和厚朴酚对四氯化碳致小鼠肝损伤的保护作用

目的探讨和厚朴酚对小鼠四氯化碳（CCl4）致肝损伤的保护作用。方法将昆明种小鼠随机分为5组：对照组、模型组和高、中、低剂量和厚朴酚组,模型组用CCl4造成小鼠急性肝损伤模型。测定各组血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）、肝组织丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活性变化。结果和厚朴酚各组小鼠与模型组比较,血清ALT、AST含量降低（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）、肝脏MDA含量下降（P〈0．01）、SOD活性增强（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论和厚朴酚对CCl4所致小鼠急性肝损伤具有保护作用,其作用机制可能与减少自由基的产生有关。     

乙肝转阴散对小鼠四氯化碳急性肝损伤的保护作用

目的：探讨乙肝转阴散对四氯化碳（CCl4）所致小鼠急性化学性肝损伤的保护作用。方法：采用CCl4制备小鼠急性化学性肝损伤模型,观察乙肝转阴散对血清ALT、AST活性及肝匀浆MDA、GSH含量的影响。结果：乙肝转阴散25、50g生药／kg能明显降低CCl4急性肝损伤小鼠血清ALT、AST活性,并能明显降低肝匀浆MDA含量和提高GSH含量（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）;乙肝转阴散12．5g生药／kg则能显著降低CCl4急性肝损伤小鼠血清AST以及肝匀浆MDA含量（P〈0．05）。结论：乙肝转阴散对CCl4所致小鼠急性化学性肝损伤具有明显的保护作用,机制可能与其抗脂质过氧化作用有关。     

天麻素对CCl4诱导小鼠肝损伤的保护作用

【目的】观察天麻素对四氯化碳（CCl4）所致小鼠肝损伤的保护作用，探讨其可能的作用机制。【方法】采用CCl4致肝损伤模型，测定血清中谷丙转氨酶（ALT）和谷草转氨酶（AST）活性，以及肝组织中丙二醛（MDA）、一氧化氮（NO）含量、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）的活性，通过组间差别来研究天麻素的肝保护佣。【结果】天麻素能显著降低小鼠血清AST、ALT的活性（P〈0．05）；降低小鼠肝组织中MDA含量（P〈0．05），提高肝组织NO的含量和SOD、iNOS的活性（P〈0．05）。【结论】天麻素对造成的肝损伤具有保护作用，其作用机制可能与抗脂质过氧化，以及提高肝组织NO含量和iNOS活性有关。     

山茛菪碱对小鼠免疫性肝损伤的保护作用

目的 研究山莨菪碱对小鼠急性免疫性肝损伤的保护作用及可能的机制。方法 建立卡介苗与脂多糖（BCG＋LPS）诱导的小鼠免疫性肝损伤模型，测定血清丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT），天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）水平和肝匀浆丙二醛（MDA）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH—px）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）含量，计算肝脏、脾脏重量指数，并进行肝脏病理组织检查。结果 小鼠腹腔注射山莨菪碱，连用7d，可显著降低免疫性肝损伤小鼠血清ALT、AST水平（P〈0．01），使升高的肝指数降低（P〈0．05，P〈0．01），脾指数也呈降低趋势；山莨菪碱还可明显降低肝匀浆MDA含量，使降低的肝匀浆GSH—px、SOD活性升高（P〈0．05，P〈0．01），减轻肝组织病理损伤程度。结论 山莨菪碱对小鼠急性免疫性肝损伤有明显的保护作用，保肝机制可能与其增强抗氧化活性等有关。     

软坚护肝片对四氯化碳所致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

目的观察软坚护肝片（RJHGT）对四氯化碳（CCl4）所致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用,并探讨其作用机制。方法腹腔注射CCl4制备小鼠急性肝损伤模型,检测血清谷丙转氨酶（AST）、谷草转氨酶（ALT）、碱性磷酸酶（AKP）活性及总抗氧化能力（T—AOC）;检测肝组织丙二醛（MDA）含量、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-PX）活性。结果RJHGT各组能够减轻肝细胞损伤程度,与模型组比较,RJHGT能降低血清ALT、AST、AKP的活性及肝组织中MDA、GSH的含量（P〈0．01或〈0．05）;提高T-AOC能力及SOD、GSH．PX的活力（P〈0．01或〈0．05）。结论RJHGT对CCl4所致小鼠急性肝损伤具有明显的保护作用,其机制可能与其抗脂质过氧化作用有关。     

