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1.
Repeated quantitative perfusion and contrast permeability measurement in the MRI examination of a CNS tumor 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Vonken EP van Osch MJ Willems PW van der Zwan A Bakker CJ Viergever MA Mali WP 《European radiology》2000,10(9):1447-1451
This study reports on the results of quantitative MRI perfusion and contrast permeability measurement on two occasions in
one patient. The measurements were separated 81 days in time. The tumor grew considerably in this period, but no change was
found with respect to perfusion and contrast permeability. Non-involved white matter values were reproduced to demonstrate
repeatability. The presented approach to dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI allows fast and repeatable quantitative assessment
of perfusion and is easily integrated in a conventional brain tumor protocol.
Received: 25 January 2000; Accepted: 28 January 2000 相似文献
2.
The role of MR imaging in invasive cervical carcinoma 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
In this article the role of MR imaging in the management of cervical cancer is reviewed and illustrated. The appearance of
the normal uterine cervix and of cervical carcinoma is shown. Important factors for optimal MR imaging of cervical carcinoma
are reviewed. The value of MR imaging in the staging of cervical carcinoma is illustrated by showing parametrial invasion
and lymph node involvement. Finally, the value of MR imaging staging is compared with clinical staging, CT staging, and surgical
findings. The role of new imaging techniques, such as fast dynamic enhanced MR imaging, is described.
Received: 12 April 1999; Revised: 13 July 1999; Accepted: 14 July 1999 相似文献
3.
E. Cauchy E. Chetaille M. Lefevre E. Kerelou B. Marsigny 《European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging》2000,27(5):497-502
We performed a retrospective study of the results of two-phase technetium-99m hydroxymethylene diphosphonate bone scans in
88 patients with severe frostbite of the extremities. All patients were evaluated within 48 h after rewarming and all underwent
a first bone scan (BS1) within 5 days after rewarming (median, day 2) (group 1). An excellent correlation was found between
absence of tracer uptake in the phalanges and later amputation; this correlation was especially strong during the bone phase
of the scans (specificity = 0.99, sensitivity = 0.96, positive predictive value = 0.92). Normal or high uptake in the phalanges
was a reliable indicator of ultimate healing (negative predictive value = 0.99). The sensitivity of the examination was enhanced
by performing a second scan (BS2) more than 5 days (median, day 8) after rewarming (group 2, n=36). A comparative analysis of BS1 and BS2 demonstrated that some of the lesions continued to evolve between day 2 and day
8. This suggests that the lesions could still be modified during this period. On the basis of the findings it is recommended
that bone scan be performed close to day 2 in all patients who present with lesions extending proximally to include the entirety
of one or more phalanges. In the case of severe sepsis, the results of the first bone scan, BS1, can serve as an indication
for emergency amputation. BS2 should be performed close to day 8 only if there is an area of low or absent uptake on BS1.
It is concluded that scintigraphy is an excellent means of evaluating patients with severe frostbite of the extremities: as
early as day 2 after the injury it can indicate whether amputation is necessary, and between days 2 and 8 it provides valuable
information on the efficacy of treatment.
Received 16 September and in revised form 27 December 1999 相似文献
4.
Interventional MRI of the breast: minimally invasive therapy 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Hall-Craggs MA 《European radiology》2000,10(1):59-62
In recent years a variety of minimally invasive therapies have been applied to the treatment of breast lesions. These therapies
include thermal treatments (interstitial laser coagulation, focused ultrasound, radiofrequency and cryotherapy), percutaneous
excision, and interstitial radiotherapy. Magnetic resonance has been used in these treatments to visualize lesions before,
during and after therapy and to guide interventions. “Temperature-sensitive” sequences have shown changes with thermal ablation
which broadly correlate with areas of tumour necrosis. Consequently, MR has the potential to monitor treatment at the time
of therapy. To date, experience in the treatment of breast cancer has been restricted to small studies. Large controlled studies
are required to validate the efficacy and safety of these therapies in malignant disease. 相似文献
5.
Mortelé B Lemmerling M Mortelé K Verstraete K Defreyne L Kunnen M Vandekerckhove T 《European radiology》2000,10(6):967-969
A case of cervical chordoma in a 36-year-old white man with hypoesthesia in the neck and right shoulder, neck pain, and restricted
neck mobility is presented. Plain radiographs of the cervical spine showed radiolucency of the body of C2 on the right side
and enlargement of the right intervertebral foramen at C2–C3 level. Tumor encasement of the vertebral artery was demonstrated
by MR imaging and confirmed by conventional arteriography. This proved to be particularly important for preoperative assessment.
