冷光美白对釉质表面细菌生物膜形成的影响

目的:研究Beyond冷光美白对牙釉质表面主要致龋菌生物膜形成的影响。方法:制备4 mm×4 mm×1 mm的釉质片20片,随机分为冷光美白组、美白剂组、冷光照射组和对照组4组,每组5片。冷光美白组用Beyond美白凝胶（主要成分为H₂O₂）+冷光照射美白3次,每次12 min;美白剂组只在釉质片表面涂布美白凝胶美白3次,每次12 min;冷光照射组仅用冷光灯照射釉质片3次,每次12 min;对照组不做任何处理。在人工口腔模型内,将上述4组釉质片置于变形链球菌、黏性放线菌、具核梭杆菌混合菌液中培养36 h,用激光共聚焦显微镜(confocal laser scanning microscopy, CLSM）观察所形成的混合细菌生物膜,采用SAS8.2软件包对所得数据进行Kruskal-Wallis秩和检验。结果:CLSM扫描可见冷光美白组、美白剂组、冷光照射组的生物膜较对照组生物膜稀疏,生物膜厚度均显著小于对照组（P<0.05）;冷光美白组、美白剂组、冷光照射组之间生物膜厚度差异无显著性（P>0.05）;与对照组相比,冷光美白组、美白剂组、冷光照射组釉质表面生物膜中活菌百分比显著降低（P<0.001）。结论:冷光美白可抑制釉质表面混合细菌生物膜的形成,破坏生物膜的结构,降低混合细菌生物膜中活菌的数量。     

白藜芦醇对脱矿牙本质基质影响的相关性研究

目的:探讨白藜芦醇对基质金属蛋白酶-2活性及耐脱矿力的影响,以期为白藜芦醇的临床应用提供实验依据。方法:设置实验组白藜芦醇的浓度梯度:12.5 μmol/L、25 μmol/L、50 μmol/L、100 μmol/L、200 μmol/L、400 μmol/L,阳性对照组0.2%氯己定,阴性对照组去离子水。每组取10 μL与提取出来的牙源性mmp-2 30 μL混合孵育30 min,用体液基质金属蛋白酶-2活性比色法定量检测各组混合20 min后的酶活性,每组重复5次。 牙本质片经pH循环后,用激光共聚焦电子显微镜3D图像观察牙本质脱矿深度。结果:实验组白藜芦醇浓度在50 μmol/L以上时有明显抑制作用,且在100 μmol/L、200 μmol/L、400 μmol/L时的酶活性抑制率与阳性对照组间无显著性差异。激光共聚焦电子显微镜3D图像显示100 μmol/L Res的染色深度明显低于阴性对照组,统计学分析结果显示100 μmol/L Res的平均脱矿深度显著低于阴性对照组(P<0.05),与阳性对照组间并无显著性差异。结论:白藜芦醇可抑制基质金属蛋白酶-2活性及牙本质脱矿。     

三维虚拟牙科患者的建立对前牙美学修复效果的影响研究

目的 探究三维虚拟牙科患者的建立对前牙美学修复效果的影响。方法 选取30例需进行上前牙瓷贴面或全瓷冠修复的患者,分3组：组一建立三维虚拟牙科患者进行修复设计;组二结合二维面部照片设计;组三不参考面部信息,仅基于CAD/CAM形态数据库进行设计。制定前牙美学修复效果评价量表,由三位医师对术后美学效果进行评分比较。患者采用视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue scales, VAS)进行前牙美学修复效果满意度评价。结果 (1)实现三维虚拟牙科患者的临床建模路径,完成整合面部美学要素的前牙修复效果评价量表的制定。(2)术后美学效果医师评价：组一、组二、组三总评分分别为(82.53±2.70)、(80.30±1.77)、(72.90±3.39)分,组三显著低于组一及组二(P<0.05);三组面部效果评分分别为(27.97±1.39)、(24.43±2.21)、(22.33±2.25)分,组一显著高于组二及组三(P<0.05)。三组患者满意度VAS评分分别为(8.70±0.71)、(7.30±0.67)、(6.60±0.84)分,组一显著高于组二及组三(P<0.05)...     

