角果木提取物Tagalsin对H22荷瘤小鼠Survivin和Caspase-3表达的影响

目的 探讨角果木提取物Tagalsin对H22肝癌细胞的抑制作用及其机制.方法 将H22肝癌细胞原位接种于小鼠肝脏,建立小鼠原位移植性肝癌模型,建立模型第10天将小鼠随机分为食用油空白对照组、卡莫氟阳性对照组和Tagalsin低、中、高剂量治疗组,末次给药24 h后处死小鼠;观察各组荷瘤小鼠的生存状态及体重变化,并计算各组小鼠的肿瘤近似体积和脾脏指数;观察肿瘤组织病理学变化;免疫组化方法检测各组Caspase-3、Survivin蛋白的表达;逆转录-酶链聚合反应(RT-PCR)技术检测Caspase-3、Survivin基因的表达.结果 Tagalsin能有效抑制H22肝癌细胞的生长,高剂量可使荷瘤小鼠的脾脏指数降低(P<0.01).Tagalsin低、中、高剂量治疗组的抑瘤率分别为17.89%、63.1%、71.78%,卡莫氟组的抑瘤率为63.12%;阳性对照组及Tagalsin中、高剂量治疗组Caspase-3蛋白的表达高于空白对照组(P均<0.05),而Survivin蛋白的表达低于空白对照组(P均<0.05);与空白对照组相比,Tagal-sin各治疗组及阳性对照组Caspase-3基因水平显著上调(P<0.05或P<0.01),而高剂量组及阳性对照组Survivin基因水平下调(P均<0.01).病理变化:Tagalsin高剂量组及阳性对照组肿瘤细胞体积缩小,胞浆浓染,核固缩,核仁不清,肿瘤细胞可见破碎,有较多凋亡细胞分布.结论 Tagalsin对H22肝癌细胞具有明显抑制作用,其机制可能与上调Caspase-3基因表达而下调Survivin基因的表达有关.     

巴豆生物碱对Lewis小鼠肺腺癌细胞生长和凋亡的影响及机制研究

目的 通过研究巴豆生物碱（CA）对Lewis小鼠肺腺癌细胞生长及对凋亡相关蛋白（Survivin、Caspase-3、Bax）、YAP蛋白的调控作用,探讨CA对肺腺癌细胞生长和凋亡的影响及其具体的作用机制。方法 培养Lewis鼠源性肺腺癌细胞（LLC）,复制小鼠皮下成瘤模型,分为5组,每组10只,分别为对照组、低剂量CA组、中剂量CA组、高剂量CA组及顺铂组。皮下成瘤1周后给予药物干预,第22天对5组小鼠取瘤称重,计算抑瘤率并通过光学显微镜观察各组病理形态学的变化,判断CA对瘤体生长的抑制作用;Western blotting检测Survivin、Caspase-3、Bax及YAP蛋白相对表达量;qRT-PCR法检测Survivin、Caspase-3、Bax及YAP mRNA相对表达量。结果 中剂量CA组和高剂量CA组小鼠的一般生存状态较对照组、低剂量CA组及顺铂组好。低剂量CA组、中剂量CA组、高剂量CA组及顺铂组肿瘤细胞出现不同程度细胞凋亡现象,对照组肿瘤细胞多为坏死细胞。低剂量CA组、中剂量CA组、高剂量CA组及顺铂组的抑瘤率分别是13.91％、14.83％、27.84％和68.45％,4组抑瘤率比较,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）,各组抑瘤率依次升高,顺铂组肿瘤生长最慢。不同剂量CA组中Survivin mRNA相对表达量低于对照组（P <0.05）,CA剂量越高,Survivin mRNA相对表达量越低;而不同剂量CA组中Caspase-3和Bax mRNA相对表达量高于对照组（P <0.05）,CA剂量越高,Caspase-3和Bax mRNA的相对表达量越高;各组YAP mRNA的相对表达量比较,差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）。结论 CA对Lewis肺腺癌小鼠瘤体生长有抑制作用,并引起细胞凋亡。CA通过促进Bax和Caspase-3表达及抑制Survivin表达来调控Lewis小鼠肺腺癌细胞凋亡;其调控机制可能是通过下调Survivin的表达,从而使得Survivin对Caspase-3的抑制作用减弱,而Bax上调可进一步激活Caspase-3,从而诱导Caspase级联效应促进细胞凋亡,为肺腺癌治疗提供了新思路。     

