Expansion of CD4+CD8+ T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis]

We detected a high level of CD4+CD8+ double marker cells in the peripheral blood of a male patient with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), ranging from 10% to 12%. Three color staining was useful for the further examination of surface markers of these abnormal lymphocytes. Three color staining of his CD4+CD8+ cells demonstrated that his CD4+CD8+ cells expressed CD2, CD3 and TCR alpha beta. Stimulation of his PBMC with OKT3 (or rIL-2) for 4 days resulted in the increase of up to about 50% (20%) of CD4+CD8+ cells. His PBMC had a normal proliferative response to mitogen. Although we could not evaluate the significance of the presence of an expanded CD4+CD8+ cells, it was not correlate with the disease of TB or the activity of the disease at least.     

Human CD8 T cells of the peripheral blood contain a low CD8 expressing cytotoxic/effector subpopulation

Heterogeneity of lymphocyte populations demonstrates the diversity of cellular immune responses and provide a better understanding of the immune system. CD3+ CD8+ T cells exhibit a low CD8 expressing (CD8low) population in flow cytometric analysis of peripheral blood T cells. In healthy donors, this population consists of 0.2-7.0% of all CD8 T cells. The majority of the CD8low T cell population showed an elevated expression of CD25, CD45RA, and CD95L, and low levels of CD28, CD62L and CD45RO. Circulating CD8low T cells resemble cytotoxic effector cells because they express cytolytic mediators and are able to execute cytotoxicity. A restricted T cell receptor profile with increased Vbeta9, Vbeta14 and Vbeta23 expression was observed and the CD8low T cell population contain Epstein-Barr virus-specific T cells. Therefore, the CD8low population represent a subset of activated CD8 effector T cells, resulting most probably from a continuous and/or balanced immune response to intracellular pathogens.     

Activated T and B lymphocytes in peripheral blood of patients with Chagas' disease

Whole blood preparations from patients with either the indeterminate(asymptomatic) or cardiac clinical forms of chronic Trypanosomacruzl infection were analyzed by flow cytometry using double-labelingto identify subsets of circulating lymphocytes. Several significantdifferences were demonstrated between the blood lymphocyte profilesof chagaslc patients and non-chagaslc controls. Clear increasein the percentages and actual numbers of double-positive cellsof the phenotype CD3⁺/HLA-DR⁺, as well as decrease in the percentageof CD45RA⁺/CD4⁺ and CD45RA⁺/CD8⁺ T cells, Indicate greater numbersof activated T cells circulating in the blood of infected patients.Consistent parallel increases were seen also in the B lymphocytesubset which stained double-positive for CD19/CD5. There wereno significant differences in the circulation of these chronicchagaslc patients in the CD4:CD8 ratios. Also, no substantivephenotyplc differences were observed in the lymphocyte populationsbetween the two ends of the clinical spectrum (Indeterminateversus cardiac) in chronic human Chagas' disease. These observationsdemonstrate that increased levels of activated T cells and CD5⁺B cells are present in the circulation of people with chronicChagas' disease. These are cell phenotypes that have been associatedin other conditions with autoimmune, polyclonal, and hyperlmmuneresponses. The specificities of these activated cells and theroles they may play in resistance or pathogenesis during chronicChagas' disease need now to be determined.     

Targeting of peripheral blood T lymphocytes

Conclusions In summary, human single-chain gene transduced T cells were shown: to express the scFv on their surface, to recognize their relevant ligand (tumor-associated antigen) on tumor target cells, to produce cytokines and, to lyze tumor cells. In our earlier review on retargeting T lymphocyte specificity [11], we concluded that a number of questions needed to be answered: (1) Is triggering of cytolysis by CTL or lymphokine production most important to generate anti-cancer effects? Both are important, especially to eliminate bystander cells which do not express tumor-associated antigen [35, 75, 83, 106]. (2) Can targeted CTL traffick and home to the tumor site? Yes, they can. (3) Does humanization of mouse mAbs reduce HAMA responses? Our preliminary experiences suggest that this is the case (unpublished data).Significant progress has therefore been made in the laboratory and in clinical tests, and will continue to be made. We are now preparing for the clinical phase I/H testing of in vivo anti-tumor activity of T lymphocytes retargeted by transfer of chimeric receptor genes encoding Ab-type specificity.     

