念珠菌性肉芽肿呈面部痤疮和颈项部溃疡样改变1例

患者男,31岁。因"面部及颈项部皮疹2年",于2013年11月23日来我院皮肤科就诊。查体:面部可见大小不等毛囊性丘疹、囊肿呈痤疮样改变,部分其上可见少量黄褐色厚痂;右侧颈项部可见哑铃状或葫芦状皮损,毛发无生长或已脱落,上半部覆有黄褐色痂,形如蛎壳样,痂皮不易剥脱,剥去痂皮显露溃疡面,边缘呈堤状隆起,下半部为陈旧性瘢痕。取痂皮镜检见大量孢子及菌丝,科玛嘉念珠菌显色培养基培养绝大多数为翠绿色菌落。病理检查:表皮内见少量真菌菌丝,真皮层和毛囊周围大量中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞浸润。最后诊断为念珠菌肉芽肿。经抗真菌治疗3个月后,面部皮损完全消退,颈项部溃疡呈瘢痕愈合。     

克柔念珠菌引起的皮肤念珠菌性肉芽肿一例国内首报

患者女,80岁,左手腕部3 cm×6 cm大小浸润性肿块,部分表面覆盖增厚焦痂.临床拟诊:皮肤真菌感染.皮损样本送真菌培养、组织病理检查及特殊染色.组织病理检查,真皮内有大量淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞及浆细胞浸润,特殊染色见有大量的真菌孢子及菌丝.真菌培养及鉴定证实为克柔念珠菌.给予伊曲康唑口服治疗5个月,皮损消退.     

面部裴氏着色芽生菌病

报告1例裴氏着色芽生菌所致的面部着色芽生菌病.患者男,54岁.面部反复浸润性斑块1年,表面覆有鳞屑及黑色痂皮.皮损组织病理检查见淡褐色厚壁孢子.痂皮直接镜检见圆形厚壁暗棕色孢子及棕色分隔菌丝.真菌培养出黑色菌落,小培养见喙枝孢型及瓶型分生孢子梗,鉴定为裴氏着色芽生菌.口服伊曲康唑,疗效良好.     

播散性红色毛癣菌肉芽肿一例

目的报道1例播散性红色毛癣菌肉芽肿。方法对患者的临床资料、真菌学检查、组织病理及疗效进行分析。结果患者为46岁女性,手足、躯干红斑、脱屑30年,头皮、躯干、上肢结节、溃破2年。检查见头皮、颈、躯干和上肢有紫红色浸润性斑块、结节,部分皮损表面破溃、渗液、结痂。皮损内穿刺液及甲直接镜检菌丝阳性,培养为红色毛癣菌生长。皮损病理检查:真皮内可见上皮细胞样肉芽肿,其中央大片坏死,周围见结节样上皮样细胞团块,伴少许多核巨细胞、淋巴细胞及嗜酸粒细胞浸润。PAS染色真皮内见真菌菌丝。诊断为播散性红色毛癣菌肉芽肿。伊曲康唑治疗3个月后皮损消退,遗留萎缩性瘢痕。用药期间未见不良反应。结论播散性红色毛癣菌肉芽肿临床少见,伊曲康唑疗效满意。     

伞状毛霉和近平滑念珠菌致皮肤和皮下组织感染北大核心CSCD

报道一例由伞状毛霉和近平滑念珠菌所致皮肤和皮下感染。患者女,67岁,因左手腕“骨折”后外敷中草药夹板固定后形成增生性肉芽肿就诊。皮损分泌物直接涂片见革兰染色阳性出芽酵母细胞,组织病理检查：过碘酸雪夫及六胺银染色显示角质层及真皮内有粗大无分隔菌丝。皮损组织真菌培养在35℃时分别有霉菌和酵母样菌生长。霉菌经小培养形态学鉴定及DNAITS1～4区测序证实为伞状毛霉。温度试验显示伞状毛霉在37℃以上生长迅速,40℃时生长较缓慢。扫描电镜见孢子囊顶生呈洋梨状,孢子囊梗圆锥形,孢囊梗生于匍匐菌丝顶部,在假根之间,不与假根相对着生。酵母样菌经柯玛嘉显色试验和D1／D2片段DNA测序证实为近平滑念珠菌。药敏试验显示伞状毛霉菌对特比萘芬和伊曲康唑最敏感。细胞外酶活性测定结果显示伞状毛霉的蛋白酶活性高于近平滑念珠菌。患者口服抗真菌药物伊曲康唑200mg/次,每日2次,并予肉芽肿切除术联合治疗,治疗6周后患处肉芽组织完全消退,随访4年无复发。     