熟地黄多糖诱导肝癌细胞凋亡及对STAT3信号通路的影响

目的 观察熟地黄多糖(RGP)对信号转导及转录活化因子STAT3活性的调控、对凋亡抑制基因生存素Survivin的影响;观察凋亡细胞的形态学变化,探讨其促进细胞凋亡的作用及影响. 方法 将 H22肝癌腹水型瘤株移植于小鼠皮下,50只实体瘤模型小鼠随机分5组,采用不同剂量的RGP(1000,500,250 mg/kg)灌胃给药,环磷酰胺40 mg/kg腹腔注射给药.检测免疫器官指数、巨噬细胞功能及抑瘤率;应用原位末端标记法测定各组肿瘤细胞的凋亡指数,观察形态学改变;采用免疫组织化学法检测瘤体 STAT3及 Survivin 的表达情况;应用Western-blot检测STAT3及Survivin蛋白的表达情况. 结果 RGP作用于 H22肝癌细胞后,高、中、低剂量RGP组的抑瘤率分别为34.76%,45.69% 和30.32%,免疫器官指数(P<0.05)和巨噬细胞功能(P< 0.05)提示RGP可改善机体免疫力.RGP各组的凋亡指数与模型组比较均显著升高,差别均有统计学意义(P<0.01).免疫组织化学结果显示,高、低剂量RGP组的STAT3及Survivin表达水平与模型组比较明显降低(P<0.05),中剂量RGP组的STAT3及Survivin表达水平与模型组比较,差别有统计学意义(P<0.01).Western-blot检测结果表明,中剂量RGP组的STAT3及Survivin蛋白表达与模型组比较,差别有统计学意义(P<0.01). 结论 RGP可促进细胞凋亡,并有一定调节免疫的作用,其机制可能与 RGP 抑制 STAT3信号转导通路、并进一步抑制Survivin等下游靶基因的表达有关.     

三叶青乙酸乙酯提取物对小鼠Lewis肺癌的抑制作用

目的探讨三叶青乙酸乙酯提取物对小鼠Lewis肺癌移植瘤的抑瘤效应及其作用机制。方法采用动物移植性肿瘤实验法腋下接种Lewis肺癌细胞制备小鼠荷瘤模型。观察三叶青乙酸乙酯提取物对瘤重、抑瘤率的影响;并用TUNEL法检测肿瘤细胞凋亡,免疫组化法和real time RT-PCR法检测瘤组织中Bcl-2、Bax、caspase-3的表达。结果三叶青各剂量组抑瘤率和肿瘤细胞凋亡率均高于模型对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01),其效应呈浓度依赖性;各剂量组Bcl-2的蛋白和mRNA表达下降(P<0.05或P<0.01)、Bax的蛋白和mRNA表达上升(P<0.05或P<0.01)、高剂量组caspase-3的蛋白表达上升(P<0.05)。结论中药三叶青乙酸乙酯提取物能抑制小鼠Lewis肺癌细胞的生长,可能与其促进肿瘤细胞坏死及下调Bcl-2、上调Bax和caspase-3从而促进肿瘤细胞凋亡有关。     

复原抗癌汤对H22原发性肝癌小鼠Survivin蛋白表达的影响

目的 复原抗癌汤对H22原发性肝癌小鼠Survivin蛋白表达的意义.方法 建立H22原发性肝癌小鼠模型,随机分为空白对照组、荷瘤对照组、化疗组、中药低、中、高剂量(4.48、8.96、17.92g/kg·d)组进行治疗,检测各组肿瘤的生长情况;RT-PCR和免疫组化法检测肿瘤组织Survivin蛋白的表达;结果与荷瘤对照组比较,复原抗癌汤各剂量以及顺铂对原发性肝癌均有抑制作用,抑瘤率分别为53.12%、32.87%、37.51%、39.82%(P均＜0.05);RT-PCR和免疫组化见中药高剂量治疗组与中药低剂量治疗组比较其Survivin蛋白表达强阳性率明显低于后者,且差异显著(P＜0.05);但与中药中剂量治疗组比较,Survivin蛋白表达强阳性率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 复原抗癌汤抑制原发性肝癌小鼠瘤体生长、抑制Survivin蛋白表达,最终抑制肝癌细胞的血性转移.     

