表面置换术治疗中青年股骨头缺血性坏死

目的探讨采用表面置换术治疗中青年股骨头坏死的临床效果。方法对11例（14髋）Ficat分期为Ⅲ期或早Ⅳ期的股骨头坏死患者采用股骨头表面置换术，并对假体的形状进行了改进，其中男7例，女4例，年龄35～49岁。对13例（16髋）Ficat分期为Ⅲ期或早Ⅳ期股骨头坏死患者采用全髋表面置换术，其中男8例，女5例，年龄23～48岁。结果股骨头表面置换术患者术后随访1～5年，髋关节Harris评分从术前平均39分增至91分；X线片示假体无松动移位，近段股骨和髋臼无骨吸收和骨溶解，髋关节间隙除1例轻度狭窄外余均无磨损征象，无1例翻修。全髋表面置换术患者术后随访6个月～3年4个月，Harris评分从术前平均30分增至93分，有1例因技术原因术后半年假体松动而进行翻修，评为失败。结论表面置换术是治疗中青年股骨头缺血性坏死较为理想的一种方法。     

全髋关节表面置换术治疗股骨头坏死近期结果

目的 对全髋表面置换术治疗股骨头坏死的近期疗效作一小结，了解影响疗效的因素。方法 自2000年10月～2004年12月，对15例18髋FicatⅢ、Ⅳ期股骨头坏死进行了全髋关节表面置换术，平均年龄39岁（23～49岁）。手术方法按照Amstutz和Nelson提出的标准方法进行，术后进行定期随访。结果 平均随访3．5年（6～50个月），无股骨颈骨折、无脱位、无感染。1例髋臼假体周围发现有透亮带，1例因股骨头假体位置不佳已行翻修。术前平均Harris评分30分，术后为90分，最近一次随访平均评分93分（89～98分）。评价：优16髋，良1髋，差1髋。结论全髋关节表面置换术是治疗FicatⅢ、Ⅳ期且年龄较轻股骨头缺血性坏死的有效方法，近期随访结果满意。     

半髋表面置换治疗股骨头缺血性坏死的近、中期疗效分析

目的探讨半髋表面置换术治疗股骨头缺血性坏死的近、中期疗效与股骨假体的柄干角和下沉的关系。方法41例(48髋)金属半髋表面置换患者手术时的平均年龄为36.7岁,随访至少3年。均诊为股骨头缺血性坏死,FicatⅢ期35髋、Ⅳ期13髋;其髋臼相对正常。在术后骨盆X线片上测量股骨假体的柄干角,观察其下沉情况。结果全部病例均获随访,平均5.2年(3～8年)。平均的UCLA髋关节功能评分明显改善(P=0.001),5年生存率为83%。按UCLA评分标准,FicatⅢ期35髋术后的满意率为88.6%;Ⅳ期13髋术后的满意率为69.2%(P<0.05)。8髋(FicatⅢ期、Ⅳ期各4髋)疗效差,归为失败组。计算机辅助的X线片分析显示6髋的股骨假体有明显下沉(其柄干角小于130°),2髋的髋臼有破坏(1髋柄干角为128°,1髋为136°)。疗效好的40髋(成功组)的平均柄干角为139°,而失败组的平均柄干角为127°(P<0.05)。失败组中,6髋假体头中心和假体柄尖的下沉分别为5.02mm和4.85mm,其柄干角均小于130°;而成功组假体头中心和假体柄尖的下沉仅为1.48mm和1.04mm(P<0.05)。柄干角小于130°者其发生不良后果的机会增加7.1倍。计算机辅助的X线片分析显示股骨假体超过2mm下沉的时间为19.5个月,临床出现症状的时间为35.6个月(P<0.01)。结论金属半髋表面置换术的近、中期疗效满意。较大的股骨假体的柄干角可以减少股骨头颈区域的压力,从而可以减少下沉,提高存活率。运用计算机辅助的X线片分析可以预测假体的失败。     

