进行脉冲场凝胶电泳(PF—GE)分型并作同源性分析。结果:从采集的990份海、水产品标本中检出14株霍乱弧菌,其中分离自青蛙1株、甲鱼9株、贝类1株、甲壳类1株、鱼类1株、其它1株。经耐药性分析,菌株对诺氟沙星、头孢噻肟100%敏感;对复方新诺明、萘啶酸耐药率最高,达64.3%,其次为庆大霉素、利福平,耐药率为35.7%。毒力基因检测表明,14株霍乱弧菌中3种毒力基因均阳性的有5株,占35.7%;携带Ctx的有7株,占50.0%;只携带Zot的有4株,占28.6%;另有3株毒力基因均阴性,占21.4%。脉冲场凝胶电泳分型显示,2株稻叶1f同源;2株小川1k同源;1株小川19k降解;9株0139群霍乱弧菌除1株死亡未作分析外,其余8株分为3个型。结论:此次海、水产品检测的霍乱弧菌血清型较多,但以0139群霍乱弧菌为主,其脉冲场凝胶电泳分型较多,这与浙江省近几年霍乱时有散发和多菌型并存的特点一致。耐药率及毒力基因携带情况与广州省有较大的差别。 相似文献
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目的 考核乙脑减毒活疫苗大面积接种后的安全性和降低乙脑发病率,在乙脑高发区安徽省蒙城和涡阳县进行为期5 年(1992 ~1996 年) 的人群观察。方法 观察对象为1 ~6 岁儿童。1 岁初免1 针,2 岁加强1 针。结果 通过5 年连续观察共接种乙脑活疫苗335 941 人。表明:①疫苗对小龄儿童接种后近期和5 年内均未出现不良反应,表明疫苗是安全的。②当地乙脑平均总发病率有显著性下降,从接种观察前1987 ~1991 年的11 .34/10 万下降到1992 ~1996 年的2 .74/10 万( P< 0 .005) 。③1 ~6 岁儿童发病专率观察前5 年涡阳县平均为56 .24/10 万,蒙城县为44 .57/10 万;普种后5 年,两县分别下降至13 .83/10 万和16 .94/10 万( P< 0 .005) 。④有接种史儿童发病率明显低于无接种史的儿童(2 .21/10 万和358 .1/10 万) 。18 例死亡病例全部为无接种史者。⑤疫苗免疫一针后中和抗体阳转率为83 .87 % ~94 .74 % 。结论 乙脑活疫苗安全有效,接种后可明显提高机体的免疫力,对降低乙脑发病控制流行效果显著。 相似文献
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苯并[a]芘对大鼠脑组织中神经细胞凋亡及Bcl-2和Bax基因表达的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 观察苯并[a]芘(B[a]P)染毒大鼠神经细胞凋亡及凋亡相关基因Bcl-2、Bax蛋白的表达,以探讨B[a]P对大鼠神经毒性及其作用机制.方法 32只SD大鼠,按体重随机分为4组,每组8只,染毒组分为高、中、低3个剂量组(126.2、63.1、31.5 μg/kg的B[a]P溶液),并设溶剂对照组(50 μl/kg橄榄油),均采用侧脑室微量注射染毒处理,每周1次,连续3周;在染毒3周后采用原位末端缺口标记(TUNEL)法和免疫组织化学法分别对各组大鼠脑组织凋亡细胞的分布及Bcl-2、Bax免疫反应阳性细胞进行观察和检测.结果 TUNEL染色结果显示,在大鼠大脑皮质及海马区的细胞核中可以见到棕黄色的凋亡小体,而且随着染毒剂量的增高,出现凋亡小体的细胞数逐渐增多.与溶剂对照组相比,高剂量组大鼠大脑皮质及海马神经细胞凋亡指数(AI)均明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01或P<0.05).免疫组化染色结果显示,与溶剂对照组相比,中、高剂量染毒组大鼠大脑皮质及各剂量组海马区神经细胞的Bcl-2蛋白表达均明显下降,Bax蛋白表达均明显升高,各组大鼠皮质及海马神经细胞的Bcl-2/Bax比值均下降,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或(P<0.01).大鼠大脑皮质及海马区神经细胞AI与Bel-2呈负相关(r=-0.927,P<0.01;r=-0.934,P<0.01),AI与Bax呈正相关(r=0.858,P<0.01;r=0.874,P<0.01),AI与Bcl-2/Bax比值呈负相关(r=-0.939,P<0.01;r=-0.942,P<0.01).结论 B[a]P可引起大鼠大脑皮质及海马区神经元细胞的凋亡,且调控凋亡相关基因Bcl-2、Bax蛋白的表达,在B[a]P致神经细胞凋亡的过程中发挥了重要的作用. 相似文献
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Two new complexes ZnL2·2H2O (1) and CuL2·2H2O (2) (HL = 1-hydroxy-6-(2-(1-piperidinyl)ethoxy)xanthone) have been synthesized and characterized. Their interactions with calf thymus DNA (ct DNA) were investigated by absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, ethidium bromide (EB) displacement experiments, circular dichroism spectroscopy and viscosity measurements. Experimental results suggested that there were intercalative interactions of the complexes with DNA. The binding affinity of complex 2 was higher than that of 1. In addition, the cytotoxic effects of both complexes were evaluated with lung adenocarcinoma (GLC-82), esophagus squamous cancer (ECA109) and human gastric cancer (SGC7901) cells using MTT assay. Both were potent exhibiting significant cytotoxicity in vitro. 相似文献
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We conducted a molecular epidemiological survey of Cryptosporidium and Giardia from Bubalus bubalis (water buffalo) on two extensive farms (450 km apart) in Victoria, Australia. Faecal samples (n = 476) were collected from different age groups of water buffalo at two time points (six months apart) and tested using a PCR-based mutation scanning-targeted sequencing-phylogenetic approach, employing markers within the small subunit of ribosomal RNA (designated pSSU) and triose phosphate isomerase (ptpi) genes. Based on pSSU data, Cryptosporidium parvum, Cryptosporidium bovis and Cryptosporidium genotypes 1, 2 (each 