3种氟素制剂对致龋链球菌生长抑制作用的比较研究

目的 :比较 380 g/LAg(NH3 ) 2 F、10 0 g/L (NH4)MoO2 F4和APF -LaCl3 对变形链球菌In gbritt(C)和远缘链球菌KI(g)的生长抑制作用。方法 :涂布 1.5× 10 8/mLIngbritt(C)和KI(g)菌液于心脑浸液琼脂培养基 ,用直径 6mm无菌滤纸片分别蘸 10 0 g/L(NH4)MoO2 F4、380 g/LAg(NH3 ) 2 F、APF、LaCl3 、APF +LaCl3 及生理盐水贴于培养基上 ,37℃微需氧培养 4 8h ,测量抑菌圈直径 ,比较分析。结果 :380g/LAg(NH3 ) 2 F ,10 0 g/L(NH4)MoO2 F4,9g/LAPF对Ingbritt(C)和KI(g)均有抑制作用 ,其中 380 g/LAg(NH3 ) 2 F最强 ,9g/LAPF最弱 ;而LaCl3 、APF +LaCl3 对Ingbritt(C)和KI(g)生长无抑制作用。 结论 :380 g/LAg(NH3 ) 2 F、10 0 g/L(NH4)MoO2 F4和APF -LaCl3 3者中 ,380g/LAg(NH3 ) 2 F抑菌作用最强 ,APF -LaCl3 最弱     

Effects of neuromuscular deprogramming on the head position

Objectives:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the neuromuscular deprogramming of the mandible on the craniocervical position.

Methods:

Participants (n?=?65) were separated into two groups: 25 untreated controls (10 men and 15 women) and 40 patients (17 men and 23 women) and underwent neuromuscular deprogramming with upper occlusal splints for an average of 6 months and 7 days, before orthodontic treatment. Lateral cephalograms were obtained from each subject in the natural head position (NHP), before and after neuromuscular deprogramming. Craniocervical cephalometric analysis was performed to evaluate craniovertical (NSL/VER), craniocervical (OPT/NSL and CVT/NSL), and cervicohorizontal (OPT/HOR and CVT/HOR) angulation, and the angle of the cervical curvature (OPT/CVT).

Results:

After neuromuscular deprogramming, significant changes in three angles — NSL/VER (P<0·001), OPT/NSL (P<0·001) and CVT/NSL (P<0·001) — were found between the two groups. For the cervical spine position, no significant changes were observed.

Conclusion:

The results indicate that neuromuscular deprogramming using occlusal splint causes significant extension of the head.     

Long-Term Results of Surgical Intervention on the Temporomandibular Joint

Between 1973–1987, 40 patients (51 joints) underwent 71 surgical procedures on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Indications for surgery included painful TM dysfunction, not alleviated by conservative treatment of at least 12 months' duration, or complete anterior disk dislocation not responding to conservative treatment for three to six months. The incidence of surgical treatment in the period 1983–1987 was 4.1% in a group of 679 patients. The mean follow-up is 5.8 years (range 1–15 years).

At the follow-up examination (37/51) 72.5% of the treated joints appeared to have an excellent or good result; however, 14/51 joints had one or more reoperations (= 14/40 patients: 35%).

The first surgical procedure on the TMJ resulted in an excellent or good result in 29/51 (57%) joints: 6/14 (= 42.9%) high condylectomies; 5/8 (= 62.5%) high condylectomies with a plication procedure; 15/24 (= 62.5%) plication procedure only; 2/2 silastic implants. After one or more reoperations, these figures improved to 10/14 (71%) high condylectomies, 7/8 (87.5%) high condylectomies with a plication procedure, 17/24 (70.8%) plication procedures.

Radiographic changes, including flattening of the condyle, lack of condylar contour, erosion, sclerosis, subcondral cysts, and osteophytes were seen in all (16/16) patients in which a high condylectomy was performed. Out of 22 joints in which only a disk repositioning and plication procedure was performed, only 4/22 showed radiographic changes. The radiographic status was not correlated to the clinical picture at the time of the follow-up examination.     