全髋表面置换术治疗股骨头坏死

目的:探讨全髋表面置换术治疗股骨头缺血性坏死的疗效和适应证.方法:回顾性分析17例(21髋)股骨头缺血性坏死患者的临床资料.其中男10例,女7例;年龄25～51岁,平均36岁.其中Ficat Ⅲ期8髋,Ficat Ⅳ期13髋.均行金属全髋表面置换术.取Gibson后外侧切口,采用非骨水泥型假体.处理股骨头时,以颈干角通过股骨头中心打入1根导针,用空心钻头钻孔后插入导引杆,再用圆柱形的股骨头切割器锉去股骨头的多余部分,在股骨头上钻孔,将骨水泥涂抹在股骨头和假体上,将假体柄插入股骨颈中心轴骨孔内,冲紧到位,等待骨水泥固化.术后Harris评分分析,并进性统计学分析(t检验),定期复查X线片.结果:全部病例均获得随访,随访时间18～42个月,平均32个月.髋关节功能Harris评分由术前的平均(35.30±5.23)分提高到术后(90.47±3.14)分,优良率90.5％,手术前后Harris评分差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).X线摄片发现2例髋臼假体周围出现透亮线,而无松动迹象.结论:全髋表面置换术是治疗中晚期股骨头缺血性坏死的理想方法,它能恢复正常的关节生物力学及负载传递,提高了关节的稳定性,延缓了全髋关节置换,不影响日后的翻修效果,且创伤小、操作简便、感染率低.适用于FicatⅢ期及部分FicatⅣ期的股骨头坏死,股骨颈破坏少,特别是活动量大的年轻患者.     

髋关节表面置换术治疗FicatⅢ期股骨头坏死的疗效分析

目的探讨半髋关节表面置换术和全髋关节表面置换术治疗股骨头缺血性坏死的疗效。方法从1997年6月至2006年7月广西医科大学第一附属医院脊柱骨病科收治的FicatⅢ期股骨头缺血性坏死的患者38例（42髋），患者手术时的年龄29—51岁，平均（37．5±9．2）岁，其中男31例，女7例。其中31例（35髋）行了半髋关节表面置换术，7例（7髋）行了全髋关节表面置换术，所有患者病变部位的术后病理检查均为股骨头缺血性坏死。于术前和随访时采用UCLA髋关节功能评分标准对患者手术前后疼痛、步行、功能、活动进行评分。采用复诊的方式进行随访，于术后2个月开始第1次随访，每年随访1次，共随访1—13年。两组样本间均数比较采用独立样本t检验（并做方差齐性检验）。结果全部患者均获随访，平均8．4年。主要观察指标为：纳入患者髋关节表面置换手术前后UCLA评分的比较；患者半髋和全髋关节表面置换术后疗效的比较。UCLA髋关节功能评分：疼痛、步行、功能、活动的评分由术前的（3．4±1．3）分、（4．8±1．9）分、（5．9±2．8）分、（5．8±2．7）分分别提高到术后的（8．7±2．4）分、（9．0±2．8）分、（8．4±3．3）分、（7．6±3．0）分，两者之间的差异有统计学意义（t值分别为11．48、7．34、3．42、2．64，P〈0．01）。其中半髋关节表面置换术35髋术后的满意率为89％，与全髋关节表面置换术7髋术后的满意率相近（100％，x^2=0．05，P〉0．05）。结论半髋关节表面置换术和全髋关节表面置换术是一种可供选择的向全髋关节置换术过渡的较好的治疗方法，可以恢复中FicatⅢ期股骨头缺血性坏死患者的髋关节功能；半髋关节表面置换术和全髋关节表面置换术的中远期疗效是否有差异尚有待进一步观察。     

表面置换治疗股骨头缺血性坏死近期疗效观察

[目的]评价髋关节表面置换（THSR）治疗重度青壮年股骨头缺血性坏死（NFH）的临床疗效。[方法]自2001年6月～2005年10月，对18例22髋股骨头缺血性坏死（FicatⅢ、Ⅳ期）行全髋关节表面置换术，平均年龄42．5岁。[结果]18例患者均获随访，随访平均32个月（6～43个月），术前Harris评分35分，术后92分。评价：优16髋，良5髋，可1髋。[结论]对于FicatⅢ、Ⅳ期股骨头坏死采用全髋表面置换，近期疗效满意。     

