Chlamydia pneumoniae in patients undergoing surgery for thoracic aortic disease

OBJECTIVE: To investigate if Chlamydia pneumoniae is present in the wall of the thoracic aorta in patients operated on for aneurysm or aortic dissection. DESIGN: Consecutive patients undergoing surgery for thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA, 32 patients) and for aortic dissection (6 patients) were included in this prospective study. Tissue samples from the aorta were analysed for the presence of C. pneumoniae by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), histopathology, immunohistochemistry and in one aortic tissue sample C. pneumoniae was verified by electron microscopy and immunogold labelling technique. Cultured Hep 2 cells infected with C. pneumoniae were used as a positive control for electron microscopy. Sera for microimmunofluorescence were obtained in 36/38 and throat swabs for C. pneumoniae PCR in 17/38 patients. RESULTS: Chlamydia pneumoniae was detected by PCR in 4 of 32 TAA tissue samples (12%) and in 0 of 6 patients operated on for aortic dissection. Chlamydia pneumoniae inclusion bodies in one of the PCR positive tissue samples were verified by electron microscopy. IgG antibodies to C. pneumoniae were present in 17/31 (55%) and IgA in 15/31 (48%) of the TAA patients and in none of five tested patients with dissection. None of the tested throat swabs was positive. CONCLUSION: In this study we report the presence of C. pneumoniae by PCR and electron microscopy in the wall of TAA. A high prevalence of serum IgA antibodies to C. pneumoniae was found in TAA patients. In contrast no signs of C. pneumoniae were detected in patients with thoracic aortic dissection.     

The role of Chlamydia pneumoniae in human aortic disease-a hypothesis revisited.

BACKGROUND: The role of Chlamydia pneumoniae in the pathogenesis of aortic aneurysm is controversial. We investigated the presence of C. pneumoniae in tissue samples excised from patients and controls. METHODS: Aortic wall specimens were obtained from 17 patients with acute Stanford type A aortic dissection, 25 patients with thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA) and 23 patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). Eighty-three tissue samples of 73 control patients free of aortic disease were obtained either at surgery or autopsy. The presence of Chlamydia subspecies DNA (sequences specific for all known Chlamydiaceae) and DNA of C. pneumoniae, C. trachomatis and C. psittaci were assessed by a validated highly sensitive and specific real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. Atherosclerotic risk factors were assessed in all patients. RESULTS: We failed to detect C. pneumoniae and C. psittaci-DNA in any of the 148 vessel specimens. C. trachomatis-DNA was detected in 1/65 patients and in none of 83 controls (P=0.43). Chlamydia subspecies DNA was found in samples of eight cases and in one control (P=0.01), however, no significant differences were found between the subgroups aortic dissection (P=0.09), TAA (P=0.99) and AAA (P=0.15) and respective controls. CONCLUSIONS: C. pneumoniae does not play a clinically relevant role in acute and chronic aortic disease. The impact of other organisms of the family Chlamydiaceae needs further evaluation.     

Endovascular repair of a ruptured thoracic aortic dissection with a right sided aortic arch: A case report

BackgroundEmergency treatment of complex aortic pathology is challenging in the setting of a right-sided aortic arch. We report the successful treatment of a ruptured thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) in the setting of a Stanford type B aortic dissection (TBAD) and right-sided aortic arch.Presentation of caseThe patient is a 66-year-old male with chronic kidney disease (CKD) admitted with right sided chest pain and hypotension. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) revealed a 5 cm ruptured TAA in the setting of a TBAD and right-sided aortic arch. The TBAD began just distal to the right common carotid artery and involved the origin of the left subclavian artery (SCA). Using a totally percutaneous approach, a conformable Gore^® TAG^® thoracic endoprosthesis was placed in proximal descending thoracic aorta covering the left SCA. Aside from progression of his pre-existing CKD, the patient had an uneventful recovery. CTA one-month post-procedure revealed a type IB endoleak with degeneration of the distal descending thoracic aorta. To exclude the endoleak, the repair was extended distally using a Medtronic Valiant^® thoracic stent graft. The left subclavian artery was subsequently coil embolized to treat an additional retrograde endoleak. The patient has done well with no further evidence of endoleak or aneurysm expansion.ConclusionRight-sided aortic arch presents challenges in the emergency setting. CTA and post-processing reconstructions are very helpful. While the endoleaks prompted additional interventions, the end result was excellent. This case displays the importance of careful attention to detail and follow-up in these complicated patients.     