正常人不同辅音对元音影响的初步研究

目的:研究正常人不同辅音对元音的影响,为腭裂语音的研究和治疗提供参考。方法:35例在校大学生,男15例,女20例;年龄20～22岁,平均20.43岁。被检音为3组6个音节:/si/-/ji/、/bo/-/po/、/jü/-/qü/。将被检音输入计算机语音工作站CSL4400,测量其元音的音长、基频、前3个共振峰和音强,采用SPSS11.5统计软件对所得数据进行配对t检验。结果:/si/与/ji/的元音音长分别为0.39±0.08和0.31±0.07,第2共振峰分别为2093.55±350.62和2454.33±422.00,有显著性差异(P<0.01);/bo/与/po/的元音音长分别为0.35±0.09和0.53±0.07,音强分别为64.11±4.58和69.94±3.59,有显著性差异(P<0.01);/jü/与/qü/的元音音长分别为0.29±0.07和0.35±0.09。第3共振峰分别为3180.30±301.72和2901.06±259.75,音强分别为68.99±4.59和71.70±5.21,有显著差异(P<0.05)。结论:辅音的送气与否、阻碍的部位和程度均会对后面的元音产生一定影响,但不会改变元音的音质。     

葡萄糖浓度影响寡发酵链球菌抑制变形链球菌作用的研究

目的 研究不同葡萄糖浓度对寡发酵链球菌(Streptococcus oligofermentans,So)与变形链球菌(Streptococcus mutans,Sm)之间相互作用的影响,及对So产过氧化氢能力的影响.方法通过平板培养法观察在不同葡萄糖浓度下So与Sm之间的相互作用;运用4-氨基安替吡啉-辣根过氧化物酶法测定不同葡萄糖浓度下So过氧化氢的初始产生速率和产量.结果环境葡萄糖浓度为0、10、50 mmol/L时均可见So对Sm有抑制作用;Sm受抑制区面积占菌膜面积比值:同时接种So和Sm时,无糖环境比值为0.202±0.005,10、50 mmol/L葡萄糖环境分别为0.467±0.025和0.468±0.028;先接种So再接种Sm时,无糖环境比值为0.394 ±0.004,10 mmol/L葡萄糖环境为0.811 ±0.075,50 mmol/L葡萄糖环境为0.816 ±0.007.葡萄糖浓度为10、50 mmol/L时So对Sm的抑制作用均较无糖环境下显著(P＜0.05),但两种浓度抑制作用差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).葡萄糖浓度为10、50 mmol/L时So的过氧化氢初始产生速率[(23.573±0.263)、(23.337±0.473) μmol·L-1·min -1]均显著高于无糖环境[(10.513 ±0.516) μmol·L-1·min-1],P ＜0.05.无糖环境下So对数生长期各时段过氧化氢产量高于有糖环境(P＜0.05).1000 mmol/L葡萄糖环境下未见So抑制Sm,亦未能检测到So产生过氧化氢.结论So抑制Sm的能力受糖环境的影响,在10、50 mmol/L葡萄糖环境下,So具有更强的抑制Sm能力.     

Effect of resin-based material combination on the compressive and the flexural strength

The mechanical properties, elasticity and compressive strength, of restorative materials play a crucial role during mastication for clinical performance of materials in particular stress bearing areas at posterior regions. This in vitro study was objected to evaluate the changes in the compressive and flexural strength of tooth-coloured resin-based dental restorations placed on flowable composites. Specimens in the control group were produced in cylindrical form for testing compressive strength and in quadrangular prism form for flexural strength test. Tetric Ceram, Charisma, Surefil, Admira and two compomers; Dyract AP and Compoglass F in test group specimens were fabricated by placing the control materials on different flowables. The material combinations were as follows: Tetric Ceram/Tetric Flow Charisma/Flowline, Surefil/Dyract Flow, Admira/Admira Flow, Dyract AP/Dyract Flow, Compoglass F/Compoglass Flow. Compressive strength values were measured at the Instron Testing Machine with a cross-head speed of 10 mm min(-1) while flexural strength were determined in three-point bending with a cross-head speed of 1 mm min(-1). One-way anova and Tukey's multiple comparison tests were performed for the statistical analysis. The flexural strength values of Tetric Ceram/Tetric Flow (135.9 +/- 3.2), Charisma/Flowline (120.4 +/- 5.6) and Compoglass F/Compoglass Flow (108.2 +/- 5.2) combinations were statistically greater than Tetric Ceram (110.8 +/- 10.5), Charisma (95.3 +/- 5.3) and Compoglass F (86.9 +/- 4.9). The results of the present study support the idea that the placement of flowable composite as a liner under the resin-based composite restoratives increase the flexural strength.     