金属对金属髋关节表面置换术治疗重度股骨头无菌性坏死的短期临床效果

目的探讨新一代的金属对金属髋关节表面置换术治疗重度股骨头无菌性坏死（FicatⅢ、Ⅳ）的短期临床效果。方法对28例（33髋）诊断为股骨头无菌性坏死的患者行金属对金属髋关节表面置换手术。股骨头无菌性坏死程度按照Ficat分期：Ⅲ期24例（27髋），Ⅳ期4例（6髋），手术时的平均年龄是48岁（21-77岁），其中男患者17例（60.7%），女患者11例（39.3%）。术后随访内容包括所有患者的临床及影像学资料。结果平均随访时间为24个月（11-35个月），在随访期内未发生髋关节脱位、深静脉栓塞、感染、股骨颈骨折等并发症。临床结果显示，Harris髋关节评分较术前显著提高，术后平均Harris评分为92.6分，术前平均Harris评分为48.5分。影像学资料显示所有假体在位，未观察到放射性透亮带。所有患者疼痛解除，髋关节活动度也明显改善，术后早期活动无任何受限。结论金属对金属髋关节表面置换术治疗重度股骨头坏死的早期临床效果满意，其远期效果仍有待于观察。     

保留股骨头手术治疗股骨头缺血性坏死1005例临床分析

目的探讨股骨头缺血性坏死保留股骨头的外科治疗方法。方法对采用带旋股外侧血管升支髂骨瓣、带旋股外侧血管横支大转子骨瓣、带旋股外侧血管降支骨膜支骨膜瓣及旋髂深血管蒂髂骨瓣及联合骨瓣方法治疗并获得临床随访的1005例患者（1226髋）进行回顾分析。其中男性579例（695髋）,女性426例（53l髋）;年龄17～65岁,平均年龄37.4岁;Ficat Ⅱ期485髋,Ⅲ期473髋,Ⅳ期268髋;Harris髋关节功能评分平均56.2分;术后随访1.5～15年,平均随访5.1年。根据Harris髋关节功能评分标准进行临床评价,根据手术前后Ficat分期改变进行影像学评价。结果57例61髋于术后1～6年改行人工全髋关节置换术。股骨头得到重建的病例,术后Harris髋关节功能评分提高至平均85.8分,其中临床成功率为89.4％（104l髋）,影像学成功率为75.4％（878髋）。Ficat Ⅱ期优良率为95.3％,Ⅲ期为87.9％,Ⅳ期为60.8％。结论应用显微外科技术,针对不同程度的股骨头缺血性坏死采用单纯或联合带血管蒂骨（膜）瓣转移,是青壮年股骨头缺血性坏死患者保留股骨头的有效治疗方法。     

全髋置换术治疗晚期股骨头缺血性坏死

目的评价全髋置换术(THA)治疗不同原因引起的晚期(Ficat Ⅲ、Ⅳ)股骨头缺血性坏死(AVN)的疗效.方法41例(55髋)行初次生物型全髋置换术患者(男24例,女17例,平均年龄48.5岁)分为两组,第1组为无系统性疾病组(包括创伤后和特发性的股骨头AVN),共17髋,第2组为有系统性疾病组(乙醇中毒、服用类固醇激素、镰状红细胞性贫血引起的股骨头AVN),共38髋.两组随访时间、体重、Ficat分期和所用的假体差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).采用Harris髋评分系统评估临床疗效,连续的X线观察评估股骨侧假体的移位与稳定性.结果38例52髋获得随访,第1组平均随访时间(40.0±7.5)个月,第2组平均随访时间(38.0±6.6)个月.术后Harris评分平均为(86.8±9.4)分,其中优30髋,良9髋,一般10髋,差3髋;第1组平均(91.6±8.9)分,第2组(84.4±10.1)分,差异有显著性统计学意义(P＜0.05).股骨侧假体平均下沉(2.55±1.23)mm,第1组(1.75±1.43)mm,无一例因无菌性松动行股骨侧假体柄翻修,第2组(2.63±1.11)mm,6例(8髋)因无菌性松动行股骨侧假体柄的翻修,两组股骨侧假体平均下沉差异有显著性统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论全髋置换术是治疗晚期股骨头缺血性坏死的有效方法,特发性或创伤后股骨头缺血性坏死的术后效果好于由类固醇、乙醇、镰状红细胞贫血引起的股骨头缺血性坏死,对后者应进行严密的监测,以便及早进行手术干预.     

