鞍结节脑膜瘤显微手术治疗策略

目的探讨鞍结节脑膜瘤的显微手术切除策略。方法回顾性分析82例鞍结节脑膜瘤的临床资料,均采用显微手术切除。经额外侧入路44例,经眶-额外侧入路28例,经眶-颧-额-颞入路7例,经翼点入路3例。术中磨除前床突和视神经管顶及外侧嵴,切除侵入视神经管内的肿瘤27例;磨除鞍结节,经蝶窦切除鞍前壁肿瘤12例。结果肿瘤SimpsonⅠ、Ⅱ级切除75例(91.5%),SimpsonⅢ级切除7例(8.5%);术后视力改善和稳定151只眼(92.1%),视力恶化13只眼(7.9%)。术后出现不同程度下丘脑症状2例,术后偏瘫1例,无手术死亡病例。结论正确选择手术入路,采用熟练的显微颅底外科技术是获得良好手术效果的保证。额外侧入路能提供良好的手术空间和视野,术后视觉症状改善明显。术中打开视神经管,仔细辨别并保护蛛网膜屏障中的小血管,是保障肿瘤全切除和术后视力恢复的关键。     

Surgical management of Tuberculum sellae meningiomas

To study the clinical characteristics of tuberculum sellae meningiomas, we retrospectively analyzed 43 patients and reviewed the literature with regard to the incidence, clinical manifestations, imaging features, microsurgical anatomy, and postoperative outcomes of tuberculum sellae meningiomas, and the technical aspects of their treatment. CT or MRI enables a correct diagnosis in most cases. Of the patients in the study, unifrontal craniotomy was performed in 24, and pterional craniotomy in 19. Complete tumour resection was achieved in 32 patients (74.4%) and subtotal resection (with less than 7% of the tumour left behind) in 11 (25.6%). Surgical treatment of tuberculum sellae meningioma is among the most challenging of neurosurgical procedures. Bicoronal subfrontal, unifrontal, and pterional transsylvian approaches can all be used. The key to preserving visual function is to minimise direct manipulation of or trauma to the optic nerves and avoid injury to the blood supply of the optic apparatus. Appropriate preoperative imaging and careful intraoperative technique have made it possible to obtain both total removal of tumours and a favourable visual outcome.     

视神经管开放减压在前颅底病变处理中的应用

目的 探讨视神经管开放减压在前颅底病变中的应用.方法 神经减压的手术入路除鞍结节脑膜瘤的4例采用额颞硬膜下入路外,其他均采用经颅额下外侧硬膜外入路.视神经管减压的应用病例包括外伤后急性视神经损伤7例,其中6例外伤后视力完全丧失,1例仅留光感;骨纤维异常增殖症8例;视神经及其周围组织肿瘤(围视神经肿瘤)包括颅眶海绵窦沟通...     

鞍结节脑膜瘤的显微手术治疗

目的 探讨鞍结节脑膜瘤的手术入路及显微手术治疗效果。方法 回顾性分析2013年1月至2018年1月显微手术治疗的46例鞍结节脑膜瘤的临床资料,经单侧额下-纵裂入路19例,额外侧入路13例,翼点入路9例,眶上锁孔入路5例。结果 Simpson Ⅰ级切除32例,Ⅱ级切除9例,Ⅲ级切除5例。术后出现短暂尿崩2例,1例经眶上锁孔入路肿瘤切除术后出现脑脊液鼻漏,无死亡病例。全部病人术后随访6~50个月,平均26个月。术前28例视力障碍中,24例视力改善,2例加重,2例失明未恢复。肿瘤复发3例。结论 根据肿瘤部位、大小、生长方式,选择合适的手术入路,以及术中注意保护肿瘤比邻重要结构,是提高鞍结节脑膜瘤手术疗效、减少并发症的关键。     