分次阻断胸腹主动脉重建术13例

目的 总结胸腹主动脉瘤（TAA）分次主动脉阻断法胸腹主动脉重建的经验,探讨该手术方式对降低手术病死率、减少严重并发症－肾衰、截瘫等的作用。方法 运用改良的Crawford法行胸腹主动脉分支重建术13例。其中男性9例,女性4例。TAA分型为I型1例,Ⅱ型1例,Ⅲ型2例,Ⅳ型3例（Crawford分型）;主动脉夹层Debakey I型1例,主动脉夹层DebakeyⅢ4例（其中2例为动脉瘤破裂急诊手术病例）;主动脉缩窄1例。结果 13例手术均成功完成,1例于手术即将结束时因心脏意外死亡,手术病死率为7．7％（1／13）。本组病例手术并发症：急性坏死性胰腺炎1例,ARDS 1例,胸腔出血2例,截瘫、急性肾功能衰竭发生率各为7．7％。结论 分次主动脉阻断法行胸腹主动脉重建术降低了手术病死率及凶险并发症发生率,减少了脏器的缺血性损伤,是常温全身麻醉下行主动脉置换较为合理的方式。     

Simultaneous Open and Endoluminal Repair of Ruptured Abdominal and Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms: Report of a Case

A 66-year-old woman was transferred to our hospital for emergency treatment of a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and impending rupture of a descending thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) caused by a Stanford type-B dissection. She had severe coronary artery disease and a highly calcified aorta, and had been taking long-term steroids for rheumatoid arthritis. Endovascular repair of the TAA failed because the femoral artery was too small, so we performed simultaneous repair of the TAA and the AAA. A temporary axillofemoral bypass was constructed and the AAA was replaced with a bifurcated prosthetic graft. A thoracic stent graft was delivered successfully through a chimney graft of the abdominal graft. About 4 months later, the TAA extended proximally, causing hemoptysis, which was stopped by placing a new stent graft proximal to the previous one. This case report shows that a combination of open and endovascular repair is useful for treating a TAA with an AAA, especially in a small or frail patient.     

腔内修复术治疗Stanford B型胸主动脉夹层临床分析

目的 探讨腔内修复术治疗胸主动脉夹层的方法和疗效.方法 回顾性分析78例StanfordB型胸主动脉夹层的临床资料.术前均采用CT血管造影(CTA)或磁共振血管造影(MRA)对患者进行评估;在数字减影血管造影( DSA)的监控下经股动脉将带膜支架型人工血管置入胸主动脉内膜破口处,封闭夹层近端第一破口;术后即行DSA.于术后1,3,6个月及1年以后每隔1年行CTA随访,随访患者生存状况、内漏类型及残余夹层真假腔内径.结果 腔内修复后,术中造影发现Ⅰ型内漏6例,其中2例内漏在cuff植入后消失;2例近端内漏行球囊扩张后内漏消失;2例漏血少,假腔显影浅淡,未予处理;术后3个月发现1例内漏仍持续存在,但假腔直径未见增大.Ⅱ型内漏2例,因漏血少,未予处理.术后6个月发现其中自行封闭1例;另1例内漏仍存在,但假腔直径未见增大.78例患者中,术中封闭左锁骨下动脉者15例.其中2例出现左上肢窃血综合征,并伴有乏力症状;2例2年后出现脑梗死;1例6个月后出现Stanford A型夹层而行升主动脉置换术.其余患者无心、肺、肾功能衰竭及截瘫等严重并发症.结论 近期随访结果表明,腔内修复术治疗Stanford B型胸主动脉夹层安全、有效;内漏是该手术的主要并发症.     