牙本质玷污层特性对自粘接树脂水门汀粘接强度的影响

目的 评价牙本质表面玷污层的特性对自粘接型树脂水门汀粘接强度和耐久性的影响。方法 将48颗新鲜无龋的人第三恒磨牙暴露出牙本质表面,分别用标准粒径（105~125 μm）金刚砂车针（A组）和标准粒径+细粒径（25 μm）金刚砂车针进行研磨（B组）。研磨后的牙齿分别与Clearfil SA Cement（CSA）和Multilink Speed（MS）两种自粘接型复合树脂水门汀粘接,制成微拉伸试件,试件分别在水中存储24 h和2年,进行微拉伸强度测试,断裂后的试件使用体视显微镜观察粘接界面并记录断裂模式。采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察研磨后的牙本质表面及牙本质-树脂粘接界面。结果 A组SEM观察到研磨后牙本质表面粗糙,玷污层较厚,牙本质小管口未完全栓塞;B组牙本质表面粗糙程度降低,牙本质小管口完全栓塞,玷污层变薄。CSA和MS的B组初期粘接强度显著低于A组（P<0.05）;CSA和MS的粘接强度在水储存2年后出现显著降低（P<0.05）,CSA的B组粘接强度显著低于A组（P<0.05）,而MS的A组与B组间的粘接强度无明显差异（P>0.05）。结论 牙本质表面玷污层特点及自粘接型树脂水门汀类型都会对粘接强度及耐久性产生影响。     

唑来膦酸胶原膜对骨代谢细胞的影响初探

目的 通过研究唑来膦酸胶原膜对骨代谢细胞的影响,探讨该载药膜是否具有抑制局部骨吸收、促进局部骨形成的能力.方法 分别以双层胶原膜(Bio-Gide(R))和单层胶原膜(BME-10X(R))为载体,吸附不同浓度唑来膦酸(zoledronic acid,ZA),制备唑来膦酸胶原膜,分别命名为BG0、BG1、BG2、BG3组和BM0、BM1、BM2、BM3组(BG代表双层胶原膜,BM代表单层胶原膜,0、1、2、3分别代表唑来膦酸浓度为0、1×10-4、1×10-3、1×10-2 mol/L),设置无胶原膜组为空白对照组.通过离体细胞培养,评价唑来膦酸胶原膜对破骨细胞和成骨细胞的影响.结果 唑来膦酸胶原膜与破骨细胞体外共培养显示:培养第7大,BG1、BG2、BG3、BM1、BM2、BM3组骨吸收陷窝面积百分比分别为18.80%、14.75%、14.28%、20.51%、15.77%、15.12%,明显低于BG0(31.53%)和BM0(32.22%,P＜0.05),载药量越高,其抑制效果越强.唑来膦酸胶原膜与成骨细胞体外共培养显示:培养第7天,BG2组增殖指数(7.00)明显高于BG0(6.90);培养第4天,BG2、BG3、BM2、BM3组碱性磷酸酶表达(分别为154.67、154.33、155.33、152.00 U/g)明显高于BG0(129.33 U/g)和BM0(127.67 U/g,P＜0.05).结论 唑来膦酸胶原膜可同时具有抑制骨吸收和促进成骨细胞增殖的能力.

Abstract：

Objective To develop zoledronic acid (ZA)-loaded collagen membranes, and to study its effect on osteoclast and osteoblast so as to investigate whether ZA-loaded membranes can inhibit local bone resorption and promote bone formation. Methods ZA-loaded double-layer (Bio-Gide(R)) and singlelayer(BME-10X(R)) collagen membranes were prepared and divided into eight groups according to the concentrations of ZA in the membrane, namely Group BG0, BG1, BG2, BG3 and BM0, BM1, BM2, BM3 (BG refers to Bio-Gide(R), BM refers to BME-10X(R), 0, 1,2, 3 refer to the concentrations of ZA, 0, 1 ×10-4, 1 × 10-3, 1 × 10-2 mol/L respectively). Blank control group was set without using collagen membrane. The effects of ZA-loaded membranes on osteoclast and osteoblast were assessed using in vitro cell culture models. Results In vitro coculture of ZA-loaded membrane with osteoclast for seven days showed that the percentage of bone resorption area in BG1, BG2, BG3, BM1, BM2, BM3 were 18.80%,14.75%, 14.28%, 20.51%, 15.77%, 15.12% respectively, which were lower than that in BG0 (31.53%) and BM0(32.22%, P ＜0.05), and the higher ZA loading was, the stronger its inhibition to osteoclast was. In vitro coculture of ZA-loaded membrane with osteoblast for four days indicated that alkaline pbosphatase(ALP) activities in BG2 (154.67 U/g), BM2 (154.33 U/g), BG3 (155.33 U/g), BM3 (152.00 U/g) were higher than that in BG0(129.33 U/g) and BM0(127.67 U/g, P ＜ 0.05). What's more, results from seven-day coculture showed that proliferation index in BG2(7.00) was higher than that in BG0(6.90). Conclusions ZA-loaded collagen membrane can not only inhibit osteoclastic bone resorption but also improve proliferation of osteoblast.     