改良翼点入路显微切除鞍结节脑膜瘤

目的 总结经改良翼点入路显微手术切除鞍结节脑膜瘤的经验. 方法回顾性分析广州军区武汉总医院神经外科自2001年1月至2007年4月应用改良翼点入路显微手术治疗的26例鞍结节脑膜瘤患者的临床资料. 结果 26例患者获Simpson Ⅰ级切除11例,Ⅱ级切除14例,Ⅲ级切除1例.术后视力损害和视野缺损均有不同程度恢复23例,1例视力无改变,术后视力下降2例经治疗后改善.7例术后出现不同程度的尿崩,经对症治疗约10 d后好转.无1例死亡.随访6个月～5年,肿瘤无复发. 结论改良翼点入路可对中颅窝、前颅窝、鞍区及鞍旁病变进行良好暴露,能处理各种类型的鞍结节脑膜瘤,提高全切除率,减少术后并发症,值得临床推广应用.     

显微手术治疗鞍结节脑膜瘤

目的探讨鞍结节脑膜瘤的手术入路和治疗策略.方法回顾性分析32例鞍结节脑膜瘤的临床资料,其中经单侧额下入路6例,经额外侧入路9例,经翼点入路8例,经额下-纵裂入路9例.结果肿瘤达SimpsonⅡ级切除26例,SimpsonⅢ级切除6例.失访3例,29例随访3～60个月,平均18.5个月.9例术前激素水平低下者术后均恢复正常.病人恢复正常工作和生活25例,不能独立生活4例.肿瘤复发2例.结论根据肿瘤大小和不同的生长方式选择恰当的手术入路,同时保护好鞍结节周围的重要结构,是获得良好手术效果的保证.     

显微手术治疗鞍结节脑膜瘤62例报告

目的：探讨鞍结节脑膜瘤的临床特点、手术入路及显微手术技巧。方法：回顾性分析2002年1月至2009年12月收治经显微手术治疗的62例鞍结节脑膜瘤患者的临床资料。根据肿瘤大小、主体生长方向、与周围重要结构关系等选择不同的手术入路。其中,51例鞍结节脑膜瘤经翼点入路,6例经额下入路,5例经额下翼点联合入路切除肿瘤。结果：SimpsonⅠ级和SimpsonⅡ级切除肿瘤55/62例（88.7%）,SimpsonⅢ级切除7/62例（11.3%）,无手术死亡病例。对62例患者进行随访,随访期限4～96个月,平均随访期38.6个月。47/62例（75.8%）恢复正常生活,12/62例（19.4%）可生活自理,3/62例（4.8%）日常生活需他人帮助,随访期间3/62例（4.8%）肿瘤复发,再次行手术治疗。结论：显微手术治疗鞍结节脑膜瘤疗效确切,充分的术前准备和个体化的手术入路及良好的显微外科技巧,可显著提高肿瘤全切率和减少并发症。     

前纵裂入路显微手术切除巨大鞍结节脑膜瘤

目的 探讨经前纵裂入路显微手术切除巨大鞍结节脑膜瘤的方法、适应证及疗效.方法 采用前纵裂入路切除直径>4 cm鞍结节脑膜瘤30例,并对其临床资料及随访结果进行回顾性分析.结果 手术切除结果按Simpson分级:Ⅰ级24例,Ⅱ级5例,共29例,占96.7%.术后视力改善20例,无改变6例,下降4例.尿崩或电解质紊乱8例,经保守治疗后好转,无死亡病例.结论 前纵裂入路是切除巨大鞍结节脑膜瘤良好的手术入路,暴露充分,可提高伞切除率和改善视力,并发症少.     