Received: 8 February 1999; Revised: 26 October 1999; Accepted: 18 November 1999 相似文献
6.
Two cases of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) are presented with emphasis on MR appearances. One case is the diffuse
type of XGP secondary to chronic obstruction caused by transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis. The other case is
the focal or “tumefactive” type of XGP which mimics renal cell carcinoma.
Received: 15 February 1999; Revised: 14 June 1999; Accepted: 8 July 1999 相似文献
7.
Gregory I. Bain M.B. B.S. F.R.A.C.S. John D. Bennett M.D. C.M. F.R.C.P.C. Robert S. Richards M.D. F.R.C.S.C. Gavin P. Slethaug M.D. Dr. James H. Roth M.D. F.R.C.S.C. F.A.C.S. 《Skeletal radiology》1995,24(4):271-273
Computed tomography is increasingly utilized for the evaluation of scaphoid fracture, nonunion, and deformity. We have developed a new technique of positioning patients while performing longitudinal computed tomography of the scaphoid. With the wrist positioned in radial deviation and neutral flexion, greater patient comfort is provided and immobilization of the wrist is not required. A reproducible image can be obtained with attention to the alignment of the scanning plane to the longitudinal axis of the scaphoid on the scout image, and verified with the target sign. High resolution images, which clearly demonstrate the abnormalities of the scaphoid, can be produced even if the patient has a cast on the wrist or if there is hardware in situ. 相似文献
8.
Vázquez-Barquero A Abascal F García-Valtuille R Pinto JI Figols FJ Cerezal L 《European radiology》2000,10(10):1602-1605
An uncommon case of chronic nontraumatic spinal epidural hematoma of the lumbar spine in a 75-year-old woman is reported.
The patient presented with a 7-month history of low back pain and bilateral sciatica. Magnetic resonance imaging enabled a
correct preoperative diagnosis revealing a nodular, well-circumscribed epidural mass with peripheral enhancement and signal
intensities consistent with chronic hematoma, which extended from L2 to L3. Laminectomy of L2–L3 was performed and the hematoma
was totally resected. Histological examination of the surgical specimen demonstrated a chronic encapsulated hematoma. No evidence
of vascular malformation was found. The patient recovered fully after surgical treatment.
Received: 23 August 1999; Revised: 13 January 2000; Accepted: 4 February 2000 相似文献
9.
Mediastinal myelolipoma: CT and MRI appearances 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kawanami S Watanabe H Aoki T Nakata H Hayashi T Kido M Tsukada J Eto S 《European radiology》2000,10(4):691-693
A 72-year-old man presented with a mediastinal mass on chest radiograph. Computed tomography and MR imaging showed that the
mass consisted of both fatty and small nodular soft tissue components, highly suggestive of an extramedullary hematopoiesis
or a myelolipoma. A CT-guided needle biopsy was next performed and confirmed the diagnosis. We discuss the CT and MR imaging
appearances of this tumor and usefulness of a CT-guided needle biopsy to avoid surgery in asymptomatic patients.
Received: 8 March 1999; Revised: 23 June 1999; Accepted: 25 June 1999 相似文献
10.
Magnetic resonance imaging in the assessment of urologic disease: an all-in-one approach 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Verswijvel GA Oyen RH Van Poppel HP Goethuys H Maes B Vaninbrouckx J Bosmans H Marchal G 《European radiology》2000,10(10):1614-1619
The aim of this study was to evaluate an “all-in-one” MR procedure to examine the kidneys, the renal vascular supply and
renal perfusion, and the urinary tract. In 64 patients (58 with urologic disease and 6 healthy volunteers), MR was performed
including: (a) T1- and T2-weighted imaging; (b) 3D contrast-enhanced MR angiography (MRA), including the renal arteries, renal
veins, as well as renal perfusion; and (c) 3D contrast-enhanced MR urography (MRU) in the coronal and sagittal plane. For
the latter, low- and high-resolution images were compared. Prior to gadolinium injection, 0.1 mg/kg body weight of furosemide
was administered intravenously. The results were compared with correlative imaging modalities (ultrasonography, intravenous
urography, CT), ureterorenoscopy and/or surgical–pathologic findings. Visualization of the renal parenchyma, the vascular
supply, and the collecting system was adequate in all cases, both in nondilated and in dilated systems and irrespective of
the renal function. One infiltrating urothelial cancer was missed; there was one false-positive urothelial malignancy. Different
MR techniques can be combined to establish an all-in-one imaging modality in the assessment of diseases which affect the kidneys
and urinary tracts. Continuous refinement of the applied MR techniques and further improvements in spatial resolution is needed
to expand the actual imaging possibilities and to create new tracts and challenges in the MR evaluation of urologic disease.