不同冠根比对种植单冠修复体临床效果的影响

目的 探讨种植牙冠根比对种植体生存率、种植体周围骨组织吸收的影响.方法 选择2008年1月至2009年2月间52例种植修复的患者,均部分或个别牙缺失,采用延期种植技术,共植入83颗ITI种植体.在种植体完成冠修复时和功能负载3年后分别对种植牙采用标准化X线投照技术,拍摄种植体数字化牙片.利用CliniView 6.1.3软件,分别测量计算出种植牙的冠根比与种植体周围骨垂直高度丧失的数值.结果 观察期间3例患者4颗种植体失败,种植体的3年累积生存率为95.2％;解剖冠根比平均为(0.99±0.32);临床冠根平均为(1.41±0.33).不同种植体冠根比之间的生存率没有明显差异(P＞0.05).种植体周围骨垂直高度丧失平均值为(-0.64±0.30) mm.按解剖冠根比小于1、1～ 1.9和大于或等于2将种植体分为3组,骨垂直高度丧失分别为(-0.86±0.25) mm、(-0.46±0.20)mm和-0.11 mm,各组间的差异无统计学意义(P＞ 0.05).按临床冠根比小于1、1 ～ 1.4、1.5 ～ 1.9和大于或等于2将种植体分为4组,骨垂直高度丧失量分别为(-1.84±0.84) mm、(-0.77 ± 0.08)mm、(-0.36±0.09)mm和(-0.17±0.05)mm,各组间的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 后牙区种植牙的解剖冠根比或临床冠根比大小没有对种植体生存率和周围骨垂直高度丧失产生影响,冠根比大的种植体同样可以获得良好的临床效果.     

腭裂咽成形术后患者异常语音的发音特点研究

目的：对腭裂咽成形术后患者的发音特点和发生机制进行探讨。方法：本组病例82例(男46，女36)，年龄4～31岁(平均13.44岁)。采用汉语语音清晰度测试表(包含音节、词、词组、短句)对患者录音，并对其语音清晰度、异常语音、代偿性发音进行分析比较。结果：在82例患者巾，以腭咽闭合不全型为持点的代偿性语音71例：声门塞音60例、咽摩擦音11例；以腭咽闭合良好型为特点的代偿性语音11例：腭化音6例、腭化 侧化音2例、侧化音3例．清晰度：声门塞音46.27％、咽摩擦音57.19％、腭化音67．17％、腭化 侧化音74．67％、侧化音77．50％．异常辅音多见于塞音、擦音、塞擦音，辅音的弱化以送气音p66．67％(8／12)、t78.95％(15／19)、s60％(39／64)、sh60％(39／64)、c66％(43／65)、ch66％(43／65)、x62％(39／63)、q67％(43／64)、k76％(31／41)、b73％(43／59)所占比例较多；辅音的脱落则以不送气音z81％(56／69)、zh81％(56／69)、i80％(56／70)、g84％(48／57)所占比例较多。结论：咽成形术后仍以腭咽闭合不全型为特点的代偿性语音为主，主要表现为辅音的脱落与弱化。产生弱化的辅音多见于送气音，产生脱落的辅音则多见于不送气音．     

Influence of the solubility parameter of intermediary resin on the effectiveness of the gluma bonding system.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of the solubility parameter of the intermediary resin in the Gluma system on the bonding to dentin. The solubility parameter of the resins was varied between 18.8 x 10(3) and 21.1 x 10(3) J(1/2)/m3/2 by varying the composition of the resin. The efficacy of the bonding system was determined by measurements of marginal gaps formed by polymerization contraction of a restorative resin in dentin cavities treated with the bonding system. The bonding system had maximum efficacy at a solubility parameter of the intermediary resin of delta = 20.0 x 10(3) J(1/2)/m3/2. This finding corroborates a concept of bonding to dentin that involves a mechanical interlocking by interpenetrating resins.     

