MRI导航和温度监控下高强度聚焦超声治疗子宫肌瘤

目的 评价高强度聚焦超声(HIFU)在MR导航定位和靶区焦域温度监控下治疗子宫肌瘤的可行性和疗效.方法 采用西门子1.5 T Avanto TIM MR导航和温度监控JM-HIFU进行HIFU治疗52例子宫肌瘤共61个肌瘤.肌瘤大小(6.1±2.1)cm,其中浆膜下10枚、肌壁间46枚和黏膜下5枚.治疗前、后采用增强扫描MRI检查,测量肌瘤体积、消融坏死区域大小占肌瘤体积的比率,并记录治疗时间和超声释放剂量.治疗后3个月MRI检查观察肌瘤的缩小情况;同时观察和评估其并发症及不良反应事件发生,并对治疗前后患者症状变化进行评分.结果 MR导航HIFU(MRgHIFU)治疗前和治疗后3个月肌瘤平均体积分别为(113.3±87.7)cm3和(58.1±45.0)cm3,肌瘤体积平均缩小(48.7±16.4)%(P＜0.05);每个肌瘤被消融区域占整个肌瘤体积平均为(78.8±18.8)%(51%～100%);聚焦超声治疗时间(19.8±8.8)min,治疗所用的超声热剂量为(7.1±6.7)焦耳/mm3.患者症状平均总分治疗前、后从(24.7±4.8)下降至(16.7±3.2)分(P＜0.05),除1例术中出现腹壁皮下轻度烫伤,余无并发症及不良反应事件.结论 MRgHIFU治疗子宫肌瘤是一种可行、安全、有效的无创治疗方法,而且单次热消融可达到肌瘤大部分甚至完全凝固性坏死,并使其短期内缩小的治疗效果.     

高强度聚焦超声消融子宫肌瘤的MRI评价

目的 观察高强度聚焦超声(HIFU)消融治疗子宫肌瘤的客观疗效、不良反应和临床转归情况.方法 2006年12月-2008年3月解放军第307医院参与多中心临床验证的子宫肌瘤确诊患者38例(包括多发肌瘤患者17例),使用HIFU治疗系统一次性消融治疗子宫肌瘤47个,其中肌瘤最大直径11.6cm.观察不良反应并定期随访,随访期间应用增强磁共振(MRI)评价HIFU治疗后子宫肌瘤的消融坏死体积及消融率,测量治疗后子宫和肌瘤体积的变化,判断临床转归规律.结果 治疗后随访37例共46个肌瘤,增强MRI显示所有肌瘤均出现消融坏死区并持续存在,HIFU消融率为65.1%±21.7%.与治疗前相比,治疗后不同时间子宫和肌瘤体积均有显著缩小,1、3、6、12个月时子宫肌瘤的缩小率分别为24.1%±17.3%、39.8%±23.4%、44.6%±24.7%、60.3%±17.2%(F=15.31,P<0.01),呈现出随时间延长逐渐缩小的变化规律.HIFU治疗后的主要并发症为局部疼痛、发热等,均为轻中度,并可在1周内自行缓解.结论 HIFU消融治疗子宫肌瘤安全可行,局部消融效果确切.     

超声引导下的高强度聚焦超声治疗黏膜下肌瘤的安全性和有效性

目的评价超声引导下的高强度聚焦超声消融治疗黏膜下肌瘤的安全性和有效性。材料与方法共76名妇女患78个子宫黏膜下肌瘤(68个Ⅱ型,10个Ⅰ型)接受了超声引导下的高强度聚焦超声的消融治疗。治疗前子宫肌瘤的直径为2.4～13.5cm,平均(5.7±2.3)cm。使用420～520W的输出功率对子宫肌瘤进行消融治疗。在随访过程中,采用对比增强MRI和(或)对比增强超声对被消融后子宫肌瘤的体积萎缩情况进行连续观察。使用症状严重程度的问卷评分对症状变化进行评估。结果所有病人对高强度聚焦超声消融治疗耐受性良好。没有出现严重的并发症。对比增强超声检查中,平均无灌注的消融率为(80±12)%。随访期间,消融后的肌瘤明显萎缩,症状明显缓解。没有病人在治疗后出现闭经。在消融治疗后,58%(44/76)的病人出现阴道排出坏死组织,这个现象在2～4个月经周期后消失。4例病人由于残余肌瘤增大而再次接受消融治疗。结论超声引导下的高强度聚焦超声消融术是一种治疗黏膜下肌瘤的安全有效的方法,但对生育的影响还需要进一步的研究。     