总状毛霉千叶变种致原发皮肤毛霉病一例

目的 报道1例总状毛霉千叶变种引起的皮肤毛霉病。方法 患者女，22岁，左臀部结节，渐增大6年，巨大疣状增生1年。全面临床检查排除其他疾病，采取皮损组织镜检、培养、温度实验、皮肤病理检查、PAS染色，对分离出的菌株进行鉴定。结果 皮损病理检查显示呈嗜酸粒细胞增多为主的感染性肉芽肿，H-E染色、PAS染色和嗜银染色均可见真皮内粗大、无分隔的菌丝，镜检可见长而分支不分隔的菌丝。25 ℃培养7天，见丰富菌落呈黄色。该菌种鉴定为总状毛霉千叶变种。采用真菌性肉芽肿切除加中厚皮片移植，联合系统抗真菌药物治疗的方法，治疗1个月后，患者获临床、真菌学治愈。结论 本例为总状毛霉千叶变种引起的原发性皮肤毛霉病，采用外科手术及植皮手术，联合系统抗真菌药物治疗安全有效。     

裴氏着色霉所致着色芽生菌病深圳首例报告及分析

目的　报告深圳首例裴氏着色霉 (Fonsecaeapedrosoi)所致着色芽生菌病 1例。方法　全面临床检查排除其他疾病 ;皮肤组织病理检查及皮损表面痂皮多次真菌培养、直接镜检证实为着色芽生菌病 ;菌种与标准菌株对照进行培养、鉴定确定为裴氏着色霉 ;临床系统抗真菌治疗观察。结果　组织病理HE染色于表皮角栓内和真皮浅层脓肿内见棕黄色厚壁孢子 (硬壳细胞 )。真菌学培养均为同一菌落生长 (3次 ) ,菌落呈暗棕色 ,绒毛状 ,紧凑感 ,镜下见喙枝孢型分生孢子梗和棕色分枝分隔菌丝。经伊曲康唑和特比萘芬联合治疗辅以高温灯照射 ,5个月后病情明显好转 ,各种真菌学检查阴性。结论　此例着色芽生菌病为深圳特区成立 2 0年来首次发现的病例 ,经联合治疗获成功     

毛囊黏蛋白病一例

患者女,60岁,因面部结节、斑块1年余就诊.患者以面部结节和浸润性斑块为皮损表现.皮肤科检查:前额见皮色和淡红色结节,左下颏见浸润性斑块,上覆黄色痂皮.组织病理检查示,真皮及皮下血管、附属器周围以淋巴细胞为主的炎症细胞浸润,毛囊上皮网状变性,并形成囊腔,经阿新蓝染色见囊腔中大量黏蛋白沉积.治疗方面给予阿维A和泼尼松口服,局部外用莫米松乳膏联合异维A酸凝胶等治疗,2个月后痊愈.     

阿萨希丝孢酵母引起播散性毛孢子菌病国内首例报告

目的报道国内首见阿萨希丝孢酵母（T.Asahii）所致播散性毛孢子菌病1例。方法全面临床检查排除其他疾病;多部位皮损组织及肝穿组织活检,组织病理检查;皮损组织、口腔假膜、阴道及鼻腔分泌物、尿、粪、肝穿组织及皮损表面痂皮多次真菌培养、直接镜检证实为系统性真菌病;菌种与标准菌株对照进行培养、生化试验、菌种鉴定及DNA序列分析;临床系统抗真菌治疗观察。结果发现皮肤、肝、肾、肠道、口腔、阴道粘膜等广泛受累,组织病理发现在感染性肉芽肿损害中有大量真菌孢子。真菌学培养均为同一菌落生长。菌落呈乳白色至淡黄色,表面褶皱,暗淡,边缘有菌丝长出。镜下见大小不一的矩形关节孢子及大量圆形或卵圆形孢子,出芽或不出芽,并见分支分隔菌丝。菌种经生化试验、糖发酵试验、同化硝酸盐试验、温度试验及碳源同化试验等最终鉴定为阿萨希丝孢酵母(No.AS2.2174),DNA序列分析证实该菌与阿萨希丝孢酵母的模式菌株在核糖体D1/D2区域碱基序列完全相同。经脂质体两性霉素B联合氟康唑治疗5个月后病情显著好转,各种真菌学检查阴性。结论阿萨希丝孢酵母所致播散性毛孢子菌病为国内首见;阿萨希丝孢酵母所致皮肤、粘膜、肝、脾、肾、肠道等系统损害,范围广、病程长,且基础病变不明,实为罕见。脂质体两性霉素B联合氟康唑治疗本病疗效显著。     

总状毛霉千叶变种致原发性皮肤毛霉病一例

目的 报道1例总状毛霉千叶变种引起的皮肤毛霉病。方法 患者女,22岁,左臀部结节,渐增大6年,巨大疣状增生1年。全面临床检查排除其他疾病,采取皮损组织镜检、培养、温度实验、皮肤病理检查、PAS染色,对分离出的菌株进行鉴定。结果 皮损病理检查显示呈嗜酸粒细胞增多为主的感染性肉芽肿,H-E染色、PAS染色和嗜银染色均可见真皮内粗大、无分隔的菌丝,镜检可见长而分支不分隔的菌丝。25℃培养7天,见丰富菌落呈黄色。该菌种鉴定为总状毛霉千叶变种。采用真菌性肉芽肿切除加中厚皮片移植,联合系统抗真菌药物治疗的方法,治疗1个月后,患者获临床、真菌学治愈。结论 本例为总状毛霉千叶变种引起的原发性皮肤毛霉病,采用外科手术及植皮手术,联合系统抗真菌药物治疗安全有效。     