泡状棘球蚴感染对实验性牙周炎的影响

目的探讨泡状棘球蚴感染对大鼠牙周炎的影响及其机制。 方法30只Wistar大鼠采用随机数字表法分为A组（泡状棘球蚴感染+牙周炎造模组）、B组（牙周炎造模组）、C组（正常对照组）,每组各10只。A组为用结扎线结扎第2磨牙颈部,在丝线上涂抹细菌混悬液,建立牙周炎模型,同时经皮肝脏穿刺注射泡状棘球蚴原头节感染泡状棘球蚴,B组为牙周炎组,建模方法同上。观察体重及牙周指标变化,留取标本进行细胞因子等指标测定。采用LSD-t检验及方差分进行统计学分析。 结果在泡状棘球蚴感染6个月后,A组和B组大鼠牙周探诊深度（PD）及临床附着丧失（CAL）明显重于正常对照组,而A组大鼠的PD和CAL与B大鼠比较明显改善[PD_A =（3.53 ± 0.54）mm,PD_B=（5.68 ± 0.47）mm;CAL_A=（3.47 ± 0.48）mm,CAL_B=（5.78 ± 0.45）mm],差异有统计学意义（t_PD= 9.497,P_PD<0.001;t_CAL= 11.102,P_CAL<0.001）;在泡状棘球蚴感染6个月后,A组大鼠血清及龈沟液白细胞介素（IL）-10、IL-4含量高于B组,差异有统计学意义（血清t_IL-10= 6.267,P_IL-10<0.001;t_IL-4= 2.942,P_IL-4= 0.004;龈沟液t_IL-10=2.220,P_IL-10=0.019;t_IL-4= 5.458,P_IL-4<0.001）,而B组低于C组,差异有统计学意义（血清t_IL-10= 9.507,P_IL-10<0.001;t_IL-4= 6.465,P_IL-4<0.001;龈沟液t_IL-10= 8.378,P_IL-10<0.001;t_IL-4= 7.444,P_IL-4<0.001）;A组大鼠血清及龈沟液IL-2、干扰素γ（IFN-γ）含量低于B组,差异有统计学意义（血清t_IL-2= 1.906,P_IL-2= 0.036;t_INF= 2.844,P_INF= 0.005;龈沟液t_IL-2= 2.815,P_IL-2= 0.005;t_INF= 2.575,P_INF= 0.009）,而B组高于C组,差异有统计学意义（血清t_IL-2= 3.271,P_IL-2= 0.002;t_INF= 7.095,P_INF<0.001;龈沟液t_IL-2= 5.919,P_IL-2<0.001;t_INF= 7.020,P_INF<0.001）。 结论泡状棘球蚴感染对牙周炎具有拮抗作用,其机制可能与Th1/Th2免疫偏移有关。     

吸烟对慢性牙周炎牙龈微循环影响的初步研究

目的 从牙龈微循环方面探讨吸烟促进慢性牙周炎的机制。方法 试验一选取慢性牙周炎吸烟患者（A组）、慢性牙周炎不吸烟患者（B组）、牙周健康不吸烟志愿者（C组）上前牙各102颗,应用激光多普勒血流仪进行上前牙区牙龈血流量（GBF）检测。试验二根据是否吸烟将牙周翻瓣术中取材牙龈分为吸烟组（A’组）和不吸烟组（B’组）,并将牙周健康不吸烟者行牙冠延长术或埋伏阻生智齿拔除术中取材牙龈作为对照组（C’组）,通过组织切片进行3组牙龈组织微血管密度（MVD）计数。采用SPSS 22.0软件包进行数据统计分析。结果 B组与C组相比,各牙位GBF均有增加,其中12牙、21牙、23牙差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。B’组MVD高于C’组（P<0.05）;A’组与B’组MVD间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 牙周炎症会引起GBF、牙龈MVD的增高,但吸烟并不会引起牙龈微循环（GBF、MVD）的显著变化,尚不支持吸烟通过影响牙龈微循环促进慢性牙周炎发生发展这一机制。     