无柄人工髋关节置换术的初步临床应用

目的 评价无柄人工髋关节置换术的早期随访结果,探讨其临床应用的安全性及可行性.方法 2002年2月至2007年3月,对51例56髋施行无柄人工髋关节置换术.男31例34髋,女20例22髋;年龄25～87岁,平均56.2岁.术前髋关节Harris评分平均(72.4±8.4)分.新鲜股骨颈骨折6例6髋,股骨颈骨折继发股骨头坏死4例4髋,股骨头缺血性坏死(FicatⅢ-Ⅳ期)34例37髋,强直性脊柱炎髋关节强直2例3髋,类风湿髋关节炎2例3髋,髋关节结核3例3髋.全髋关节置换50髋,半髋关节置换6髋.以Harris评分评价术后疗效,用Amstutz分区方法对X线片进行分区评价,观察假体位置及并发症情况.结果 全部病例随访2～7年,平均4.8年.髋关节Harris评分平均(92.8+3.2)分,其中优44髋、良7髋、可4髋、差1例,优良率91%.术后第2,3天发生关节脱位2例,经手法复位成功;术后40天发生感染1例,行关节腔病灶清除及持续关节腔冲洗后治愈;术后半年髋区疼痛1例,行有柄全髋关节翻修.随访期间X线片未见关节松动、脱位及螺钉松动、断裂等情况.结论 无柄人工髋关节置换术可保留股骨颈,创伤小、出血少易于于翻修,适合高龄体弱及年轻患者.早期疗效可靠,远期疗效有待进一步观察.     

Comparison between bipolar hemiarthroplasty and THA for osteonecrosis of the femoral head

It is controversial whether bipolar hemiarthroplasty or total hip arthroplasty should be done for Ficat Stage III osteonecrosis of the femoral head. A prospective comparative study was done using the same cementless femoral components for both procedures. Forty cementless bipolar hemiarthroplasties and 31 cementless total hip arthroplasties were done in 54 patients with Ficat Stage III osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Age, gender, and followup were matched between patients having bipolar hemiarthroplasty and total hip arthroplasty. Treatment with total hip arthroplasty increased the total hip score more than treatment with bipolar hemiarthroplasty. The final pain score especially showed a significant difference between patients who had a bipolar hemiarthroplasty (5.5) and patients who had a total hip arthroplasty (5.9). Thigh pain occurred in four patients (four hips) from the bipolar hemiarthroplasty group and in six patients (six hips) from the total hip arthroplasty group. In the bipolar hemiarthroplasty group, gluteal pain occurred in six patients (six hips, 15%) and groin pain occurred in eight patients (eight hips, 20%). Dislocation occurred in two hips (two patients) in each group. The outer head migrated superiorly in nine hips (nine patients) (23%) from the bipolar hemiarthroplasty group. Because of the incidence of gluteal and groin pain and migration, total hip arthroplasty is a better procedure than bipolar hemiarthroplasty for patients with Ficat Stage III osteonecrosis of the femoral head.     

双极人工股骨头与全髋关节置换术在老年患者股骨头缺血性坏死FicatⅢ期的中远期随访比较

目的比较生物型双极人工股骨头置换与全髋置换术治疗老年FicatⅢ期股骨头缺血性坏死患者的中远期疗效。方法对获得随访的61例（64髋）FicatⅢ期股骨头缺血性坏死患者,其中23例（24髋）行生物型双极人工股骨头置换、38例（40髋）行全髋关节置换术对其行回顾分析比较,观察手术前后Harris评分和术后髋部疼痛、影像学变化等情况。结果术后随访5～13年（平均8年）,末次随访Harris评分全髋置换组（88.5±8.9）分,较股骨头置换组（73.5±8.3）分高,差异有统计学意义（t=6.69,P〈0.05）。在疼痛发生率及翻修率上股骨头置换组分别为37.5%（9/24）、29.2%（7/24）,均较全髋置换组10%（4/40）、7.5%（2/40）高,差异有统计学意义（2=5.41、2=5.39,P均〈0.05）。随访X线检查假体位置,股骨头置换组9例出现髋臼磨损,发生率为37.5%;全髋置换组髋臼松动率为2.5%（1/40）,假体柄松动率为5%（2/40）;股骨头置换组5例出现股骨柄松动,发生率为20.8%（5/24）,两组在股骨柄松动发生率上差异无统计学意义（2=2.41,P〉0.05）;在股骨侧骨溶解发生率上股骨头置换组20.8%（5/24）与全髋关节置换组22.5%（9/40）间的差异无统计学意义（2=2.44,P〉0.05）。结论治疗老年FicatⅢ期股骨头缺血性坏死选择双极股骨头置换术应慎重,对于大多数患者,应积极选用生物型全髋置换术。     