人外周血T淋巴细胞胀亡现象的观察

目的观察人外周血T淋巴细胞的胀亡现象,探讨建立T细胞胀亡检测方法.方法密度梯度离心法及尼龙棉柱法分离健康成年人外周血T淋巴细胞,分空白组及地塞米松组,培养后观察细胞光镜、荧光镜及电镜形态学,并用流式细胞仪检测胀亡细胞比例变化.结果①人外周血T淋巴细胞经96小时体外培养,可自然出现典型细胞胀亡形态学改变.②经72小时培养,不同浓度地塞米松组(1×10-6、1×10-5、1×10-4、1×10-3 mol/L)T细胞的胀亡率分别为(3.49±0.42)%、(5.17±0.48)%、(8.44±0.72)%、17.93±1.50)%.③在1×10-5mol/L地塞米松作用下,不同培养时间(48、72、96、120小时)T淋巴细胞的胀亡率分别为(0.53±0.10)%、(6.36±0.80)%、(20.60±1.59)%、25.56±1.76)%.结论人外周血T淋巴细胞存在胀亡现象,地塞米松可诱导人外周血T淋巴细胞胀亡.     

Interactions between peripheral blood CD8 T lymphocytes and intestinal epithelial cells (iEC)

Intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (iIEL) are primarily CD8 cells and most of them have a CD28^? phenotype, the phenotype of effector cytotoxic T cells. We asked whether the predominance of CD8⁺ CD28^? T cells in the gut may result from peripheral blood T cells preferentially migrating to the iIEL compartment and adhering to iEC. Compared with CD4 cells, adhesion of resting CD8⁺ T cells to iEC cell lines was significantly higher. Adhesion could be blocked with a MoAb to gp180, a molecule expressed on iEC which is known to interact with CD8/lck. No significant difference in the level of adhesion was observed between CD8⁺ CD28⁺ and CD8⁺ CD28^? T cells. Thus CD8 cells may preferentially migrate to the iIEL compartment, but loss of CD28 expression could occur in situ after migration. Consistent with this hypothesis, the CD8⁺ CD28^? cells became enriched after co-culturing T cells with iEC cell lines and primary iEC. Induction of the CD8⁺ CD28^? phenotype in cord blood and adult T cells was observed in co-cultures with iEC and also with mitogens and superantigens. In the latter case, CD28 down-modulation was seen specifically in the Vβ subset targeted by the superantigen, indicating that loss of CD28 expression is a direct result of T cell receptor (TCR)-mediated stimulation. The combined results suggest that CD8⁺ CD28^? T cells are antigen experienced T cells, and that they may have a survival advantage in the presence of gut epithelial cells in vitro. This may contribute to the predominance of CD8⁺ CD28^? T cells in the iIEL compartment.     

尖锐湿疣患者外周血T淋巴细胞上活化抗原的表达

目的 :探讨尖锐湿疣 (CA)患者外周血CD6 9和HLA DR分子在T淋巴细胞上表达的变化及其意义。方法 :采用免疫荧光三标记流式细胞术检测 30例CA患者外周血T细胞CD6 9和HLA DR抗原的表达 ,并以 31例正常人作为对照。结果 :CA患者外周血CD3 T细胞CD6 9的表达 (6 6 3%± 3 13% )与正常人对照组 (5 12 %± 1 6 4 % )相比 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 ) ,CD4 T细胞CD6 9的表达与正常人对照组相比 ,差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 ) ,CD8 T细胞表达CD6 9水平 (4 6 1%± 3 0 9% )明显高于对照组 (2 6 7%± 1 31% ,P <0 0 1) ;患者组CD3 T细胞中HLA DR 细胞 (2 1 6 5 %± 8 84 % )比对照组 (13 5 6 %± 5 15 % )显著增高 (P <0 0 0 1)。结论 :CA患者外周血T淋巴细胞的激活以CD8 T细胞为主 ,其免疫激活状态在抗病毒感染中起着重要作用。     

Reactivity of presumed anti-natural killer cell antibody Leu 7 with intrafollicular T lymphocytes.

This report describes the presence of a T lymphocyte subpopulation in germinal centres of lymph follicles. This subpopulation is defined by reactivity with Leu 7 antibody, in addition to OKT11, OKT1, OKT3 and OKT4 positivity. The functional activity of this T lymphocyte subpopulation is a matter of discussion and has to be clarified by functional studies of purified populations of these cells.     

Subpopulations of human T lymphocytes. XV. T lymphocytes with receptors for IgA (T alpha), a distinct subpopulation of T lymphocytes. Studies in patients with primary immunodeficiency disorders.

A receptor for IgA was observed on a subset of T cells (T alpha) that is distinct from other T lymphocyte subsets, T mu or T gamma cells. IgA receptor on T alpha cells is blocked by IgA from human serum through its cytophilic attachment. Neither T mu nor T gamma cells, following an in vitro interaction with insoluble immune complexes during the process of purification and further incubation at 37 degrees C, changed their phenotypes to T alpha cells. However, some T gamma cells demonstrated transition to T mu cells. The numbers and proportion of T alpha cells in patients with selective IgA deficiency were either normal, increased or decreased. The significance of T alpha cell analysis in thirty-one patients with primary immunodeficiency disorders including those with selective IgA deficiency is discussed.     

