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咽异常感或称咽感觉异常,是临床上经常遇到的症状。可能为一些器质性病变所引起,但多数为非器质性者,以30岁~40岁女性多见。患者自觉咽或咽喉部有异物、贴树叶、虫爬、瘙痒及痰粘着感,或呈小球样在咽部上下活动。因此,经常习惯性做空吞咽、清嗓、深吸气等动作。本文对2000年以来,我科门诊就诊的156例咽异常感患者进行诊治,并初步分析咽异常感与咽周围病变的关系。现报告如下。 相似文献
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早期食管癌及其癌前病变食管黏膜切除术 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
目的探讨透明帽法食管黏膜切除术治疗早期食管癌及食管鳞状上皮重度不典型增生的意义。方法应用透明帽法对53例早期食管癌和74例食管鳞状上皮重度不典型增生行食管黏膜切除。应用氩离子凝固术(APC)治疗残留及复发病灶。术后第1、4及12个月进行内镜复查。结果(1)在内镜下应用透明帽法共对127例患者进行局部黏膜切除,共切除病灶150块。切除标本每块大小平均为(2.7±4.3)mm×(18.0±3.40)mm。(2)本组术后5例出血,其中1例动脉出血,4例渗血。应用内镜压迫、肾上腺素盐水注射及氩离子凝固术治疗均成功止血;127例无一例食管穿孔发生;术后4例发生狭窄,术后一个月应用水囊扩张,每一个月扩张一次,连续扩张3~4次,狭窄均缓解,进食无明显不适感。(3)96例(75.6%)患者的食管黏膜病变被完全切除,其余病例有不同程度的残留,应用氩离子凝固术治疗残留病变。术后4个月内镜复查,病理证实3例早期癌,2例重度不典型增生局部复发。随访时间52.2个月,无明显不适感。结论应用透明帽法食管黏膜切除术可简便、安全、有效地治愈早期食管癌及癌前病变,有较好的应用前景。 相似文献
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<正> 咽感异常是临床常见病、多发病。中医称之为“梅核气”。患者常诉有:草梗、蚁行、刺或球等异物感,常被诊断为神经官能症之一。但临床上发现并非都是如此,可由多种原因引起,其常。现就临床诊断与治疗的体会报道如下。1 临床资料1.1 一般资料 66例中男29例,女37例;30岁以下2例,31~40岁11例,41~50岁28例,51~60岁21例。病程为3个月~2.5年。1.2 临床表现和颈椎摄片检查 66例因诉咽部有异物梗塞或刺样或蚁行等异物感就诊。其中7例伴有咽癌,2例发音受限。追问病史都有颈侧、项背部痛胀感或有落枕史。发作时颈项部疼痛明显,36例有颈椎病史。检查咽部无明显阳性体征。颈项多有压痛及小关节弹响,按压大杼穴位症状可缓解。全部患者均摄颈椎正侧位片或CT检查,其中59例有骨质增生,以C_(5~7)为著,椎间盘退变、椎间隙狭窄6例,椎间孔 相似文献
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目的:探讨内镜下碘染色技术在诊断早期食管癌及癌前病变的临床应用价值。方法:对门诊接受内镜检查时发现食管黏膜有可疑病变者进行碘染色检查,记录碘染不良病灶的部位、大小、形态和边界等,并行多点活检,然后将食管鳞状上皮的着色情况与其对应的病理检查结果进行对比分析。结果:478例染色前发现食管可疑病变532个,染色后405例出现不染及淡染区586个,约1/3的患者可见2个以上不染或淡染区。中度不典型增生以上者168例,占28.7%。结论:内镜下碘染色技术可提高早期食管癌及癌前病变的检诊率。 相似文献
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食管癌高发区人群食管癌前病变癌基因EGFR,C—Jun和Ras蛋… 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
为进一步了解食管癌前病变发生的分子基础,采用免疫组织化学技术测定人食管正常上皮和癌前病变组织中表皮生长因子受体EGFR,C-Jun和Ras三种癌基因蛋白的表达状况。结果:在54例食管粘膜活检组织中,共发现12例正常上皮,34例基底细胞增生和8间变。在29例EGFR测定中,正常组织未见免疫阳性反应,而基底细胞增生和间变分别出现39%和80%的免疫阳性反应率。在所有活检正常和癌前病变组织中未观察到C- 相似文献