鞍结节脑膜瘤的鉴别诊断及显微手术技巧

目的探讨鞍结节脑膜瘤鉴别诊断和显微外科手术技巧。方法回顾分析32例鞍结节脑膜瘤的手术,肿瘤大小2~6 cm,所有患者均有视力障碍,其中25例为非对称。手术均采用翼点经侧裂入路。结果25例获肿瘤全切除,7例次全切除。术后视力改善16例,无变化10例,视力减退6例。CT、MR增强有助于鞍结节脑膜瘤与鞍上其他肿瘤的鉴别。结论诊断和治疗鞍结节脑膜瘤仍较困难,肿瘤与正常神经组织之间的蛛网膜屏障是手术的关键,严格地在其间分离使全切除肿瘤成为可能。     

鞍结节脑膜瘤的显微手术治疗

目的 探讨鞍结节脑膜瘤的显微手术治疗方法及其效果。方法 回顾性分析2007年1月至2013年7月显微手术治疗的45例鞍结节脑膜瘤患者的临床治疗,采用单侧额下入路22例,纵裂入路5例,翼点或扩大翼点入路15例,翼点及额下联合入路3例。结果 肿瘤全切除程度:Simpson分级Ⅰ级23例,Ⅱ级14例,Ⅲ级5例,Ⅳ级3例;肿瘤全切除率达82.2%。术前合并不同程度视力障碍的37例患者中,术后视力较术前好转27例,无明显变化6例,恶化4例;视力改善率73.0%。结论 鞍结节脑膜瘤周围毗邻重要结构,显微手术是其的主要治疗方法;手术时应根据肿瘤大小、生长方式、视力受损程度及术者习惯等选择不同的入路;熟悉的显微解剖知识、娴熟的显微外科技巧是手术成功的关键。     

鞍结节脑膜瘤的显微外科治疗(附30例报告)

目的探讨鞍结节脑膜瘤显微手术治疗效果。方法对30例行显微手术治疗的鞍结节脑膜瘤患者的临床资料及手术效果进行分析总结。结果肿瘤全切(Simpon分级Ⅰ、Ⅱ级)24例,次全切(Simpon分级Ⅳ级)4例,大部分切除2例。术中去骨瓣减压2例。手术死亡1例。术前有视力下降的26例患者中,术后早期视力改善20例,无变化4例,恶化2例。术后随访3～38个月,2例术中去骨瓣减压的患者分别于术后6个月及8个月时行颅骨缺损修补术;24例肿瘤全切病例中,3例患者有肿瘤复发,2例行二次手术,1例选择放射治疗。失访3例。结论鞍结节脑膜瘤位置深在,与周围血管神经等重要结构关系密切,但积极的显微外科手术治疗效果良好。     

内镜下经鼻蝶入路鞍结节脑膜瘤切除术

目的总结内镜下经鼻蝶入路切除鞍结节脑膜瘤的方法、疗效、手术指征和并发症。方法回顾性分析6例鞍结节脑膜瘤的临床资料,均选择内镜下经鼻入路。结果 SimpsonⅠ级切除5例,SimpsonⅣ级切除1例。术后视力减退改善4例,加重1例;视野障碍改善1例,无变化4例;视力视野术后未查1例。术后并发脑脊液漏2例,暂时性垂体前叶功能减退1例,死亡1例。随访5例,时间6个月～3年,经MRI复查肿瘤均无复发。结论内镜下经鼻蝶入路是鞍结节脑膜瘤外科治疗方法之一,具有手术创伤小、手术时间短及可达SimpsonⅠ级切除的优点。但本方法并不适合所有鞍结节脑膜瘤,需有严格的手术指征。     

额颞开颅硬膜外治疗鞍结节脑膜瘤7例临床分析

目的探讨鞍结节脑膜瘤的显微手术治疗方法，提高手术效果。方法回顾性分析我科2003年1月至2006年6月7例手术治疗鞍结节脑膜瘤病例，其中男性2例，女性5例。年龄36～65岁，平均（43．6±2．4）岁。均有不同程度的视力障碍，7例均先行额颞开颅硬膜外视神经减压术治疗。结果按Simpson手术切除的分级标准：Ⅰ～Ⅱ级5例（71．4％），Ⅲ～Ⅳ级2例（28．6％），无1例死亡。本组6例（85．7％）视力或视野有不同程度的恢复，视力无改变者1例（14．3％），无视力恶化者。结论与传统手术入路相比，采用额颞入路硬膜外视神经减压术治疗鞍结节脑膜瘤，可以最大限度的保护视神经及周围结构，有助于患者术后视力恢复及提高肿瘤全切除率，改善预后。     