白癜风患者外周血T淋巴细胞异常活化

本文以人类白细胞抗原ＤＲ位点（ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ）及白细胞介素２受体亚单位Ｐ５５和Ｐ７５（ＩＬ－２Ｒ，Ｐ５５和ＩＬ－２Ｒ，Ｐ７５）的表达为Ｔ淋巴细胞活化的指标，用双色免疫标记流式细胞法对白癜风患者外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞（ＶＰＢＴＬ）进行分析。实验发现：ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ在ＶＰＢＴＬ及其亚群Ｔ辅助细胞（Ｔｈ，ＣＤ４＾＋细胞）和Ｔ抑制细胞（Ｔｓ，ＣＤ８＾＋细胞）的表达均明显高于正常人，分别为：４９．６２％比１４．５４％     

重症寻常型银屑病患者外周血T淋巴细胞的免疫功能

检测进行期重症寻常型银屑病,患者和正常人,外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞及其亚群和ｍＩＬ－２Ｒα。结果表明：（１）患者 外周 ＣＤ_３~＋、 ＣＤ_３~＋、ＣＤ_４~＋细胞百分率、ＣＤ_４~＋／ＣＤ_~８~＋胞比值和 ｍＩＬ－２Ｒα表达率低于正常人。（ ２）长病程患者 ＣＤ_３~＋、 ＣＤ_４~＋细 胞百分率和ｍＩＬ－２Ｒα表达率低于初发,患者,其中长期服用抗癌药者外周血 ＣＤ_８~＋细胞百分率明显低于正常人和未服用 抗癌药者。提示患者Ｔ淋巴细胞免疫功能明显低下,病程延长和长期服用抗癌药,可促使免疫功能进一步低下。     

冠心病患者外周血T淋巴细胞PD-L1的表达及意义

目的研究程序性死亡配体-1（PD-L1）在冠心病患者外周血中T淋巴细胞上的表达及意义。方法按照WHO关于冠心病诊断标准,将实验分为稳定型心绞痛（SA）组（n=23）、急性冠脉综合征（ACS）组（n=21）和正常对照组（n=18）,三组均经冠状动脉造影证实。采集三组人群的外周血,用流式细胞技术及RT-PCR技术测定T淋巴细胞PD-L1蛋白及mRNA表达情况。结果与正常对照组比较,SA组和ACS组外周血T淋巴细胞PD-L1蛋白及mRNA表达水平均显著升高（P〈0.01）;但SA组与ACS组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论冠心病患者外周血T淋巴细胞PD-L1表达上调,其可能在动脉粥样硬化斑块形成过程中起作用。     

卡介菌多糖核酸提高复发性生殖器疱疹患者CD8+ T细胞的细胞因子表达

目的　研究卡介菌多糖核酸 (BCG PSN)对复发性生殖器疱疹 (RGH)患者外周血CD8 T细胞IL 12、IFN γ、IL 4表达的影响。方法　应用流式细胞仪对 4 5例RGH患者和 15名健康志愿者外周血CD8 T细胞IL 12、IFN γ和IL 4的表达进行检测。结果　治疗前RGH患者外周血IFN γ和IL 12阳性CD8 T细胞百分率均显著下降 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,Tc1 Tc2平衡失调 (P <0 .0 5 )。治疗后BCG PSN组外周血IL 12和IFN γ阳性CD8 T细胞百分率显著升高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,Tc1 Tc2恢复平衡。病例对照组IL 12、IFN γ及IL 4阳性CD8 T细胞百分率于治疗前后变化差异均无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。BCG PSN组与病例对照组治疗前后IL 12、IFN γ阳性CD8 T细胞百分率间差异均有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。BCG PSN组复发率较低 ,复发病情较轻。结论　RGH患者存在以Tc1水平低下为主的Tc1 Tc2比例失衡和IL 12表达水平低下 ;BCG PSN通过上调外周血CD8 T细胞IFN γ、IL 12的表达 ,纠正机体细胞因子失衡状态而减少疾病的复发     

Reduction of a subpopulation of T lymphocytes in lepromatous leprosy

A reduction in number of a subpopulation of T lymphocytes was noted in lepromatous leprosy cases with high bacillary load. Tuberculoid and treated lepromatous patients, who were bacillary negative had normal levels of these cells. B-cell numbers were high in lepromatous patients irrespective of treatment and bacillary load.     