高强度聚焦超声联合微波消融治疗较大子宫肌瘤的疗效分析

目的 探讨高强度聚焦超声联合微波消融在较大子宫肌瘤治疗中的临床疗效及应用价值.方法 选取2017年3月—2019年7月在火箭军特色医学中心海扶治疗中心收治的较大子宫肌瘤患者53例,随机分为观察组(n=28)和对照组(n=25).观察组采用高强度聚焦超声联合微波消融术对子宫肌瘤进行治疗,对照组仅采用高强度聚焦超声进行处理.观察2组患者的手术时间、住院时间、术后出血量、术后疼痛水平及并发症情况,对比2组患者治疗前、治疗后1、2个月肌瘤体积变化,分析治疗后2个月的临床疗效.结果 2组手术时间、术后24 h阴道出血量和住院时间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),术后3 d疼痛等级评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).对照组皮肤烫伤、直肠损伤和神经异常反应的发生率高于观察组(P<0.05),2组间腹胀、阴道异常出血和发热的发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).治疗前2组子宫肌瘤体积水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后1、2个月,2组间肌瘤体积水平比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).治疗后3个月,2组间临床疗效结果比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 高强度聚焦超声联合微波消融可安全、有效减少较大子宫肌瘤体积,临床疗效优于单独聚焦超声消融治疗.     

MRI T2WI信号强度与高强度聚焦超声消融子宫肌瘤疗效关系的研究

目的：通过研究消融前M RI T2 WI信号强度特点与高强度聚焦超声消融术（high intensity focused ultrasound ablation ,HIFU ）治疗子宫肌瘤消融疗效之间的关系,从信号方面探讨影响 HIFU 治疗子宫肌瘤疗效的因素。方法选择2011年10月～2013年7月经MRI诊断的子宫肌瘤患者50例,行超声引导下的 HIFU 治疗,共有子宫肌瘤56个,消融前根据M RI T2 WI信号强度将其分为四种类型：①高信号;②等信号;③低信号;④混杂信号,消融后次日及术后6个月行增强M RI扫描评估肌瘤体积的消融范围,计算消融率及术后6个月肌瘤体积的缩小率,分别作为早期和中期 HIFU疗效的指标,同时记录术中与消融有关的不良反应。结果所有患者顺利完成治疗,未出现显著并发症。消融前肌瘤的体积0.43～502．12cm3,平均（125．13±111．40）cm3,消融后次日增强M RI中无增强剂灌注区域体积0．38～316．63cm3,平均（87．09±78．05）cm3,消融率25．16％～97．92％,平均（70．61±15．62）％,且MRI T2WI不同信号强度之间疗效差异有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）,低信号强度的肌瘤消融率最高,6个月后此类肌瘤体积进一步缩小,且此缩小率与术后次日消融率呈正相关（ r ＝0．67,P ＜0．05）。结论 M RI T2 WI低信号子宫肌瘤更易达到理想的消融疗效,且术后肌瘤体积缩小程度较大,可为选择患者提供依据。     

超声造影在经皮微波消融治疗子宫肌瘤疗效观察中的应用价值

目的探讨超声造影在经皮微波消融治疗子宫肌瘤疗效观察中的应用价值。方法对32例子宫肌瘤患者,肌瘤瘤体共52个,采用经皮微波消融治疗,于治疗前及治疗后6个月行常规超声及超声造影检查,观察肌瘤大小、内部回声及血流变化,比较子宫肌瘤缩小程度和临床症状改善情况,同期行增强MRI检查。结果 1)常规超声检查发现子宫肌瘤45个(阳性率86%),超声造影发现子宫肌瘤50个(阳性率96%),增强MRI发现子宫肌瘤52个; 2)微波消融治疗子宫肌瘤后,常规超声检查显示肌瘤体积缩小48个,4个体积变化不明显,其中49个瘤体无明显血流信号,3个周边有少许血流信号;超声造影显示瘤体体积缩小52个,其中42个瘤体无造影剂增强,10个瘤体周边有造影剂增强;增强MRI显示瘤体体积缩小52个,40个瘤体无对比剂增强,12个瘤体周边有对比剂增强,超声造影与同期增强MRI相比差异无统计学意义(P 0. 05),与常规彩色超声相比差异有统计学意义(P 0. 05); 3)临床疗效:患者月经周期和月经量明显减少,贫血症状改善,下腹坠胀缓解,临床疗效明显。结论超声造影对子宫肌瘤能直接进行定位,明确病灶大小,观察肌瘤血流灌注,指导局部消融治疗方案的实施及有效的评价经皮微波消融治疗子宫肌瘤的术后疗效。     