99% similar genetically to Cryptosporidium ryanae) and 3 (99% similar to Cryptosporidium suis) were detected in two (0.4%), one (0.2%), 38 (8.0%), 16 (3.4%) and one (0.2%) of the 476 samples tested, respectively. Using ptpi, Giardia duodenalis assemblages A and E were detected in totals of 56 (11.8%) and six (1.3%) of these samples, respectively. Cryptosporidium was detected on both farms, whereas Giardia was detected only on farm B, and both genera were detected in 1.5% of all samples tested. The study showed that water buffaloes on these farms excreted C. parvum and/or G. duodenalis assemblage A, which are consistent with those found in humans, inferring that these particular pathogens are of zoonotic significance. Future work should focus on investigating, in a temporal and spatial manner, the prevalence and intensity of such infections in water buffaloes in various geographical regions in Australia and in other countries. 相似文献
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PURPOSE: A controlled-release drug delivery of contraceptive steroids levonorgestrel (LNG) and ethinyl estradiol (EE) has been developed by successful encapsulation of LNG and EE in poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLG) microspheres. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Smooth, spherical, steroid-loaded PLG microspheres with a mean size of 10-25 microm were prepared by using the water/oil/water double-emulsion solvent evaporation method. RESULTS: In vitro release profiles showed an increased burst release of LNG/EE on Week 1; thereafter, the release was sustained. At the end of Week 7, the release of LNG/EE from 1:5 and 1:10 PLG microspheres was 75.64% and 62.55%. respectively. In vitro degradation studies showed that the PLG microspheres maintained surface integrity up to Week 8 and then eroded completely by Week 20. In an in vivo study, the serum concentration of LNG/EE in rats showed a triphasic release response, with an initial burst release of 8 ng/mL LNG and 14 pg/mL EE on Day 1; thereafter, a controlled release of the drugs to the systemic circulation was maintained until Week 15, maintaining constant drug levels of 2 ng/mL LNG and 3-4 pg/mL EE in the blood. Histological examination of steroid-loaded PLG microspheres injected intramuscularly into the thigh muscle of Wistar rats showed minimal inflammatory reaction, demonstrating that contraceptive-steroid-loaded microspheres were biocompatible. CONCLUSION: This controlled-release and biocompatible nature of the PLG microspheres may have potential application in contraceptive therapy. 相似文献
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多氯联苯和苯并(a)芘联合作用对HepG2细胞CYP1A1和微核的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 探讨多氯联苯(PCBs)153通过诱导P450酶活力对苯并(a)芘[B(a)P]遗传毒性的影响.方法 PCB153设3个剂量组(1、10、100 μmol/L),B(a)P设1个剂量组(50 μmol/L),DMSO为溶剂对照组,3-甲基胆蒽(3-MC)为阳性对照组.以不同浓度的PCB153(1、10、100 μmol/L)染毒HepG2细胞48 h后再与B(a)P联合染毒24 h.通过荧光分光光度法测定HepG2细胞CYP1A1酶活力(EROD).同时采用胞质分裂阻滞法微核试验(CBMNT)分析细胞的微核,计算微核率和核分裂指数(NDI).结果 与溶剂对照组相比,1、10、100 μmol/L的PCB153和50 μmol/L的B(a)P单独染毒均可诱导EROD活力增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).与溶剂对照组比较,100 μmol/L的PCB153和50μmol/L的B(a)P可诱导微核率显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).与B(a)P单独染毒组比较,B(a)P和PCB153联合染毒时,EROD活力和微核率均显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01).与溶剂对照组比较,100 μmol/L的PCB153和50 μmol/L的B(a)P及所有联合染毒组均使HepG2细胞NDI明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01).结论 PCB153对B(a)P的遗传毒性作用具有一定的促进作用,这种促进可能与PCBl53诱导P450酶活力有关. 相似文献