Expansion of a T lymphocyte subpopulation (CD3+,4-,8-) after immunodepression associated with disseminated histoplasmosis

A major subpopulation of T lymphocytes bearing a high density of CD3 (T3/Leu 4) with no detectable CD4 (T4/Leu 3a) or CD8 (T8/Leu 2a) was found in a patient with cardiomyopathy. Previously the patient had developed disseminated histoplasmosis which had been associated with a profound anergic state. The proportion of CD3+ lymphocytes that bore the phenotype CD3+,4-,8- has been increasing in the absence of reactivation of the histoplasmosis. The CD3+,4-,8- lymphocytes bound anti-CD2 but did not bind WT31, a monoclonal antibody specific for the alpha beta heterodimer of the T cell antigen receptor.     

Histamine receptor--bearing peripheral T lymphocytes in patients with allergies.

The effect of histamine on the capacity of T lymphocytes to form E rosettes was tested in 10 healthy subjects and in 13 patients with allergies. Histamine had no effect on the capacity of T lymphocytes to form E rosettes in healthy subjects, but significantly inhibited the E rosette formation of T lymphocytes in patients with allergies.     

Lower percentage of CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood of patients with sporotrichosis

PurposeTo characterize the peripheral immunity and immunity response of patients with sporotrichosis, in this study we determined the lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood of Chinese patients with sporotrichosis.MethodsIn this retrospective study, peripheral blood was collected from 69 sporotrichosis patients (37, fixed cutaneous form; 32 lymphocutaneous) and 66 healthy controls. Lymphocyte subsets were analyzed using flow cytometry.ResultsCompared to controls, the percentage of CD8+ T cells was lower in sporotrichosis patients. The percentage of CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood tended to become lower with disease duration and disease severity, although the difference was not statistically significant for either acute, subacute and chronic patients or fixed cutaneous and lymphocutaneous patients.ConclusionOur data indicate that the decrease of CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood of patients with sporotrichosis is associated with disease severity, although the difference was not statistically significant for either duration or clinical forms of the disease. Combining antifungal agents and immunomodulators in patients with long disease duration and lymphocutaneous may be more beneficial than antifungal monotherapy.     

Interferon-gamma secretion of peripheral blood CD8+ T lymphocytes in patients with bronchial asthma: in vitro stimulus determines cytokine production.

It has been postulated that T lymphocytes orchestrate the chronic inflammation in bronchial asthma. In animal models, infiltration of CD8+ T lymphocytes into the bronchial mucosa prevented bronchial hyperresponsiveness and decreased early and late phase reaction. IFN-gamma antagonizes IL-4-dependent IgE production as well as IL-5-induced proliferation and activation of eosinophils. We therefore investigated the secretion of IFN-gamma of isolated CD8+ T lymphocytes from peripheral blood of patients with allergic asthma (n = 6) and from healthy controls (n = 7) in vitro. In this setting we compared the effect of stimulation with anti-CD3 antibodies with that of phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and calcium-ionophore. As expected, CD8+ T lymphocytes from peripheral blood of healthy volunteers produced significantly more IFN-gamma in the presence of PMA and calcium-ionophore than after stimulation with anti-CD3 antibodies. However, in subjects with allergic asthma, IFN-gamma secretion of CD8+ T cells was significantly higher when incubated with anti-CD3 antibodies than after activation with PMA and calcium-ionophore. While IFN-gamma secretion of CD8+ T lymphocytes of patients with allergic asthma was lower than that of healthy controls in the presence of PMA/calcium-ionophore, it was significantly elevated when compared with normal controls after stimulation with anti-CD3 antibodies. Thus, potent activators of cytokine secretion, such as PMA and calcium-ionophore, induce a cytokine profile different from that induced by weaker stimulants, such as anti-CD3 antibodies. These findings have implications for further studies investigating cytokine production of inflammatory cells in vitro.     

Increase in Leu 2+ Leu 7+ lymphocytes in HIV 1-seropositive patients with hemophilia repeatedly treated with clotting factor concentrates

The fact that patients with hemophilia treated with clotting factor and HIV 1-seronegative subjects with congenital anemias given repeated blood transfusions both have decreased ratios of T4/T8 lymphocytes and diminished NK cell activity indicates that these immunological abnormalities can be due to repeated exposure to blood and blood products, and are not necessarily indicative of HIV 1 infection. To search for an immunological change specific for HIV 1 infection we tested 36 hemophiliacs (22 HIV 1-seropositive, 14 HIV 1-seronegative), and 27 normal subjects for peripheral blood lymphocytes which coexpress Leu 2, a marker associated with suppressor/cytotoxic cells, and Leu 7, an NK cell marker. Compared to normal subjects, seropositive hemophiliacs showed a 2.5-fold increase in Leu 2+ Leu 7+ cells. No increase in this population was seen in the seronegative hemophiliacs. An increase in the percentage of Leu 2+ Leu 7+ cells is therefore an immunological alteration associated with HIV 1 infection but not blood product exposure per se.