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目的 探讨食管内翻拨脱胃咽吻合治疗下咽高颈段食管癌的护理。方法 对收治的15例病人采用术前心理护理。营养支持,加强口腔及呼吸道准备,术后密切观察颈部切口变化。训练病人吞咽协调性,早期下床。结果 15例病人(其中肺功能中,重度损害8例)均顺利康复,2例吻合口瘘病人在一月内愈合。结论 清除病人紧张取得病人配合,加强营养和口腔护理,训练病人吞咽和早期下床活动是护理关键。 相似文献
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目的 研究与分析放大内镜在内镜下黏膜剥离术(ESD)治疗食管早期癌及癌前病变中的作用。方法选取2020年1月—2022年7月我院收治的明确诊断为食管癌的患者为观察对象,研究者为其一级亲属40岁以上经普通内镜发现食管异常病灶同时行放大内镜检查者。据疑病处食管黏膜上皮乳头内毛细血管袢(IPCL)变化,判断病变性质估计侵犯深度。疑早期食管癌及癌前病变者行ESD治疗,疑进展期食管癌者行外科手术治疗,送整体标本病理检查。结果 食管癌一级亲属40岁以上患者经普通内镜发现食管异常病灶同时行放大内镜检查者共128例,其中行ESD和外科手术取得整体病理标本102例。对比放大胃镜术前判断和术后整体病理标本,判断性质方面放大内镜对食管早期病变诊断的总体准确率为87.3%,诊断食管早期鳞癌的灵敏度为97.8%,特异度为15.4%,阳性预测值88.8%,阴性预测值50%。判断浸润层次方面,放大内镜对食管早期鳞癌深度诊断的总体准确率为69%,B1型血管对浸润深度正确诊断率为90.6%,灵敏度为70.6%,B2型血管对浸润深度正确诊断为32.2%,灵敏度为76.9%,B3型血管对浸润深度正确诊断为66.7%,灵敏度... 相似文献
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目的 探讨以咽喉部异物感为主诉的鼻后滴流综合征的临床特征。方法 对65例以咽喉部异物感为主诉的鼻后滴流综合征的临床资料进行分析。结果 90.8%患者有鼻窦炎,仅一组鼻窦部病变占32.2%,67.8%的患者为2组以上鼻窦部病变,35.6%单侧鼻窦部异常,双侧鼻窦部异常占64.4%,57.6%的患者有鼻窦腔积液,鼻窦腔黏膜增厚占42.4%,20.3%的患者有鼻息肉,69.2%患者表现为频繁清喉或鼻吸后咯痰,有轻微咳嗽症状患者为26.2%,能咯出少许痰的患者仅占18.5%,有打喷嚏症状者占30.8%,16.9%患者有鼻塞症状,35.4%有流涕,27.7%为少许脓涕,6.2%有胸闷,9.2%有头痛,38.5%的患者有明确的鼻后滴流症状,36.9%的患者咽后壁有淋巴滤泡增生,32.3%有鹅卵石样改变,23.1%的患者咽部充血。96.9%的患者经鼻喷激素、口服复方盐酸伪麻黄碱及大环内酯类抗生素治疗有效。结论 咽喉部异物感或咽喉部有痰为鼻后滴流综合征的特殊临床表现,多数是由鼻窦炎和过敏性鼻炎所致,在临床上容易引起误诊,提高对鼻后滴流综合征的认识和诊断,经规范治疗可以取得满意的疗效。 相似文献
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目的 观察舒必利治疗咽异物症的疗效。方法 治疗组在常规治疗基础上,加用舒必利治疗,舒必利剂量200—400mg/日。结果 治疗组治愈率(75.2%)和总有效率(89.0%)均高于对照组(38.9%,68.5%),并有显著性差异,且治疗组在SCL—90、HAMA、HAMD的治疗前后评分方面有显著性差异。两组治疗的副作用轻微,仅治疗组少数病例用药后出现失眠、皮疹、月经不调等。结论 在常规咽侧索封闭治疗的基础上,联用舒必利治疗咽异物症安全有效,值得临床推广。 相似文献
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应用图像分析技术对10例正常乳腺组织、30例乳腺不典型增生及30例乳腺导管癌进行细胞核的形态学计量研究,检测5项核参数,即面积、周长、长短轴比、直径和圆度。结果表明:不典型增生Ⅱ级。不典型增生Ⅲ级与乳腺导管癌Ⅰ级组间无显著性差异(P>0.05);其他各组间有显著的及非常显著的差异性(P<0.05,P<0.01)。因此不典型增生Ⅲ级是真正的癌前病变,与乳腺癌的发生有着直接的关系,但Ⅱ级不典型增生亦不容忽视。 相似文献
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目的 探讨色素内镜对早期胃癌及癌前病变的诊断价值.方法 将2010年1月至2011年12月该院消化内科门诊及住院患者194例,根据不同内镜检查分为实验组和对照组,104例行亚甲蓝色素内镜检查的为实验组,对照组90例行普通胃镜检查,比较亚甲蓝色素内镜和普通内镜的早期胃癌及癌前病变的检出率.结果 实验组腺上皮肠化、不典型增生及腺癌检出率明显高于对照组(P<0.05);而腺上皮增生和腺瘤检出率两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 亚甲蓝色素内镜对早期胃癌及癌前病变的检出率更高,有助于早期胃癌及癌前病变的发现及诊断,具有方法简单、安全、实用的特点. 相似文献