经颈动脉腔内技术重建主动脉弓治疗Stanford A型夹层动脉瘤(附1例报告)

目的探讨血管腔内技术重建主动脉弓治疗升主动脉、主动脉弓病变的可行性。方法2005年,对1例StanfordA型夹层动脉瘤,腔内修复主动脉病变之前做右颈总动脉-左颈总动脉-左锁骨下动脉的旁路术;经右颈总动脉将修改的分叉支架型血管主体放入升主动脉,长臂位于无名动脉。短臂应用延长支架型血管延伸至降主动脉。通过腔内技术重建主动脉弓实现累及升主动脉和主动脉弓主动脉病变的微创治疗。结果腔内修复术后移植物形态良好,血流通畅,病变被隔绝,脑、躯干、四肢循环稳定。无严重并发症。结论该手术方案设计合理、技术可行。可能成为复杂胸主动脉病变新的腔内治疗模式。     

Spontaneous rupture of the ascending aorta

A case of spontaneous non-traumatic rupture of the thoracic aorta in a hypertensive patient is presented. The clinical findings suggested acute aortic dissection, and a large pericardial effusion was detected by echocardiography. The typical angiographic features of aortic dissection were not found. Autopsy revealed a longitudinal intimal tear and a rupture in the postero-lateral aspect of the ascending aorta. No false lumen was seen in the ascending aorta. When acute intrapericardial or intrapleural bleeding develops with no evidence of aortic aneurysm or dissection, spontaneous aortic rupture should be suspected.     

胸主动脉真性、假性和夹层动脉瘤行主动脉腔内修复术的临床和影像学研究

目的 总结胸主动脉真性、假性和夹层动脉瘤的术前诊断和腔内修复的要点,对术前、术后的主动脉CT血管造影(CTA)影像进行评估和比较,以探讨用统一的影像学指标在术前、术中、术后和随访中对病变演变和疗效进行系统评价和动态观察. 方法 48例胸主动脉瘤和夹层动脉瘤患者在术前CTA图象指导下行主动脉腔内修复术(EVR),植入覆膜支架,植入前、后做数字减影血管造影(DSA),术后定期多次做CTA随访评价疗效.所有CTA和DSA图象输入e-FilmTM软件中建立影像数据库,筛选关键层面,测量分析对比. 结果 48例共行EVR 49次,准确植入长、短支架54枚,夹层内膜破口封闭42例,胸主动脉真性动脉瘤完全隔绝2例,假性动脉瘤颈口封闭4例.术后发生不同程度的内漏9例,经相应的处理消除;因导入动脉出血抢救成功,但发生弥漫性血管内凝血、多器官功能衰竭死亡1例.随访47例,随访时间6～51个月.所有患者恢复良好,临床效果满意. 结论 EVR治疗胸降主动脉真、假性和夹层动脉瘤效果良好;夹层动脉瘤的早期诊断要点为胸痛和CTA扫描;CTA特定层面和左前斜位图象是术前评估和术后疗效评定的重要参考.     

Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm: Reading ttable he Enemy’s Playbook

Background The purpose of the present study was to use the clinical database at the Yale University Center for Thoracic Aortic Disease to shed light on the pathophysiology of thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA), the clinical behavior of thoracic aortic aneurysm, and the optimal clinical management. Materials and Methods The Yale database contains information on 3,000 patients with thoracic aortic aneurysm, with 9,000 patient-years of follow-up and 9,000 imaging studies. Advanced statistical techniques were applied to this information. Results Analysis provided the following observations: (1) TAA is a genetic disease with a predominantly autosomal dominant mode of inheritance, (2) matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) enzymes are activated in the pathogenesis of TAA, (3) wall tension in TAA approaches the tensile limits of aortic tissue at a diameter of 6 cm, (4) by the time a TAA reaches a clinical diameter of 6 cm, 34% of affected patients have suffered dissection or rupture, (5) extreme physical exertion or severe emotion often precipitate acute dissection, and (6) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are being identified which predispose a patient to TAA. Conclusions The “playbook” of TAA is gradually being read, with the help of scientific investigations, positioning practitioners to combat this lethal disease more effectively than ever before.     