高强度聚焦超声刀治疗子宫肌瘤临床研究

目的 探讨高强度超声聚焦刀治疗子宫肌瘤的疗效及安全性.方法 临床诊断的年龄在26～59岁已生育的子宫肌瘤47例患者,实施高强度超声聚焦刀治疗,对比治疗前后患者临床症状改善情况及B超检测肿瘤大小变化.结果 治疗后患者痛经、经量增多等症状明显改善,部分患者出现血尿,对症处理后好转.瘤体体积治疗前(47.6±24.1)cm3,治疗6个月后为(17.7±13.1)cm3,t检验显示治疗前后瘤体体积变化差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 采用高强度超声聚焦刀治疗子宫肌瘤安全性高且效果显著.     

超声引导下射频消融治疗子宫肌瘤临床价值研究

目的评估超声引导下射频消融治疗子宫肌瘤的临床疗效与安全性。方法对解放军85医院自2012年3月至2013年3月收治的148例子宫肌瘤患者进行超声引导下射频消融治疗。记录患者术前的主要症状。术前及术后3、6、12个月行阴式B超检查,观察肌瘤的位置,测量肌瘤3条径线长度,计算平均肌瘤体积及肌瘤缩小率。在术前及术后12个月采用子宫肌瘤症状及健康相关生活质量问卷(UFS-HRQL)评估子宫肌瘤相关症状及生活质量改善情况。观察术后12个月内术并发症发生情况。结果术前,术后3、6、12个月肌瘤平均体积分别为(23.33±22.80)cm~3、(12.47±11.83)cm~3、(6.88±6.52)cm~3及(4.45±4.26)cm~3;各术后组与术前组肌瘤平均体积比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后3、6、12个月肌瘤缩小率分别为49.6%、70.3%、80.3%。117例有症状的患者中,术前、术后12个月平均UFS评分分别为(33.51±13.94)分、(5.77±4.50)分;平均QOL评分为分别为(68.09±15.17)分、(90.79±5.52)分;术前、术后UFS评分及QOL评分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随访12个月,无严重并发症发生。结论 B超引导下射频消融子宫肌瘤对于无生育要求的、肌瘤较小(直径<6.5 cm)、随访条件好的患者,是一种临床价值较高的治疗手段,值得推广应用。     

磁共振检查在高强度聚焦超声治疗子宫肌瘤疗效评估中的价值

目的 探讨磁共振(MRI)检查在高强度聚焦超声(HIFU)治疗子宫肌瘤疗效评估中的价值.方法回顾性分析23例子宫肌瘤HIFU治疗前、治疗后1个月、6个月,不同时期肌瘤在MRI图像中体积大小的改变及瘤组织信号的差异,并对体积变化结果进行统计分析.结果 HIFU治疗后6个月和1个月的肿瘤体积及肿瘤直径较治疗前明显缩小(P<0.05),且治疗后6个月肿瘤体积及肿瘤直径也小于治疗后1个月(P<0.05);术后所有患者瘤组织T1WI强化程度较治疗前明显下降.结论 MRI可对子宫肌瘤HIFU治疗效果评估提供重要的参考价值.     

DWI监测子宫肌瘤HIFU术后早期疗效的价值

目的:探讨DWI评价子宫肌瘤高强度聚焦超声(high-intensity focused ultrasound,HIFU)术后早期疗效的价值。方法:24例患者共26个肌瘤在HIFU术前1周及消融后1周行DWI、CE-MRI检查,分析残留肌瘤组织的DWI信号特征,并比较DWI与CE-MRI测得的残留肌瘤组织体积。结果:24例DWI、CE-MRI均能发现残留肌瘤组织;HIFU术后1周子宫肌瘤残留区DWI信号较前略升高;术后1周残留部分平均ADC值为(1.552±0.142)×10-3 mm2/s,较术前有升高,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.005)。DWI与CE-MRI对术后1周残留组织平均体积的测量,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Pearson法显示,DWI与CE-MRI测量肌瘤残留部分体积呈高度相关(r=0.95,P<0.005)。结论:DWI是监测早期子宫肌瘤HIFU术后不完全消融非常有效的方法。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.