Operative treatment of anterior cranial base meningiomas

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The aim of the study is to assess outcome of surgical treatment of anterior cranial base meningiomas with special emphasis on the evaluation of visual skills after surgery. Material AND METHODS: A series of 52 consecutive patients operated on for anterior cranial base meningioma in the last ten years is reported. 18 patients had decreased visual acuity on admission, 6 experienced blindness in one eye, and 4 were totally blind; defects of visual fields were found in 17 patients. Primary optic atrophy and secondary optic atrophy were noted in fundcoscopy in 20 and 2 patients, respectively. Papilloedema was found in 3 patients. RESULTS: Meningiomas were resected radically (Simpson I surgery) in 13 patients and in 34 patients Simpson II surgery with coagulation of the dural attachment was made; meningiomas were partially removed in 5 patients (Simpson IV surgery). In one patient dense hemiparesis occurred after the surgery, and 3 others presented adynamic syndrome, one of whom made a good recovery in follow-up examination. Two patients died: the first one due to a large brain oedema and the second one due to myocardial infarction after uncomplicated postoperative course. The postoperative course in the other 46 patients was uneventful with good outcome. Visual acuity improved in 15 cases and did not change in 10 patients; visual acuity further decreased in 3 patients. CONCLUSIONS: Visual recovery is significantly related to preoperative visual acuity values of no less than 0.3 D and to the presence of normal optic discs on fundoscopic examination additionally tumour size less than 3.5 cm favourably affects visual prognosis in meningiomas of tuberculum sellae.     

Classical pterional compared to the extended skull base approach for the removal of clinoidal meningiomas

We reviewed a series of 46 consecutive, surgically treated patients with clinoidal meningioma to compare the classical pterional approach (32 patients) to an extended approach including extradural clinoidectomy and removal of the optic canal roof (14 patients). The tumor size and Al-Mefty type, the extension into the optic canal, the time to identification of the optic nerve and internal carotid artery, and the visual outcome were evaluated. Complete tumor resection was obtained in 81% of patients with the classic pterional approach compared to 93% of patients using an extended approach. The extended skull base approach should be used routinely in clinoidal meningiomas >2.5 cm in size, in ones of Al-Mefty type III, and in all patients with tumor extension into the optic canal.     

Extended endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal removal of tuberculum sellae meningiomas: A preliminary report

In this present study, we reviewed our management of seven patients by an extended endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach to resect tuberculum sellae meningiomas. All surgery was performed using pure endoscopy and a neuronavigation system. In six patients, total resection of the tumor was accomplished; one patient had subtotal tumor removal. Post-operatively, visual function was improved in six patients, and was unchanged in one patient. There was asymptomatic tumor recurrence on MRI during the follow-up period in the patient in whom a subtotal resection had been performed. This preliminary report suggests that an extended endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach is an effective, minimally invasive approach for small and medium-sized tuberculum sellae meningiomas located in the midline. However, this approach should be limited to an experienced and coordinated endoneurosurgical team.     

鞍结节脑膜瘤显微手术治疗体会

目的 探讨鞍结节脑膜瘤手术入路选择、手术技巧及临床效果.方法 回顾性分析2000年2月至2006年10月手术治疗的45例鞍结节脑膜瘤的临床资料,14例经单侧额下入路,15例经翼点入路,9例经眶额翼点入路,7例扩大经额入路.结果 肿瘤全切除42例,大部分切除3例;术后视力改善33例,无明显变化9例,3例恶化.结论 根据肿瘤大小、部位、生长方式及毗邻关系选择正确的手术入路并结合熟练的显微外科手术操作是全切除肿瘤及获得良好临床疗效的关键.

