3,4-二氟苯甲腈的制备

价廉易得的对氯苯甲腈经硝化、氟交换制得4-氟-3-硝基苯甲腈,再经还原、重氮化,最后经schiemann反应得剑中间体3,4-二氟苯甲腈,总收率约48%.     

6-甲基-4-苯基-3,4-二氢香豆素的合成工艺改进

目的:以浓磷酸为催化剂制备6-甲基-4-苯基-3,4-二氢香豆素.方法:以对甲酚和苯甲醛为主要原料,经脱水、环合等方法制备目标产物.结果:产品收率达74.2%.结论:该方法有效降低了酸对设备的腐蚀程度,使合成工艺条件得到了优化,利于工业化生产.     

3，5-二氟苯基硝基乙烷的合成工艺研究

3,5-二氟苯基硝基乙烷是常用的药物中间体．目前3,5-二氟苯基硝基乙烷的合成方法还有很多不足。本文以3,5-二氟苯甲醛和硝基甲烷为原料,先经过缩合反应合成中间体1-（3,5-二氟苯基）-2-硝基乙醇,再经过消除反应合成中间体1,3-二氟-5-（2-硝基）-苯乙烯,     

7-氯-6-氟-4-羟基-2-巯基喹啉-3-羧酸乙酯的合成

以价格低廉的 3-氯 - 4 -氟苯胺为起始原料,合成普卢利沙星的关键中间体 7-氯 - 6 -氟 - 4 -羟基苯并[h]吡啶- 3-甲酸乙酯获得成功。此法成本低,收率高,为进一步探索普卢利沙星的合成方法打下基础     

3,4-二甲基-2-碘代苯甲酸的合成

目的研究合成肿瘤血管破坏剂Vadimeza的关键中间体3,4-二甲基-2-碘代苯甲酸的合成方法。方法以乙醛酸(2)为起始原料,首先与乙酸酐反应生成2,2-二乙酰氧基乙酸(3),然后与氯化亚砜反应得到相应的酰氯后,与2,3-二甲基苯胺(5)进行酰化反应得到N-(2,2-二乙酰氧基)乙酰基-2,3-二甲基苯胺(6),再与盐酸羟胺反应得到N-(2-羟亚氨基)乙酰基-2,3-二甲基苯胺(7);最后经甲磺酸脱水环合、双氧水氧化开环和Sandmeyer反应得到目标产物3,4-二甲基-2-碘代苯甲酸(1)。结果合成了3,4-二甲基-2-碘代苯甲酸,7步反应总收率达到45.0%,目标产物结构经ESI-MS、1H-NMR确证。结论本合成方法原料易得,反应条件温和,适合大规模制备。     

6,7-二氟-4-羟基-2-甲氧甲硫基-3-喹啉羧酸乙酯的合成

3,4-二氟苯胺在三乙胺存在下与二硫化碳生成芳基取代的二硫代氨基甲酸后与氯甲酸乙酯反应得到3,4-二氟苯基异硫氰酸酯,先后与由丙二酸二乙酯在无机碱中成的盐和氯甲基甲醚反应后加热环合,得到氟喹诺酮类抗菌剂普卢利沙星的中间体6,7-二氟-4-羟基-2-甲氧甲硫基-3-喹啉羧酸乙酯,总收率85.7%.     

正交设计法优化6-甲基-4-苯基-3,4-二氢香豆素的制备工艺

目的:优化6-甲基-4-苯基-3,4-二氢香豆素的制备工艺条件。方法:以对甲酚和肉桂酸为主要原料,以浓磷酸为催化剂,经脱水、环合制备标题化合物。结果:获得了目标产物,收率达81.7%。结论:使用浓磷酸做催化剂,能够制得目标产物,降低了试剂对设备的腐蚀,使合成工艺条件得到了优化。     

β-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-α(S)-羟基丙酸冰片酯脂肪乳的HPLC法测定

制备并拆分丹参素冰片酯的立体异构体,得到β-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-α(S)-羟基丙酸冰片酯(1),建立了高效液相色谱法测定1脂肪乳中的1。采用C18色谱柱,以甲醇-0.2%甲酸(65︰35)为流动相,检测波长280 nm。1在10.7～685 g/ml浓度范围内线性关系良好。平均回收率为100.3%,RSD为1.34%。     