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Narrow-band imaging in the diagnosis of early esophageal cancer and precancerous lesions 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Background In the recent years, the incidence of esophageal cancer in China has increased. The key point for raising the survival rate is the diagnosis and treatment at an early stage. Narrow-band imaging (NBI) can enhance the contrast of the mucous membrane of the esophagus without staining. This study aimed to explore the value of NBI in the diagnosis of early esophageal cancer and precancerous lesions.
Methods The esophagus was examined with ordinary endoscopy and NBI endoscopy. Pit patterns and blood capillary forms were examined with routine magnifying endoscopy and NBI endoscopy. Finally, a 1.2% Lugoul's iodine solution was used to stain the esophageal mucosal surface and a biopsy was taken at all the sites where NBI or iodine staining was positive. NBI and iodine staining scales were compared with pathologic diagnosis, which was considered as the gold standard.
Results A total of 90 cases (138 lesions in total) were diagnosed as early esophageal cancer or precancerous lesions; 104 lesions (75.4%) were detected with ordinary endoscopy, 120 lesions (87.0%) were detected with NBI endoscopy, and 138 lesions (100%) were detected with iodine staining. The lesion detection rate of NBI was significantly lower than that of iodine staining (X2=17.176, P 〈0.01). However, there was no significant difference between NBI and iodine staining for the diagnosis of high grade intraepithelial neoplasia (X2=1.362, P 〉0.05), while the detection rate of NBI was significantly lower than that of iodine staining for the diagnosis of low grade intraepithelial neoplasia (X2=13.388, P 〈0.01). The pit pattern and blood capillary form of early esophageal cancer and precancerous lesions could be demonstrated clearer with NBI than with ordinary endoscopy.