Five- to fifteen-year clinical results and the radiographic evaluation of acetabular changes after bipolar hip arthroplasty for femoral head osteonecrosis

We have studied 36 hips in 30 patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head who were treated with bipolar hip arthroplasty. Follow-up period was 5 to 15 (average 7.7) years. Five hips were revised. Hips were divided into 2 groups. Sixteen hips with Ficat stage II or III osteonecrosis were assigned into group I, and 15 hips with Ficat stage IV osteonecrosis were assigned into group II. There was no statistical difference between the clinical results of the 2 groups (P = .74). Radiographically, there was minimal migration in group I. There was a statistical significance in superior migration between subgroups with and without osteolysis in group II (P < .01). We emphasize that bipolar hip arthroplasty is indicated for Ficat stage II or III in osteonecrosis of the femoral head.     

Use of TARA hemiarthroplasty in advanced osteonecrosis

The results of 25 TARA hemiarthroplasty procedures performed on 21 patients with radiographically documented Ficat stages III and IV osteonecrosis are reported. The average patient age at the time of surgery was 37.6 years (range, 22-55 years). The average length of follow-up study was 37 months (range, 25-60 months). Preoperative Harris hip scores averaged 51 points (range, 22-69 points). Postoperative scores averaged 90 points (range, 66-100 points). Good or excellent results were obtained in 22 of 25 hips. There were no cases of infection or component dislocation. Three component revisions were performed in two patients. Four patients required removal of trochanteric wires and one patient had excision of heterotopic ossification. This procedure appears to offer selected young patients with advanced femoral head osteonecrosis a very satisfactory initial result, while preserving many options for subsequent revision procedures.     

Treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head by using the greater trochanteric bone flap with double vascular pedicles

The use of the bone flap transfer has been reported to be successful in treatment of patients with early to medium stage (Ficat and Arlet stage I‐III) osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). We examined the vascular anatomy and blood supply of the greater trochanter area and evaluated the feasibility of revascularization of the femoral head by using the bone flap pedicled with transverse and gluteus medius branches of the lateral circumflex femoral artery. Based on the anatomy study, from January 2002 to May 2004, 32 ONFH patients were treated with the greater trochanteric bone flap pedicled with double blood vessels. Fifteen femoral heads were Ficat and Arlet stage II and 17 were stage III. The mean follow‐up was 99.5 months. Two of the 32 patients required a total hip replacement due to severe hip pain after surgery. The overall Harris hip score improved from a mean of 55.2 points to 85 points. Our data suggest the procedure is relatively easy to perform, less donor‐site morbidity and useful for young patients with stages II to III disease with or without mild collapse of the femoral head. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery 33:593–599, 2013.     

钻孔减压自体松质骨打压植骨结合同种异体腓骨棒植入治疗早期股骨头坏死的近期疗效观察

目的回顾性分析钻孔减压基础上自体松质骨植入结合同种异体腓骨移植治疗早期股骨头坏死（ONFH）（塌陷前期）的近期临床疗效。方法从2009年8月至2011年5月,本组共19例（19髋）诊断为ONFH（FicatⅡ期）患者接受股骨头钻孔减压、经减压通道清除股骨头坏死骨并取转子间区自体松质骨打压植骨,经通道植入经深低温冷冻处理的同种异体腓骨棒治疗。患者年龄26～47岁,平均36.4岁,男17例,女2例。15例为酒精性ONFH,4例为激素性ONFH。其中15例为双侧ONFH,7例一侧因股骨头塌陷同时接受全髋关节置换治疗,8例因另外一侧无症状或已塌陷但临床症状不明显而接受观察、保守治疗。术前采用Harris评分系统进行患髋评分。术后予以对症治疗,定期随访、拍片复查。结果本组16例（16髋）获得随访,失访3例,其中末次电话随访3例（3髋）,平均随访14个月。Harris评分由术前74分提高到末次随访时的85分（78～96分）。酒精性ONFH患者和激素性ONFH患者之间术前及术后Harris评分无明显差别。影像学检查显示,移植同种异体腓骨位置良好,顶端位于股骨头关节面软骨下骨5～8mm,平均6.6mm,腓骨顶端于股骨头外上方负重区;无1例发生腓骨脱出。1例1髋病情进展股骨头发生塌陷,无1例接受全髋关节置换治疗。无感染（包括浅表感染和深部移植之腓骨周围感染）,无术中、术后股骨转子间或股骨颈骨折发生。结论髓芯减压结合自体松质骨移植基础上,植入同种异体腓骨对早期ONFH近期临床疗效满意,中远期临床效果尚待进一步观察。     