Simultaneous Operations for Combined Thoracic and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

Purpose. To assess whether simultaneous operations are appropriate for combined thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysms.Methods. Simultaneous operations were performed for combined thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysms in nine patients. The thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) was repaired first, followed by repair of the abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Selective cerebral perfusion was used in eight patients, after the exception of one who underwent replacement of the ascending aorta under hypothermic circulatory arrest. The abdominal organs were perfused during distal anastomosis in surgery for Stanford type A aortic dissection or aortic arch aneurysm; via the femoral artery with an aortic balloon occlusion catheter in one patient, and via an occlusion catheter with a perfusion lumen in two patients.Results. All patients underwent planned simultaneous repair of the AAA. One of the patients who underwent simultaneous replacement of both the descending thoracic and abdominal aorta was left with paraplegia, and one patient died suddenly of massive hemoptysis and melena on the 29th postoperative day. Autopsy revealed that the bleeding had been caused by aorto-broncho-esophageal fistulae. The overall operative mortality was 11%.Conclusions. Simultaneous repair of combined TAA and AAA can be safely performed; however, the risk of paraplegia should be considered, especially with simultaneous repair of concomitant aneurysms of the descending thoracic and abdominal aorta.     

基质金属蛋白酶9在胸主动脉瘤和胸主动脉夹层中的表达

目的 观察基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-9在DebakeyI型胸主动脉夹层(TAD)和胸主动脉瘤(TAA)中的表达,探讨其在TAD和TAA中的作用.方法 苏木素-伊红(HE)染色、铁苏木素染色、TUNEL染色、免疫组织化学染色分别观察11例TAD和10例TAA的病理特征、弹力纤维断裂、管壁细胞凋亡、MMP-9在动脉管壁中的表达和定位,并分析MMP-9表达与各项临床参数的关系.结果 MMP-9在TAD和TAA中高表达(P<0.05),主要位于中外膜平滑肌细胞和炎性细胞,MMP-9表达与主动脉直径显著相关(P<0.05).结论 MMP-9在TAD和TAA中高表达,中外膜平滑肌细胞和炎性细胞是其主要表达细胞;MMP-9可能通过弹力板层的破坏来影响管壁重构过程.     

Aortic remodelling effect of the frozen elephant trunk technique on Stanford type A acute aortic dissection

Total arch replacement using the frozen elephant trunk procedure is performed for true lumen expansion of the descending aorta in patients with type A acute aortic dissection. However, the remodelling effect of the frozen elephant trunk on the dissected descending aorta is unclear. We aimed to evaluate the effect of the frozen elephant trunk on postoperative descending aortic remodelling after surgery. Between December 2012 and January 2020, we retrospectively investigated 24 patients who underwent total arch replacement using the frozen elephant trunk for type A acute aortic dissection. Remodelling of the descending aorta was evaluated using computed tomography. The aortic remodelling effect, based on aortic true lumen ratio, was determined for (i) DeBakey type (type I versus type III retrograde); (ii) thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair reintervention status (reintervention versus no reintervention); and (iii) stent length of the frozen elephant trunk (60 vs 90 mm). Postoperative true lumen ratio significantly increased in the type I dissection group. The true lumen ratio in the no-reintervention group, which had many patients with the type I dissection, significantly increased after the frozen elephant trunk. Aortic remodelling due to the frozen elephant trunk can be expected after type I acute aortic dissections.     

Endoluminal stent graft repair for acute and chronic type B aortic dissection and atherosclerotic aneurysm of the thoracic aorta: an interdisciplinary task

Objective: Endoluminal thoracic aortic stenting is a new therapeutic tool in reducing the operative trauma of the patient. However, the inherent risks of aortic stent grafting are perivascular leakage, stent dislocation, blunt rupture of the aorta, side branch occlusion and neurological sequelae. To reduce these risks, in our institution all stent implantations were performed in close collaboration with our fellow cardiologists under biplane X-ray control supported by simultaneous intravascular and transoesophageal ultrasound imaging. Methods: Between August 1999 and August 2001, endovascular stent graft repair was performed in 34 patients (27 male, seven female) with a mean age of 68.6±7 years (range 58–84). Indication for treatment was an acute Type B aortic dissection in six patients (18%), a symptomatic chronic Type B dissection in 12 patients (35%), a true aneurysm of the descending aorta in seven patients (21%) and an atherosclerotic contained rupture of the descending aorta in nine (26%) patients. Out of six acute type B dissections three patients (8.8%) and one patient (2.9%) out of the chronic dissection group were in severe haemorrhagic shock, ventilated and required high-dose adrenergic support. The others (30 patients, 88.3%) remained symptomatic despite maximum medical treatment. In a special case a combined surgical and endoluminal stent graft repair was performed. Individually manufactured Talent, Medtronic AVE (33), and Gore (1) stents were used. Follow-up examination was performed 1 week after implantation and repeated every 3 months (mean follow-up 8 months, range 1–24). Results: In all patients the aneurysm or the entry of the dissection could be excluded. The observed hospital mortality was 2.9% (one patient). No perivascular leakage, no stent dislocation, no neurological deficit or perfusion impairment was observed. All patients except four were extubated immediately after the procedure and discharged from hospital on postoperative day 2–3. The late procedure-related mortality was 5.8% (two patients) resulting in an overall mortality of 8.8% (three patients). Conclusion: Stent graft repair is a safe and feasible treatment option for selected patients, especially in emergency situations, if the aortic lesions can be clearly identified and localized. The use of biplane X-ray control combined with simultaneous intravascular and transoesophageal ultrasound imaging in an interdisciplinary approach enables a more precise targeting of the stent landing zone, resulting in low morbidity and mortality rates.     