Received: 27 September 1999; Revised: 20 January 2000; Accepted: 22 May 2000 相似文献
11.
MRI of breast tumors 总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18
Kuhl CK 《European radiology》2000,10(1):46-58
Breast MRI is increasingly used as an adjunct to conventional imaging modalities, particularly in diagnostic problem cases,
but also for pre-operative staging. It is an extremely sensitive technique, with relatively limited specificity. To avoid
both, false-positive, but particularly false-negative diagnoses, it is imperative to be familiar with the varying MRI appearance
of benign and malignant breast tumors. This review serves to give an overview of the different criteria that can be used for
differential diagnostic purposes. Moreover, practical guidelines are given to help with the adequate management of enhancing
lesions. 相似文献
12.
Vanrietvelde F Lemmerling M Mespreuve M Crevits L De Reuck J Kunnen M 《European radiology》2000,10(4):576-578
The clinical, biochemical and magnetic resonance imaging findings of two patients with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis are
reported. This is a rare hereditary disease. Early recognition of this entity is important in view of the existing treatment
possibilities. Magnetic resonance imaging findings typically include a bilateral and almost symmetrical increase of the signal
intensity on the T2-weighted images in the cerebellar and periventricular cerebral white matter, the basal ganglia, the dentate
nuclei and the brainstem as well as cerebellar and cerebral atrophy.
Received: 18 January 1999; Revised: 3 June 1999; Accepted: 7 June 1999 相似文献
13.
The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy in quantifying right and left ventricular volumes using a 1.0-T system
and commercially available, standard equipment. For exact comparison of MRI measurements and real volumes we used an animal
heart model ex vivo. Eight pig hearts were explanted and prepared by removal of the atria. Aorta and pulmonary truncus were
cannulated. Definable volumes were injected into the ventricles. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed at 1.0 T (Gyroscan
T10 NT, Philips, Eindhoven, The Netherlands); sequence: fast field echo–echo planar (multishot EPI); body coil; MR software:
Cardiac Application Package (Philips). Statistical analysis correlated the real volumes and MR measurements separately for
both ventricles and two investigators (SAS, ANOVA). For both ventricles and both investigators the correlation between real
volumes and MR measurements was greater than 0.99. There was no significant systematic false estimation for both ventricles.
Magnetic resonance imaging at 1.0 T using standard hardware and software equipment enables the quantification of right and
left ventricular volumes with high approximation to the real volumes in vitro. There is a clear restriction in translating
these data into a clinical application because under experimental conditions no motion-induced artifacts existed.
Received: 22 July 1999; Accepted: 27 August 1999 相似文献
14.
Weishaupt D Hetzer FH Ruehm SG Patak MA Schmidt M Debatin JF 《European radiology》2000,10(12):1958-1964
The aim of this study was to compare the performance of 3D MRI in conjunction with an intravascular contrast agent to spiral
contrast-enhanced CT, regarding the detection of abdominal parenchymal injuries as well as peritoneal hemorrhage in an animal
model. Liver and kidney injuries were created surgically in six female pigs under general anesthesia. All pigs underwent contrast-enhanced
spiral CT and 3D MR imaging following administration of an intravascular contrast agent (NC100150 Injection). Two readers
rated their confidence independently on MR and CT data sets using a five-point scale for the presence of organ injury and
hemoperitoneum. Autopsy findings served as standard of reference. Sensitivity and specificity for MR in detecting hepatic
and renal injuries as well as hemoperitoneum was 100 %. Computed tomography was less accurate with sensitivity and specificity
values of 90 and 94 %, respectively. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis revealed a higher confidence when interpretation
was based on MR images. In an animal model 3D MR imaging in conjunction with an intravascular contrast agent proved highly
accurate in detecting and localizing parenchymal injuries to the upper abdomen as well as in detecting intraperitoneal blood
collections.
