Er：YAG激光制备窝洞对树脂充填微渗漏的影响

目的应用离体牙比较复合树脂与Er：YAG激光及传统牙钻制备窝洞洞壁间微渗漏的差异。方法将30颗前磨牙随机分为3组,每组10颗牙,制备Ⅴ类洞：Ⅰ组牙钻预备加酸蚀处理;Ⅱ组单纯激光预备组、Ⅲ组激光预备加酸蚀处理组,经冷热循环染色后,在体视显微镜下记录微渗漏程度并应用非参数统计方法分析数据。结果各组内颈壁的染料渗透情况均比壁明显（P〈0.05）;在壁,单纯激光预备组产生的微渗漏最严重（P〈0.05）,激光预备加酸蚀处理组与牙钻预备加酸蚀处理组微渗漏无统计学差异;在颈壁,三组充填体边缘微渗漏情况无统计学差异。结论Er：YAG激光可代替牙钻备洞,结合酸蚀处理与充填体有良好的密合度。     

不同制洞方法及充填材料对乳牙充填体边缘微渗漏的影响

目的了解乳牙采用牙钻和Er.YAG激光制洞后充填不同材料边缘微渗漏情况。方法下颌乳中切牙120颗,随机分为十组,采用牙钻和Er.YAG激光制洞后充填不同材料,各组随机取出两颗,扫描电镜观察充填物与洞壁结合情况。其余样本染色,体式显微镜下观察微渗漏情况并记分。结果扫描电镜观察结果:机械备洞组充填物与牙体之间存在明显缝隙,激光制洞充填物与牙体之间无明显缝隙,局部出现融合;前四组明显观察到激光制洞充填物边缘密合度优于牙钻制洞充填物边缘;机械备洞和激光制洞结合酸蚀粘接复合树脂充填,密合度最好。体式显微镜边缘微渗漏观察结果:(1)不同制洞方法,同种充填材料充填边缘微渗漏染料渗入程度不等,结果均无显著性差异(0.05)。(2)不同制洞方法,玻璃离子充填边缘微渗漏均明显高于其余材料充填,有显著性差异(P<0.05);自酸蚀粘接复合体充填边缘微渗漏均高于酸蚀粘接复合树脂充填,有显著性差异(P<0.05);激光制洞,酸蚀粘接复合体充填边缘微渗漏明显高于酸蚀粘接复合树脂充填,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论 (1)不同制洞方法,对充填体边缘密合及微渗漏有一定影响。Er.YAG激光制洞优...     

Er∶YAG激光在儿童口腔临床中研究与应用

Er∶YAG激光波长2940 nm,可被水和羟基磷灰石充分吸收,可有效切割硬组织,不对牙髓产生损伤,具有杀菌作用,治疗时微创、无痛、舒适。应用Er∶YAG激光进行乳牙备洞后扫描电镜观察牙本质表面无玷污层,起伏不平,牙本质小管清晰。Er∶YAG激光备洞后配合使用自酸蚀粘接系统可获得更高粘接力和减少微渗漏。儿童患者应用Er∶YAG激光去腐备洞与传统方法相比,多数患儿认为激光治疗舒适、无痛或轻微疼痛。目前,Er∶YAG激光在儿童口腔科可进行乳恒牙龋齿备洞治疗、间接牙髓治疗、激光辅助窝沟封闭、预防性树脂充填、牙髓切断术以及软组织小手术（如系带成形术、牙齿助萌术）等。     

Er：YAG激光备洞与树脂充填微渗漏的实验研究

目的：评价Er：YAG激光备洞对树脂充填材料边缘微渗漏的影响。方法：选择48颗年轻前磨牙随机分成4组,每组12颗牙,用Er：YAG激光或高速牙钻制备ⅴ类洞。对照组：牙钻备洞＋35%磷酸酸蚀;实验1组：激光备洞＋35%磷酸酸蚀;实验2组：激光备洞＋自酸蚀粘接;实验3组：单纯激光备洞。树脂充填,经冷热循环试验后染色24h,体视显微镜下观察微渗漏,统计学处理数据。结果：龈壁的染料渗透,4组间无统计学差异;壁的染料渗透,以实验3组较明显,与对照组、实验1、2组有统计学差异（P〈0.05）;各组内壁的染料渗透均比龈壁轻,但没有统计学差异。结论：Er：YAG激光备洞,35%磷酸酸蚀或自酸蚀粘接处理可减少洞壁与树脂充填边缘的微渗漏。     