白花丹水煎液对四氯化碳慢性肝损伤小鼠肝组织脂质过氧化的影响

目的：探讨白花丹水煎液对四氯化碳（CCl4）所致慢性肝损伤小鼠脂质过氧化的影响。方法：采用CCl4建立小鼠慢性肝损伤动物模型,连续6周经口给0．25、0．5、1.0g／kg 3种剂量的白花丹水煎液,测定血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）活性、肝组织匀浆超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和丙二醛（MDA）含量,并测算肝指数（HI）。结果：3种剂量组均显著降低肝损伤小鼠血清ALT、AST活性,而肝匀浆SOD含量上升、MDA含量下降,与模型组相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;与治疗组相比,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：白花丹水煎液具有抑制CCl4所致小鼠慢性肝损伤组织脂质过氧化的作用。     

七味红花殊胜散对化学性肝损伤的保护作用

目的：研究藏药七味红花殊胜散对化学性肝损伤的保护作用。方法：不同剂量观察七味红花殊胜散对CCl4所致化学性肝损伤小鼠血清ALT和AST活性的影响,观察小鼠血清SOD、MDA和GSH的水平。结果：七味红花殊胜散可以明显降低血清中ALT和AST活性（P〈0．05）,提高血清中SOD的活性（P〈0．05）和GSH水平（P〈0．05）,降低MDA的水平（P〈0．05）,大剂量组效果显著;小鼠肝组织切片（光镜）观察,肝细胞病理学改变与模型组比较明显减轻。结论：七味红花殊胜散对CCl4所致的化学性肝损伤都具有一定的保护作用。     

广西桂郁金对小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

[目的]观察广西桂郁金（GGY）对四氯化碳（CCl4）和D-氨基半乳糖盐酸盐（D-GlaN）所致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。[方法]采用腹腔注射四氯化碳花生油溶液和D-氨基半乳糖盐酸盐溶液造成急性肝损伤动物模型，观察GGYJ对各组小鼠血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）含量的影响。[结果]与空白组比较，CCl4和D-GlaN所致的急性肝损伤模型小鼠ALT、AST活性均明显升高（均P〈0.01）；GGYJ高、中、低剂量组及联苯双酯组均可明显降低急性肝损伤小鼠血清中ALT、AST活性（P〈0．01或P〈0、05）。[结论]GGYJ对小鼠急性肝损伤有明显的保肝作用。     

湿生扁蕾提取物对小鼠实验性肝损伤的保护作用

目的研究湿生扁蕾提取物对小鼠实验性肝损伤的保护作用。方法取四氯化碳（CCl4）致小鼠急性肝损伤模型小鼠血清和肝组织匀浆，检测血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）活性及组织匀浆丙二醛（MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）含量。结果与模型组比较，湿生扁蕾提取物有明显降低小鼠急性肝损伤模型血清ALT、AST水平的作用，同时有提高SOD活性，清除氧自由基而降低MDA的作用，P均〈0．01。结论湿生扁蕾提取物对小鼠实验性肝损伤有明显保护作用，其作用机制与抑制脂质过氧化损伤有关。     

新疆紫草提取物对小鼠免疫性肝损伤的保护作用

目的：研究新疆紫草提取物AEJ-Ⅰ、AEJ-Ⅱ对小鼠免疫性肝损伤的保护作用。方法：采用卡介苗（BCG）和脂多糖（LPS）诱导免疫性肝损伤动物模型，观察AEJ-Ⅰ、AEJ-Ⅱ对小鼠肝脏系数、脾脏系数及血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、肝组织超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）、丙二醛（MDA）和一氧化氮（NO）水平的影响，并观察肝脏病理组织学变化。结果：AEJ-Ⅰ高剂量组和AEJ-ⅡI高、低剂量组均可降低肝脏系数．并使肝组织MDA含量降低（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）；AEJ-Ⅰ高剂量组可降低脾脏系数，并使肝组织SOD活性升高（P〈0．05）；AEJ各剂量组均可使肝组织GSH-Px活性升高、NO含量降低（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）；AEJ-Ⅰ高剂量组可明显降低小鼠血清ALT、AST的活性（P〈0．01或P〈0．05）；AEJ-Ⅱ高、低剂量组均可明显降低小鼠血清ALT的活性（P〈0．05），AEJ-Ⅱ高剂量组可明显降低小鼠血清AST的活性（P〈0．05）。AEJ-Ⅰ、AEJ-Ⅱ均可不同程度地改善肝脏病理组织性损伤。结论：AEJ-Ⅰ和AEJ-Ⅱ对小鼠免疫性肝损伤具有保护作用。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.