选择性覆盖左锁骨下动脉在胸主动脉腔内修复术中的应用

目的:探讨胸主动脉腔内修复术中一期覆盖左锁骨下动脉(LSA)对预后的影响。方法:回顾分析2007年6月—2012年1月76例胸主动脉病变行胸主动脉腔内修复术患者的临床资料,包括主动脉夹层56例,壁间血肿6例,胸主动脉瘤5例,外伤性胸主动脉破裂9例。腔内修复术中一期覆盖LSA 32例,部分覆盖9例,保留35例。观察疗效和并发症发生情况。结果:围手术期死亡1例(1.3%),死于急性脑梗死。32例覆盖LSA的患者中,发生脑血管意外3例(9.4%),左锁骨下动脉窃血1例(3.1%),左上肢乏力4例(12.5%),并发症发生率为25.0%(8/32);9例部分覆盖LSA患者和35例LSA未覆盖患者中,发生脑血管意外各1例。随访3~40个月,死亡1例,I型内漏2例,均再次手术干预获得成功。结论:胸主动脉腔内修复术有选择性地一期覆盖左锁骨下动脉是可行的。     

Chronic aortic dissection not a risk factor for neurologic deficit in thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair.

OBJECTIVE: chronic aortic dissection has long been considered a risk factor for neurologic deficit following thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAA) surgery. We reviewed our experience with regard to aneurysm extent and the use of adjunct, (distal aortic perfusion/cerebrospinal fluid drainage), and examined the impact of these factors on neurologic deficit among chronic dissection and non-dissection cases. METHODS: between February 1991 and March 2001, we repaired 800 aneurysms of the descending thoracic and thoracoabdominal aorta. Seven hundred and twenty-nine cases were elective; 196 chronic dissection, 533 non-dissection. 182/729 (24.9%) were TAA extent II. Among these, 61/182 (33%) involved chronic dissection. Adjunct was used in 507/729 (69.6%). We conducted detailed multivariate analyses to isolate the impact of chronic aortic dissection on neurologic morbidity, with other important risk factors taken into account. RESULTS: overall, 32/729 (4.4%) patients had neurologic deficit upon awakening; 7/196 (3.6%) in chronic dissections, and 25/533 (4.7%) in non-dissections. Adjunct had a major effect, reducing neurologic deficit in TAA extent II from 10/36 (27.8%) to 10/146 (6.9%) (p=0.001). However, in univariate and multivariate analysis, chronic dissection did not increase the risk of neurologic deficit, regardless of extent or mode of treatment. CONCLUSION: in contrast to previous reports, we determined that chronic aortic dissection is not a risk factor in TAA patients.     