复方浙贝颗粒联合顺铂对L1210/CDDP移植瘤小鼠的抑瘤作用及相关凋亡蛋白的影响

目的探讨复方浙贝颗粒联合顺铂(CDDP)对L1210/CDDP移植瘤小鼠的抑瘤作用及瘤体组织相关凋亡蛋白的影响。方法将急性淋巴细胞白血病多药耐药细胞株L1210/CDDP细胞接种于DBA/2小鼠腋前皮下构建多药耐药移植瘤模型,成模后按随机数字表法将移植瘤小鼠分成模型组、阳性药物(CDDP)组、高剂量CZBG联合CDDP组、中剂量CZBG联合CDDP组、低剂量CZBG联合CDDP组、中剂量CZBG组,分组当天给药;治疗结束后,计算实验各组的抑瘤率,应用免疫组织化学检测各组移植瘤的BCL-2及BAX蛋白表达情况。结果与模型组及顺铂组比较,各剂量CZBG联合CDDP组均能提高急性淋巴细胞白血病耐药细胞株L1210/CDDP移植瘤的抑制率(P0.05);与阳性药CDDP组比较,高剂量CZBG联合CDDP组具有较高的抑瘤率(P0.05)。与模型组及阳性药CDDP组比较,中、高剂量CZBG联合CDDP组能降低BCL-2表达(P0.05),提高BAX表达及BAX/BCL-2比值(P0.05)。结论 CZBG联合CDDP能提高急性淋巴细胞白血病耐药细胞株移植瘤的肿瘤抑制率,其机制可能是通过调节BAX/BCL-2凋亡途径来逆转多药耐药性,从而增加肿瘤细胞对药物的敏感性,起到协同增效的作用。     

辛二酰苯胺异羟肟酸对裸鼠人宫颈癌移植瘤的作用及其机制

目的观察辛二酰苯胺异羟肟酸(SAHA)对裸鼠人宫颈癌移植瘤生长的抑制作用,并对药物作用机制进行探讨。方法培养人宫颈癌SiHa细胞接种至20只裸鼠右下肢背侧根部皮下,15 d后将成瘤的18只裸鼠随机分3组:空白对照组、SAHA1组(25 mg/kg)、SAHA2组(50mg/kg),每组6只。连续4 d腹腔注射药物,间歇7 d,再连续给药4 d,1次/d。观察各组裸鼠宫颈癌移植瘤的生长情况,计算抑瘤率。免疫组化分析及Western blot方法检测各组移植瘤中的Bax及Bcl-2蛋白的表达。结果空白对照组抑廇率为0,SAHA1组为22.44%,SAHA2组为35.52%,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。用药后,SAHA2组裸鼠体质量低于空白对照组及SAHA1组(P<0.05)。SAHA1组与SAHA2组肿瘤体积均小于空白对照组,且SAHA2组小于SAHA1组(P均<0.05)。与空白对照组相比,SAHA1组与SAHA2组裸鼠肿瘤质量低,且SAHA2组低于SAHA1组,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05);免疫组化及蛋白印迹法检测结果显示,与空白对照组比较,SAHA1组、SAHA2组Bax蛋白均明显升高,Bcl-2蛋白均明显降低(P均<0.05)。而SAHA2组较SAHA1组变化更明显,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论SAHA可以有效抑制人宫颈癌SiHa细胞裸鼠移植瘤的生长,Bax/Bcl-2相关的细胞凋亡是其抑癌机制之一。     