New fillers for the new man

ABSTRACT:  Two new collagen-based lidocaine-containing dermal fillers, ArteSense™/ArteFill™ (Artes Medical, San Diego, CA) and Evolence® (Colbar LifeScience Ltd., Herzliya, Israel), have proved to be of particular interest to men, many of whom seek a long-lasting or permanent correction. ArteFill™ has been available in the United States since 2006, and it is expected that Evolence® will reach the American market in 2008. The properties of the two products will be described, and experience based on the administration of many hundreds of syringes of both products by a Canadian dermatologist will be detailed here, with tips and precautions to optimize patient outcomes.     

Outcomes and adverse effects of ablative vs nonablative lasers for skin resurfacing: A systematic review of 1093 patients

It is generally believed that ablative laser therapies result in prolonged healing and greater adverse events when compared with nonablative lasers for skin resurfacing. To evaluate the efficacy of ablative laser use for skin resurfacing and adverse events as a consequence of treatment in comparison to other modalities, a PRISMA‐compliant systematic review (Systematic Review Registration Number: 204016) of twelve electronic databases was conducted for the terms “ablative laser” and “skin resurfacing” from March 2002 until July 2020. Studies included meta‐analyses, randomized control trials, cohort studies, and case reports to facilitate evaluation of the data. All articles were evaluated for bias. The search strategy produced 34 studies. Of 1093 patients included in the studies of interest, adverse events were reported in a total of 106 patients (9.7%). Higher rates of adverse events were described in nonablative therapies (12.2% ± 2.19%, 31 events) when compared with ablative therapy (8.28% ± 2.46%, 81 events). 147 patients (13.4%) reported no side effects, 68 (6.22%) reported expected, transient self‐resolving events, and five (0.046%) presented with hypertrophic scarring. Excluding transient events, ablative lasers had fewer complications overall when compared with nonablative lasers (2.56% ± 2.19% vs 7.48% ± 3.29%). This systematic review suggests ablative laser use for skin resurfacing is a safe and effective modality to treat a range of pathologies from photodamage and acne scars to hidradenitis suppurativa and posttraumatic scarring from basal cell carcinoma excision. Further studies are needed, but these results suggest that ablative lasers are a superior, safe, and effective modality to treat damaged skin.     

Genetic alterations in RAS‐regulated pathway in acral lentiginous melanoma

Studies integrating clinicopathological and genetic features have revealed distinct patterns of genomic aberrations in Melanoma. Distributions of BRAF or NRAS mutations and gains of several oncogenes differ among melanoma subgroups, while 9p21 deletions are found in all melanoma subtypes. In the study, status of genes involved in cell cycle progression and apoptosis was evaluated in a panel of 17 frozen primary acral melanomas. NRAS mutations were found in 17% of the tumors. In contrast, BRAF mutations were not found. Gains of AURKA gene (20q13.3) were detected in 37.5% of samples, gains of CCND1 gene (11q13) or TERT gene (5p15.33) in 31.2% and gains of NRAS gene (1p13.2) in 25%. Alterations in 9p21 were identified in 69% of tumors. Gains of 11q13 and 20q13 were mutually exclusive, and 1p13.2 gain was associated with 5p15.33. Our findings showed that alterations in RAS‐related pathways are present in 87.5% of acral lentiginous melanomas.     

Self‐resolving superficial primary cutaneous mucormycosis in a 7‐week‐old infant

A 7‐week‐old girl, born at 30 weeks' gestational age, presented to clinic for evaluation of a crop of vesicular lesions that were noted after removal of a bandage that had been in place for 4 days. A punch biopsy of the lesion revealed fungal elements that were later identified as Rhizopus spp. The lesion began to self‐resolve, and no further treatment was needed, with full resolution of the lesion by 1 month after presentation. Clinicians should be aware of the variable presentations of mucormycosis and consider fungal infection in the differential diagnosis when evaluating vulnerable patients with skin eruptions.     

Multiple New-Onset Subcutaneous Nodules of the Upper Extremity Digits: Giant Cell Tumor of Tendon Sheath and Lipoma

A black woman with the concurrent onset of two subcutaneous nodules located on the digits of her upper extremities is described. Initially, a single systemic disorder was considered; yet, the lesions differed in morphology and consistency. Microscopic examination of the nodules showed a giant cell tumor of tendon sheath and a lipoma. Although Occam's “razor” suggests that multiple lesions in the same person are more likely to represent variable manifestations of a single disorder than several different diseases in that individual, the simultaneously appearing lesions in this patient represented two different conditions.