Natural history of thoracic aortic aneurysms: indications for surgery,and surgical versus nonsurgical risks

BACKGROUND: The natural history of thoracic aortic aneurysm is incompletely understood. Over the last 10 years, at Yale University we have maintained a large computerized database of patients with thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections. Analysis of this database has permitted insight into fundamental issues of natural behavior of the aorta and development of criteria for surgical intervention. METHODS: Specialized statistical methods were applied to the prospectively accumulated database of 1600 patients with thoracic aneurysm and dissection, which includes 3000 serial imaging studies and 3000 patient years of follow-up. RESULTS: Growth rate: the aneurysmal thoracic aorta grows at an average rate of 0.10 cm per year (0.07 for ascending and 0.19 for descending). Critical sizes: hinge points for natural complications of aortic aneurysm (rupture or dissection) were found at 6.0 cm for the ascending aorta and 7.0 cm for the descending. By the time a patient achieved these critical dimensions the likelihood of rupture or dissection was 31% for the ascending and 43% for the descending aorta. Yearly event rates: a patient with an aorta that has reached 6 cm maximal diameter faces the following yearly rates of devastating adverse events: rupture (3.6%), dissection (3.7%), death (10.8%), rupture, dissection, or death (14.1%). Surgical risks: risk of death from aortic surgery for thoracic aortic aneurysm was 2.5% for the ascending and arch and 8% for the descending and thoracoabdominal aorta. Genetic analysis: family pedigrees confirm that 21% of probands with thoracic aortic aneurysm have first-order family members with arterial aneurysm. CONCLUSIONS: In risk/benefit analysis the accumulated data strongly support a policy of preemptive surgical extirpation of the asymptomatic aneurysmal thoracic aorta to prevent rupture and dissection. We recommend intervention for the ascending aorta at 5.5 cm and for the descending aorta at 6.5 cm. For Marfan's disease or familial thoracic aortic aneurysm, we recommend earlier intervention at 5.0 cm for the ascending and 6.0 cm for the descending aorta. Symptomatic aneurysms must be resected regardless of size. Family members should be evaluated.     

胸主动脉瘤及主动脉夹层外科治疗进展

胸主动脉瘤及主动脉夹层病情凶险，死亡率和病残率均很高。近几年在保留和不保留主动脉瓣的主动脉根重建术治疗升主动脉瘤，弓部主动脉瘤切除与脑保护，胸主动脉瘤或胸腹主动脉瘤切除与脊髓保护，以及主动脉腔内支架移植术等方面取得了较大的进展。手术死亡率已从31．4％下降至3．3％－4．8％。胸主动脉瘤，特别是主动脉夹层系一全身性主动脉病变，近年来手术疗效有所改善，但远期复发率和再手术率仍较高。主动脉内支架移植与外科手术结合应用，对复杂的伴有降主动脉病变的A型主动脉夹层治疗，可能是一种安全而有效的方法。     

Thoracic aortic imaging without angiography.

Imaging of the thoracic aorta without recourse to angiography has great theoretic appeal. We have used computerized tomography (CT) in the initial evaluation of 297 patients with suspected mediastinal disease. Nineteen of this group had important findings related to the thoracic aorta: aortic dissection (six), descending thoracic aortic aneurysm (nine), suspected aortic trauma (three), and suspected false aneurysm at a coarctation repair (one). In all cases, the aorta and related pathology were readily demonstrated by CT, aided by the intravenous infusion of contrast material. In 13 of 15 cases, aortic dissection and aortic aneurysm could be accurately diagnosed. In two instances of ascending aortic dissection, it was not possible to distinguish the false lumen from mural thrombus in an atherosclerotic aneurysm.     

腔内支架人工血管治疗主动脉弓部动脉瘤

目的 探讨腔内支架人工血管治疗主动脉弓部动脉瘤的基本方法。方法 采用国产腔内支架人工血管治疗主动脉弓部动脉瘤患者46例,其中主动脉瘤累及主动脉弓中部23例(50％),单纯累及弓降部22例(48％),累及胸降主动脉1例(2％)。选择支架直径是夹层破裂口或瘤口近端相应部位主动脉直径宽的1．15～1．20倍。支架近端直径34～38mm,长度90～120mm。支架材料为国产形状记忆镍钛合金。结果 支架释放成功45例(98％),无远端动脉并发症发生。支架释放后即刻封闭瘤口或破裂口43例(96％),早期内漏2例(4％)。夹层真腔全部恢复正常。急性期患者中转手术1例,死亡2例。术后43例患者获随访,随访时间1～23个月,远期内漏3例(7％),但所有随访患者均恢复正常生活。结论 腔内支架人工血管可用于主动脉弓部动脉瘤的治疗,其治疗的长期效果还需进一步观察。