灭活链球菌瘤内注射对S180小鼠肿瘤细胞内Bcl-2及Bax蛋白表达的影响

目的 研究灭活链球菌瘤内注射对S180小鼠肿瘤疗效以及肿瘤细胞Bcl-2和Bax蛋白表达的影响.方法 建立S180小鼠肿瘤模型,使用灭活链球菌连续和序贯注射的方法分别瘤内注射小鼠,空白对照组注射生理盐水.观察肿瘤的大小、小鼠生存时间,用免疫组化检测肿瘤组织Bcl-2及Bax蛋白的表达.结果 连续治疗组的抑瘤率注射后1、2、3周分别为20%、45%、53%,序贯治疗组的抑瘤率注射后1、2、3周分别为8%、40%、49%,与对照组比较差异有显著性( P <0.05).连续注射和序贯注射抑瘤率差异无显著性.各组小鼠生长曲线表明,用药组小鼠治疗后中位生存时间分别为38.0 d、37.0 d、34.0 d.与空白对照组比较,灭活链球菌瘤内注射组的Bcl-2蛋白表达明显减低,Bax蛋白表达明显增加(均 P <0.05).结论 灭活链球菌持续瘤内注射能明显抑制小鼠S180肿瘤细胞生长, 提高小鼠的中位生存时间.序贯注射能取得同连续注射同样的效果.灭活链球菌可能是通过降低Bcl-2蛋白表达和增强Bax蛋白表达,促进肿瘤细胞的凋亡,从而发挥抗肿瘤的作用.     

中国红树科植物角果木中Dolabrane型二萜的抗肿瘤作用

目的 探讨中国红树植物角果木中Dolabrane型二萜Tagalsins A的抗肿瘤作用及其初步作用机制.方法 建立小鼠H22肝癌实体瘤及H22肝癌腹水瘤模型,随机分为Tagalsins A高、中、低剂量组(20、10、5 mg·kg-1)、生理盐水组(空白对照)、环磷酰胺组(CTX 10 mg·kg-1),每组小鼠各10只.建模24 h后开始给药,Tagalsins A各剂量组给予Tagalsins A连续灌胃7 d,对照组灌胃给予同体积生理盐水,CTX组连续腹腔给予CTX 7 d.末次给药24 h后处死动物,计算抑瘤率、生命延长率、脏器指数;流式细胞术测细胞凋亡率.结果 Tagalsins A各剂量组小鼠H22实体瘤生长较空白对照组明显减慢(F=8.90,q=3.31～6.52,P＜0.01).Tagalsins A低、中、高剂量组的抑瘤率分别为24.49%、35.37%、48.30%,其中Tagalsins A中、高剂量组抑瘤作用与CTX组比较差异无显著性(q=2.85、1.01,P＞0.05).Tagalsins A明显延长H22腹水瘤小鼠生存时间(F=17.06,q=5.45～11.26,P＜0.01);降低小鼠的胸腺指数(F=21.82,P＜0.01),而升高肝脏指数(F=121.84,P＜0.01).Tagalsins A各组肿瘤细胞的凋亡率较空白对照组明显升高(F=127 7.68,q=51.11～82.02,P＜0.01).结论 Dolabrane型二萜Tagalsins A对小鼠H22移植瘤的生长具有明显的抑制作用,其机制可能与诱导细胞凋亡有关.     

藤梨根提取物对肺癌A549细胞裸鼠移植瘤的抑制作用

目的研究藤梨根乙酸乙酯提取物对肺癌A549细胞裸鼠移植瘤的生长抑制及凋亡诱导作用,并探讨其作用机制。方法建立肺癌A549细胞裸鼠移植瘤模型,观察藤梨根乙酸乙酯提取物的作用,设置对照组、治疗组(低剂量组、高剂量组)。通过测量移植瘤体积变化绘制生长曲线,根据终末瘤质量比较计算抑制率,采用TUNEL法检测移植瘤凋亡指数,采用免疫组化法检测移植瘤Survivin蛋白表达、增殖指数,采用逆转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)检测移植瘤Survivin mRNA变化。结果各治疗组经藤梨根乙酸乙酯提取物治疗后移植瘤生长缓慢,治疗结束时治疗组移植瘤质量及瘤体积明显低于对照组,高、低剂量组的瘤质量抑制率分别为69.00%和45.09%。各治疗组移植瘤组织凋亡指数则明显高于对照组,而Survivin mRNA及蛋白表达较对照组明显减少,高剂量组尤其明显,各组间上述指标比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论藤梨根乙酸乙酯提取物在体内对肺癌A549细胞生长有抑制作用,可以诱导移植瘤细胞发生凋亡,促进癌细胞凋亡并下调瘤细胞Survivin蛋白和mRNA表达。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.