Resurfacing of only the femoral head for osteonecrosis: Long-term follow-up study

Fourteen patients (21 hips) with osteonecrosis of the femoral head with collapse had the femoral head resurfaced with a cemented titanium shell. All of the femoral heads were Ficat stage III or IV. Of the 21 surgeries, 7 were failures. Treatment for all 4 patients with sickle cell disease or trait failed (100%). When the cases of 17 patients who did not have sickle cell disease or trait were reviewed separately, the success rate was 14 of 17 (82%). The follow-up periods (all > 5 years) of the 14 successful patients in this group averaged 6.2 years, and their average Harris hip score was 87 (10 excellent, 4 good). Of the 14 successes, 10 patients had a follow-up period longer than 5 years (average, 7.7 years) and an average Harris hip score of 94 (7 excellent, and 3 good). There was no evidence of loosening and there was no osteolysis. It is concluded that this operation provides an alternative to hemiarthroplasty, total joint arthroplasty surgery, or bipolar arthroplasty. This is a time-buying first-stage operation and, for younger patients, will not last a lifetime. The concept appears prudent because the surgical procedure is directed at the site of primary disease, the femoral head.     

Umbrella-shaped, memory alloy femoral head support device for treatment of avascular osteonecrosis of the femoral head

Purpose

Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head is a common orthopaedic disease that is difficult to treat. The purpose of this study was to explore the preliminary efficacy of a self-designed umbrella-shaped memory alloy femoral head support device in the treatment of adult patients with avascular osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Methods

The minimally-invasive approach involved curettage of the necrotic tissue of the femoral head, and a self-designed umbrella-shaped, memory alloy femoral head support device was implanted into the collapsed necrotic area to support the collapsed femoral head. Autologous iliac bone and artificial bone were implanted into the support device for the treatment of adult patients with avascular osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Results

The clinical device was used in ten patients and 18 hip joints. The support device failed in one hip joint, which subsequently underwent joint replacement surgery, and the remaining 17 implanted devices were followed up for four to 19 months. The 17 postoperative hip joints were evaluated using the percent-efficacy evaluation method for avascular osteonecrosis of the femoral head in adult patients, and the efficacy rate was 82.35 %.

Conclusion

The umbrella-shaped femoral head support device can be used in Ficat stage I, stage II, and stage III adult patients with avascular osteonecrosis of the femoral head.     

Treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head with core decompression and human bone morphogenetic protein

A retrospective evaluation was done of 15 patients (17 hips) with symptomatic osteonecrosis of the hip treated with core decompression combined with an allogeneic, antigen-extracted, autolyzed fibula allograft and 50 mg of partially purified human bone morphogenetic protein and noncollagenous proteins. The average duration of clinical followup of the patients was 53 months (range, 26-94 months). The osteonecrotic involvement of the hip was classified by plain radiographs using a modification of the Ficat staging system and MRI evaluations. Fifteen hips were classified as Ficat Stage IIA, one hip (one patient) was classified as Ficat Stage IIB, and one hip (one patient) was classified as Ficat Stage III. Fourteen hips had involvement of 50% or less of the femoral head and 2/3 or less involvement of the weight-bearing surface of the femoral head, based on a magnetic resonance imaging evaluation. The procedures were a clinical success in 14 of 15 hips (93%; 13 patients) with Stage IIA disease. Three of 17 hips (three patients) had radiographic progression (Ficat Stages IIA, IIB, and III) of the femoral head and were converted to total hip replacements. Only one of seven hips (six patients) with 50% or less involvement of the femoral head and between 1/3 and 2/3 of the weightbearing surface of the femoral head developed radiographic progression of the femoral head. There was no radiographic progression in the 3 hips with less than 1/3 involvement of the weightbearing surface of the femoral head. Further evaluation of the potential efficacy of bone morphogenetic protein is required in randomized trials.