Conclusions NBI can enhance the contrast of the mucous membrane of the esophagus without staining. The combination of NBI and iodine staining can raise the diagnostic rate of early esophageal cancer and precancerous lesions. 相似文献
Methods The esophagus was examined with ordinary endoscopy and NBI endoscopy. Pit patterns and blood capillary forms were examined with routine magnifying endoscopy and NBI endoscopy. Finally, a 1.2% Lugoul's iodine solution was used to stain the esophageal mucosal surface and a biopsy was taken at all the sites where NBI or iodine staining was positive. NBI and iodine staining scales were compared with pathologic diagnosis, which was considered as the gold standard.
Results A total of 90 cases (138 lesions in total) were diagnosed as early esophageal cancer or precancerous lesions; 104 lesions (75.4%) were detected with ordinary endoscopy, 120 lesions (87.0%) were detected with NBI endoscopy, and 138 lesions (100%) were detected with iodine staining. The lesion detection rate of NBI was significantly lower than that of iodine staining (X2=17.176, P 〈0.01). However, there was no significant difference between NBI and iodine staining for the diagnosis of high grade intraepithelial neoplasia (X2=1.362, P 〉0.05), while the detection rate of NBI was significantly lower than that of iodine staining for the diagnosis of low grade intraepithelial neoplasia (X2=13.388, P 〈0.01). The pit pattern and blood capillary form of early esophageal cancer and precancerous lesions could be demonstrated clearer with NBI than with ordinary endoscopy.
Conclusions NBI can enhance the contrast of the mucous membrane of the esophagus without staining. The combination of NBI and iodine staining can raise the diagnostic rate of early esophageal cancer and precancerous lesions. 相似文献
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Ⅱ_b型肠化生MG_7-Ag表达阳性率显著地高于其它型肠化生(P<0.05);伴异型增生的Ⅱ_b型肠化生MG_7-Ag阳性率、DNA非整倍体检出率、S及G_2+M期细胞比率又显著高于Ⅱ_b型肠化生(P<0.05,P<0.01),前者可能有高度恶变倾向。结果支持由萎缩性胃炎,Ⅱ_b型肠化生,异型增生到胃癌的系列演变过程。 相似文献
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回顾性分析97例在白光内镜下疑诊为早期食管鳞癌或癌前病变的患者,进行窄带谱成像放大内镜(NBI-ME)检查,行靶向活检,最终经内镜下切除或者手术切除确定病灶性质。分析病变的 NBI-ME 的形态特点,并与活检病理、内镜切除或手术切除标本病理进行对照。在97例患者中最终确诊为鳞癌35例,高级别上皮内瘤变62例。NBI-ME 诊断为鳞癌或高级别上皮内瘤变的有95例,诊断准确性达97.9%。经过靶向活检,有10例原诊断为低级别上皮内瘤变或炎症的患者被诊断为鳞癌或高级别上皮内瘤变,准确性提高52.6%。而根据乳头内毛细血管袢的形态,对肿瘤浸润深度判断的准确性达到81.4%。 相似文献
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目的探讨放大内镜在早期食管癌及其癌前病变诊断中的临床应用价值。方法常规应用普通内镜检查,发现可疑病变后,通过手动变焦放大内镜对可疑病变部位的上皮乳头内毛细血管袢(IPCL)进行形态学观察,同时进行IPCL形态分型。在可疑部位的多个点取病理活检,以病理诊断结果为标准,将普通内镜病变类型与放大内镜IPCL形态分型进行对比分析。结果早期食管癌IPCL形态异常,分型均为Ⅳ型(100%),食管上皮中度异型增生的IPCL形态以Ⅱ、Ⅲ型为主87.5%,轻度异型增生的IPCL形态以Ⅱ型为主77.78%,食管炎患者的IPCL形态以Ⅱ型为主91.66%。IPCL形态异常愈明显、其细胞异型愈严重。结论放大内镜IPCL形态学分型对于早期食管癌及其癌前病变的诊断与病理检查结果有较高符合率,优于普通内镜检查。放大内镜IPCL形态学分型有助于提高早期食管癌及其癌前病变诊断的准确率。 相似文献