Abstract：

Objective To study the surgical approaches, operative techniques and curative effects of tuberculum sellae meningiomas. Method Retrospective analysis was made on 45 cases of tuberculum sellae meningiomas operated with a variety of surgical approaches. In 14 patients,the tumors were removed through unilateral subfrontal approach, 15 through pterional approach,9 through fronto - orbital craniotomy and 7 through extended frontal approach. Results Of the 45 cases, tumor was totally removed in 42 cases, subtotally removed in 3. Postoperatively, the eyesight was improved in 33 cases, unchanged in 9 cases, and worse in 3 cases. Conclusions The surgical approach for tuberculum sellae meningioma should be chosen according to the size, location, growth pattern and adjacent relation of tumor. The microsurgical skill is the key for total removal of tumor and good curative effect.     

影响鞍结节脑膜瘤术后视力改善的因素分析

目的 研究影响鞍结节脑膜瘤术后视力改善的因素.方法 回顾性分析了2003年1月至2008年5月行显微手术治疗的45例鞍结节脑膜瘤患者的临床资料.以单眼为对象,分别对可能的影响因素行单因素分析及多因素分析.结果 全切35例,次全切10例.术后视力改善54只,无明显变化24只,恶化12只.统计分析显示术前视盘改变、肿瘤与视神经关系、侵及方向、年龄、视力下降时间及程度、肿瘤大小、质地及切除程度与术后视力改善密切相关(P<0.05).结论 术前视盘改变、肿瘤与视神经关系、侵及方向是影响术后视力改善最主要的因素.     

影响经手术治疗鞍区脑膜瘤视力预后的因素

目的　分析影响经手术治疗鞍区脑膜瘤视力预后的因素。方法　收集以视力障碍为首发症状的鞍区脑膜瘤71例。先以双眼为单位,根据视力损伤评分表对其术后与术前的视力视野进行评分,以评分差来衡量预后并进行多重回归,筛选影响双眼视力预后的因素。再以单眼为单位,将术后视力以0 0 5为界分为2组,与其影响因素行单因素分析,再以0 .0 5、0 . 5和1 . 0为界分为4个等级,进行有序分类logistic回归,分析影响单眼术后视力的因素。结果　双眼视力的综合预后受其术前的评分及肿瘤切除程度的影响(B =- 0 . 1 0 9,P <0 . 0 5和B =7 4 .0 8,P <0 . 0 5) ;单眼的术后视力与其术前视力呈正相关(B =4 .2 55,P <0 .0 1 )与视乳头的病变程度及视神经的受累程度呈负相关(B =- 0 . 94 3,P <0 . 0 1和B =- 0 .830 ,P <0 . 0 5) ;术前视力低于0 .0 5、视乳头苍白萎缩或视神经管受累的眼球术后视力恢复到0 . 0 5以上的比例极小。结论　术前的视力、视乳头的病变程度、视神经的受累程度及肿瘤的切除程度对术后的视力恢复有影响。     

蝶眶脑膜瘤18例手术治疗临床分析

目的 探讨经颅入路显微切除蝶眶脑膜瘤的手术方法、疗效及随访结果.方法 对18例蝶眶脑膜瘤患者选用额颞入路、眶颧入路或眶颧结合扩大前颅窝底入路硬膜外结合硬膜内切除肿瘤,在硬膜外磨除增生的蝶骨大翼骨质、眶上裂、视神经管开放减压,其中经额颞入路15例,眶颧入路2例,眶额结合扩大前颅窝底入路1例,术前、术后均有视觉功能评价、手术录像及术后影像评估肿瘤切除程度.结果 肿瘤切除程度:Simpson Ⅰ级2例,SimpsonⅡ级6例,SimpsonⅢ级8例,SimpsonⅣ级2例.18例患者术后突眼情况均有好转,视觉功能改善13例.随访6 -56个月(平均25.3个月),2例患者肿瘤复发.结论 选择合适的手术入路显微切除蝶眶脑膜瘤,可获得充分显露和眶尖、球后减压,可有效缓解突眼、视觉障碍及眼肌麻痹.因肿瘤多累及眶尖、眶上裂、海绵窦等重要结构,肿瘤难以全切,术后容易复发.