3-二氟甲氧基-2,4,5-三氟苯甲酸的合成

3-羟基-2,4,5-三氟苯甲酸酯化后在溴化四丁铵参与下与二氟氯甲烷进行醚化反应得到3-二氟甲氧基-2,4,5-三氟苯甲酸乙酯,再经水解得到氟喹诺酮类抗菌剂的中间体3-二氟甲氧基-2,4,5-三氟苯甲酸,总收率74%.     

2,5-二(溴甲基)氟苯的制备

2,5-di （Bromomethyl）fluorobenzene was synthesized from 2,5-dimethylaniline by diazotization to give 2-fluoro-p-xylene followed by bromination with NaBrO3/NaHSO3 in 46 % overall yield.     

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of a Series of Substituted Pyrazolo[3,4-d]-1,2,3-triazoles and Pyrazolo[3,4-d]oxazoles

In view of the biological relevance of triazole-based heterocyclic structures as antifungal, antiviral, and antitumor agents, we have synthesized a series of substituted pyrazolo[3,4-d]-1,2,3-triazoles ( 2e–h, 2j, 4b ) which we evaluated for their cytostatic and antiviral (HIV-1 included) activity and for their capability to inhibit the multiplication of various human pathogenic fungi and bacteria. Moreover, the biological activities of a few compounds, namely pyrazolo[3,4-d]oxazoles ( 3a–e ) and pyrazolo[3,4-d]-1,2,3-triazoles ( 2a–d, 4a, 5 ), previously obtained by us but not investigated for their biological activity, were also studied. Only compounds 3a–e were endowed with a significative antiproliferative activity on the human lymphoblastoid cell line MT-4 cells. All pyrazole derivatives proved ineffective in protecting cell cultures against the HIV-1-induced cytopathogenicity, and none of the compounds was active against the bacteria and fungi tested.     

Tricyclic Heteroaromatic Systems. Pyrazolo[3,4-c]quinolin-4-ones and Pyrazolo[3,4-c]quinoline-1,4-diones: Synthesis and Benzodiazepine Receptor Activity

Some pyrazolo[3,4-c]quinoline-4-ones 1–14 and pyrazolo[3,4-c]-quinoline-1,4-diones 15–17 were prepared and biologically evaluated for their binding at the benzodiazepine receptor (BZR) in rat cortical membranes. The moderate binding activity of 1–5,7,9–10, 13 is attributable to the lack of the optional proton acceptor at position-1, while the inactivity of the 1,4-dione derivatives 15–17 is due to the lack of the essential proton acceptor at position-3. These conclusions confirm the validity of our proposed pharmacophoric model.     

Synthesis and Anticonvulsant Activity of 6‐Alkoxy‐[1,2,4]Triazolo[3,4‐a]Phthalazines

A new series of 6‐alkoxy‐[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4‐a]phthalazines ( 3a – 3v ) were synthesized and their anticonvulsant activity and neurotoxicity were evaluated by the maximal electroshock test and the rotarod test respectively. Significant anticonvulsant activity was displayed by a number of compounds. The most promising compounds 6‐(4‐chlorobenzyloxy)‐[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4‐a]phthalazine ( 3f) and 6‐heptyloxy‐[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4‐a]phthalazine ( 3s) showed a median effective dose of 7.1 and 11.0 mg/kg, and had protective index value of 5.2 and 8.0 respectively. The two compounds were further found to have potent activity against seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole, isoniazid, thiosemicarbazide, 3‐mercaptopropionic acid but not seizures induced by strychnine, indicating that the two compounds might function by enhancing gamma‐aminobutyric acid neurotransmission.     

3-碘-1H-吡唑并[3,4-b]吡嗪的合成

2-氰基吡嗪和氯化亚砜在DMF作用下反应得3-氯-2-氰基吡嗪,经水合肼闭环得3-氨基-1H-吡唑并[3,4-6]吡嗪,再经NaNO_2/p-TsOH/K1一步完成重氮化-碘代反应得到3-碘-1H-吡唑并[3,4-b]吡嗪,总收率约31%.     