口腔科患者末梢血GSH-PX活性研究

谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ）是反映机体抗过氧化能力的指标之一．作者采用５’５—二硫对硝基苯甲酸（ＤＴＮＢ）间接比色法测定颌面部恶性肿瘤患者２２例ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ６３．１７±７．３９ｕ／Ｌ,颌面部外伤患者１１例８６．３９±１１．２５ｕ／Ｌ,正常健康人２０例１２３．８１±２８．５４ｕ／Ｌ,经ｔ检验得知,恶性肿瘤组与外伤组之间差别显著（ｔ＝４．３７７８ｒ＝３１ｐ＜０．００１）,恶性肿瘤组与正常健康人之间差别显著（ｔ＝３．０５８１ｒ＝４０ｐ＜０．０１）外伤组与正常健康人之间无差别（ｔ＝０．９２０１ｒ＝２９０．３＜ｐ＜０．４     

吸烟对慢性牙周炎牙龈微循环影响的初步研究

目的 从牙龈微循环方面探讨吸烟促进慢性牙周炎的机制。方法 试验一选取慢性牙周炎吸烟患者（A组）、慢性牙周炎不吸烟患者（B组）、牙周健康不吸烟志愿者（C组）上前牙各102颗,应用激光多普勒血流仪进行上前牙区牙龈血流量（GBF）检测。试验二根据是否吸烟将牙周翻瓣术中取材牙龈分为吸烟组（A’组）和不吸烟组（B’组）,并将牙周健康不吸烟者行牙冠延长术或埋伏阻生智齿拔除术中取材牙龈作为对照组（C’组）,通过组织切片进行3组牙龈组织微血管密度（MVD）计数。采用SPSS 22.0软件包进行数据统计分析。结果 B组与C组相比,各牙位GBF均有增加,其中12牙、21牙、23牙差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。B’组MVD高于C’组（P<0.05）;A’组与B’组MVD间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 牙周炎症会引起GBF、牙龈MVD的增高,但吸烟并不会引起牙龈微循环（GBF、MVD）的显著变化,尚不支持吸烟通过影响牙龈微循环促进慢性牙周炎发生发展这一机制。     

选择性雌激素受体调节剂抑制变异链球菌的作用探究

目的 筛选小分子抗菌药物,探讨选择性雌激素受体调节剂(SERMs)对变异链球菌的抗菌作用及作用机制.方法 采用微量稀释法,筛选426个美国食品药物管理局批准的小分子药物对变异链球菌的最低抑菌浓度,通过建立变异链球菌的随机突变体库,探究SERMs作用于变异链球菌的靶点.结果 小分子药物库中归属于SERMs的托瑞米芬、他莫...     

Effect of a neutralising agent on the evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of chlorhexidine on the bacterial salivary flora

Objective

To test the efficacy of a previously described neutralising agent to counteract any antimicrobial activity of 0.2% of chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthrinse on the salivary flora, which is only exhibited after sampling of surviving bacteria, resulting in false positive efficacy data.

Methods

Unstimulated salivary samples were collected of 20 volunteers under basal conditions and at 30 s and 1 h after of a single mouthrinse of 0.2% CHX. Each salivary sample was divided into 2 equal aliquots; one was mixed with neutralising agent (3% Tween 80, 0.3% lecithin and 0.1% cysteine) and the other with a control solution. The colony forming units (cfu/mL) were determined and expressed as logarithms (log₁₀ cfu/mL).

Results

At baseline, the total bacterial concentrations were similar, independently of the addition of neutralising solution or control solution (8.419 ± 0.346 log₁₀ cfu/mL and 8.462 ± 0.474 log₁₀ cfu/mL, respectively, p = 0.440). At 30 s performing the CHX mouthrinse, the bacterial load reduction was statistically significant between both sampling methods (1.917 ± 1.275 log₁₀ cfu/mL, p < 0.001). One hour after performing the CHX mouthrinse, the bacterial load reduction was statistically significant between both sampling methods (0.537 ± 0.706 log₁₀ cfu/mL, p = 0.003).

Conclusions

Neutralising agent was not toxic to the bacterial salivary flora and effectively deactivated the “residual antimicrobial activity” of the 0.2% CHX (after exposure and during processing of samples). We propose the use of this neutralising agent when evaluating the antibacterial activity of CHX mouthrinses.