Received: 4 November 1999, Revised: 5 May 2000, Accepted: 9 May 2000 相似文献
15.
MRI in the diagnosis of small bowel disease: use of positive and negative oral contrast media in combination with enteroclysis 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
Rieber A Aschoff A Nüssle K Wruk D Tomczak R Reinshagen M Adler G Brambs HJ 《European radiology》2000,10(9):1377-1382
The aim of the study was to evaluate the additional findings of MRI following small bowel enteroclysis and to compare the
efficacy of negative and positive intraluminal contrast agents. Fifty patients with inflammatory or tumorous small bowel disease
were investigated by small bowel enteroclysis and consecutive MRI using breathhold protocol (T1-weighted fast low-angle shot,
T2-weighted turbo spin echo). Patients were randomly assigned to either receiving a positive oral (Magnevist, Schering, Berlin,
Germany) or a negative oral MR contrast media (Abdoscan, Nycomed, Oslo, Norway). The pattern of contrast distribution, the
contrast effect, presence of artifacts, as well as bowel wall and extraluminal changes, were determined and compared between
the contrast type using Fischer's exact test. Sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy for MRI and enteroclysis were
calculated. Twenty-seven patients had clinically proven Crohn's disease and two patients surgically proven small bowel tumours.
Magnetic resonance imaging had important additional findings as abscesses and fistulae in 20 patients. Surgically compared
sensitivities were 100 and 0 % for MRI and enteroclysis, for the detection of abscesses, and 83.3 and 17 % for the diagnosis
of fistulae, respectively. Bowel wall thickening was more reliably detected with use of positive oral contrast media without
intravenous enhancement (p < 0.001), whereas postcontrast negative oral contrast media allow for a superior detection (p < 0.001). T2-weighted sequences were necessary with use of negative oral contrast media, because loop abscesses may be masked.
Magnetic resonance imaging should be performed in all patients with suspicion of extraintestinal complications, because the
complications are more reliably detected by MRI. Negative oral contrast media show advantages with the use of intravenous
contrast but can mask loop abscesses using only T1-weighted imaging.
Received: 5 March 1999; Revised: 21 September 1999; Accepted: 3 February 2000 相似文献
16.
Two-dimensional thick-slice MR digital subtraction angiography for assessment of cerebrovascular occlusive diseases 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Aoki S Yoshikawa T Hori M Ishigame K Nambu A Kumagai H Araki T 《European radiology》2000,10(12):1858-1864
Although spatial resolution of current MR angiography is excellent, temporal resolution has remained unsatisfactory. We evaluated
clinical applicability of 2D thick-slice, contrast-enhanced subtraction MR angiography (2D-MR digital subtraction angiography)
with sub-second temporal resolution in cerebrovascular occlusive diseases. Twenty-five patients with cerebrovascular occlusive
diseases (8 moyamoya diseases, 10 proximal internal carotid occlusions, and 2 sinus thromboses ) were studied with a 1.5-T
MR unit. The MR digital subtraction angiography (MRDSA) was performed per 0.97 s continuously just after a bolus injection
of 15 ml of gadolinium chelates up to 40 s in sagittal (covering hemisphere) or coronal planes. Subtraction images were generated
at a workstation. We evaluated imaging quality and hemodynamic information of MRDSA in comparison with those of routine MR
imaging, non-contrast MR angiography, and X-ray intra-arterial DSA. Major cerebral arteries, all of the venous sinuses, and
most tributaries were clearly visualized with 2D MRDSA. Also, pure arterial phases were obtained in all cases. The MRDSA technique
demonstrated prolonged circulation in sinus thromboses, distal patent lumen of proximal occlusion, and some collateral circulation.
Such hemodynamic information was comparable to that of intra-arterial DSA. Two-dimensional thick-slice MRDSA with high temporal
resolution has a unique ability to demonstrate cerebral hemodynamics equivalent to that of intra-arterial DSA and may play
an important role for evaluation of cerebrovascular occlusive diseases.
Received: 16 November 1999; Revised: 27 June 2000; Accepted: 29 June 2000 相似文献
17.