Facile one-pot synthesis and antimycobacterial evaluation of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines

The present article describes a facile one-pot synthesis of a series of eight pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines 4a-h which were evaluated for their in-vitro antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv using the Alamar-Blue susceptibility test and the activity expressed as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in mg/mL. The compounds 4b, 4c, 4d, and 4g exhibited the best results (1.2 microg/mL) when compared with first-line drugs such as isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RIP). Therefore, this class of compounds could be a good starting point to develop new lead compounds in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.     

Pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine scaffold: A review on synthetic approaches and EGFR and VEGFR inhibitory activities

The pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine core has received a lot of interest from the medicinal chemistry community as a promising framework for drug design and discovery. It is an isostere of the adenine ring of adenosine triphosphate, which allows it to mimic kinase active site hinge region binding contacts. This scaffold has a wide pharmacological and biological value, one of which is as an anticancer agent. Many successful anticancer medicines have been designed and synthesized using pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine as a key pharmacophore. The main synthetic routes of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines as well as their recent developments as promising anticancer agents acting as endothelial growth factor receptors and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitors, published in the time frame from 1999 to 2022, are summarized in this review to set the direction for the design and synthesis of novel pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives for clinical deployment in cancer treatment.     

Novel pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives inhibit human cancer cell proliferation and induce apoptosis by ROS generation

The paucity of effective anticancer drugs for successful treatment is a major concern, indicating the strong need for novel therapeutic compounds. In the quest of new molecules, the present study aimed to explore the potential of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives as antiproliferative agents. In vitro anticancer screening of selected compounds was done by the National Cancer Institute's Developmental Therapeutics Programme against a panel of 60 cancer cell lines. The lead compound PP-31d considerably inhibited the growth of cancer cells, such as NCI-H460 (non-small-cell lung cancer), OVCAR-4 (ovarian cancer), 786-0 (renal cancer), A549 (non-small-cell lung cancer), and ACHN (renal cancer), showing strong anticancer potential, among other derivatives. Kinetic studies of PP-31d on NCI-H460 cells revealed a dose-dependent effect with an IC₅₀ of 2 µM. The observed inhibition by PP-31d is attributed to the generation of reactive oxygen species and the subsequent induction of cellular apoptosis, as evidenced by the increase in the hypodiploid (subG1) population, the early apoptotic cell population, and caspase-3/7 activity, the loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential, and the degradation of nuclear DNA. Collectively, our results demonstrated that pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives inhibit cancer cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis and, thus, have the potential to be further explored for anticancer properties.     

[5‐14C]‐4‐methyltriazolepyridines via facile preparation of methyl‐[14C]‐isothiocyanate

A fast and convenient microwave assisted one‐pot synthesis of methyl‐[¹⁴C]‐isothiocyanate 4 was shown. The continued one‐pot synthesis with 4 to a highly refined material like [5‐¹⁴C]‐dimethylsulfanyltriazolepyridines 8 and 13 without any intermediate purification, six steps in the same pot from [¹⁴C]KCN. Oxidation of the sulfur provided access to triazole‐ethers upon reaction with alcohols. The triazole‐ethers, 15, were obtained at fair to good yields and specific activities above 2 GBq/mmol. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Antihyperalgesic effects of a novel muscarinic agonist (LASSBio‐873) in spinal nerve ligation in rats

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微波法合成维拉帕米中间体-2-（3，4-二甲氧基苯基）-3-甲基苯丁腈

目的采用微波法合成2-（3，4-二甲氧基苯基）-3-甲基苯丁腈。方法以3，4-二甲氧基苯乙腈和2-溴丙烷为原料，加入相转移催化剂苄基三乙基氯化铵，利用微波反应器进行烃化反应得到目标物。结果在电流30mA下辐射6min时，反应收率最高，可达64.5%。产物结构经液相色谱和核磁共振氢谱确认。结论此合成方法操作简便，反应时间短，明显提高反应效率。