MR imaging findings in granular cell tumor of the neurohypophysis: a difficult preoperative diagnosis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Granular cell tumor is a rare neoplasm arising within the neurohypophysis. We describe the MR imaging findings in two symptomatic
patients. In one patient with history of panhypopituitarism, MR images showed a large sellar and suprasellar mass. The other
patient presented with acute loss of vision in her left eye, and MR images showed a suprasellar mass with compression of the
optic chiasm.
Received: 18 November 1999; Revised: 5 April 2000; Accepted: 10 April 2000 相似文献
18.
Magnetic resonance urography: initial experience of a low-dose Gd-DTPA-enhanced technique 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance urography (MRU) is a promising tool in the evaluation of the renal collecting system,
but it can be limited by T2* effects resulting from hyperconcentrated gadolinium chelates. The aim of this study was to evaluate a low-dose dimeglumine
gadopentetate (Gd-DTPA) MRU technique consisting of a dynamic fast low-angle-shot (FLASH) 2D sequence and a static fast imaging
in steady state precession (FISP) 3D sequence for depicting the kidneys and urinary tract. The Gd-DTPA dose (0.01 mmol/kg)
was established experimentally in a healthy volunteer study. Ninety-one patients presenting with various renal disorders were
examined with a low-dose Gd-DTPA MRU and a T2-weighted turbo spin echo (TSE) MRU technique on a 1.5-T system. Image quality
and diagnostic value were considered at least satisfactory in 98.9 % of the FLASH 2D studies, 83.5 % of the FISP 3D studies
and 78.5 % of the TSE T2-weighted studies. Typical enhancement patterns were established for the renal cell carcinoma and
transitional cell carcinoma. The major limitations were motion artefacts and insufficient hydration of the patients. Low-dose
Gd-DTPA MRU appears to be a useful technique in the evaluation of the kidneys and urinary tract, especially in cases of renal
tumours.
Received: 26 February 1998; Revised: 25 January 1999; Accepted: 14 June 1999 相似文献
19.
We report a case of angiomyolipoma of the liver with emphasis on the appearance at MRI after administration of ferumoxides.
Post-contrast T1- and T2-weighted images showed a frank decrease of signal intensity in a rim on the margin of the tumor.
This unusual finding was related to the presence of an increased number of CD68-positive histiocytic cells in the periphery
of the lesion and in the adjacent liver parenchyma.
Received: 13 September 1999; Revised: 2 February 2000; Accepted: 3 February 2000 相似文献
20.
G. A. Hottya F. O. Häckl N. G. Iwasko E. Weber D. White L. S. Steinbach C. G. Peterfy H. K. Genant 《Emergency radiology》2000,7(6):339-348
Purpose: To examine the utility of low-field, dedicated extremity MRI for assessing acute upper extremity trauma in patients with
radiographs that are negative for fracture. Secondly, to determine which sequences are most useful when screening for fractures.
Methods: Forty-four of 46 patients with acute upper extremity trauma and initial radiographs negative for fracture were imaged with
a 0.2-T MRI system. Findings were verified with follow-up clinical assessment and plain radiography. Results: In 21 patients, dedicated extremity MRI demonstrated 26 ultimately proven occult fractures, none of which were seen on the
initial conventional radiographs. True fractures demonstrated marrow edema and a linear fracture line on low-field MRI. One
bone contusion showed edema with no fracture line and was misdiagnosed as a fracture. Low-field MRI correctly identified 23
remaining patients with no fracture. Sensitivity and specificity for fracture in the 44 patients successfully imaged were
100 % and 96 %, respectively. Additionally, 21 soft-tissue injuries were found incidentally by MRI. However, these may not
merely be incidental findings of an acute nature, but may very well be chronic, and therefore merit no specific treatment.
T1-weighted gradient-echo and short-tau inversion recovery sequences demonstrated the fracture line and marrow edema to best
advantage, and were thus the most useful sequences to assess fractures on low-field MRI. Conclusion: Extremity MRI is highly sensitive and specific for radiographically occult fractures of the upper extremity and can also
identify associated soft-tissue injuries. In our study, the management was altered in 45 % of the patients following MRI.
When adequate sequences are used this modality can direct appropriate therapy while obviating the added expense and morbidity
of unnecessary immobilization and follow-up imaging of patients without fracture. 相似文献