Er,Cr:YSGG激光预备离体牙V类洞对光固化复合树脂边缘微渗漏影响的研究

目的 研究比较Er, Cr: YSGG激光预备与传统牙钻预备离体牙V类洞对光固化复合树脂边缘微渗漏的影响.方法 于2007年3月至7月,在中国医科大学实验设备处和中国医科大学口腔医学院中心实验室,将30颗离体前磨牙随机分为3组制备V类洞:牙钻预备加37%磷酸处理组,单纯激光预备组,激光预备加37%磷酸处理组,每组l0颗牙.经冷热循环染色后,采用染料渗入和扫描电镜方法 观察充填体微渗漏情况.结果 壁及龈壁处,染料渗入结果 显示,牙钻预备加37%磷酸处理组的染料渗入评分最小,与其他两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而单纯激光预备组与激光加37%磷酸处理组之间差异无统计学意义.充填体边缘微缝隙宽度的结果 显示,单纯激光预备组的边缘微缝隙宽度最大,与其他两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而牙钻预备加37%磷酸处理组与激光预备加37%磷酸处理组之间差异无统计学意义.结论 Er, Cr: YSGG激光预备处理V类洞不能增加光固化复合树脂与牙体组织的结合,减少微渗漏的发生;而应用激光加37%磷酸可以取代传统牙钻加37%磷酸进行窝洞预备.Er, Cr: YSGG激光预备离体牙V类洞对光固化复合树脂边缘微渗漏的影响研究还有待于继续进行.     

Er,Cr:YSGG激光和酸蚀处理牙本质表面后的扫描电镜观察

目的 本文通过电镜观察，研究不同预备方法处理牙本质后表面形态的改变及树脂-牙本质界面形态的差别。方法 用10颗拔除的第三磨牙制作牙本质片，每个牙本质片预备三个窝洞，分别用传统方法加酸蚀预备，Er，Cr：YSGG激光预备及激光加酸蚀预备。将10个牙本质片分为A、B两组，A组在电镜下观察牙本质表面形态改变；B组用流动树脂充填，暴露树脂-牙本质界面，样本经处理后在电镜下观察比较。结果 A组：传统方法预备后牙本质表面可见开放的牙本质小管口；激光预备后开放的牙本质小管口呈现火山口样；激光加酸蚀处理后的牙本质小管周围呈现白晕。B组：传统预备方法的树脂一牙本质界面可见混合层，圆锥型树脂突和侧枝连接的形成；单纯激光预备后界面没有混合层的形成，形成的树脂突呈圆柱型，较长并且细密；激光加酸蚀处理后界面可见少量混合层形成，树脂突圆柱型，粗、长且有少量侧枝连接。结论 Er，Cr：YSGG激光加酸蚀处理后，开放的牙本质小管周围可见来完全脱矿的管周牙本质．树脂一牙本质界面可见混合层和粗长的圆柱形树脂突。     

Er:YAG激光预备对牙釉质表面性能及树脂粘结强度的影响

目的:探讨Er:YAG激光预备对牙釉质表面性能及树脂粘结强度的影响。方法:选取50颗无龋坏、无充填物的人离体前磨牙或磨牙,用涡轮手机按近远中方向将离体牙切割成颊/舌两部分,最终选取84个样件,按不同的表面处理方法随机分为7组(A-G组),每组12个样件。每组2个样件扫描电镜观察,其余10个样件分别在处理后的牙釉质表面粘结光固化复合树脂,进行剪切强度测试。结果:A组剪切强度最高(20.51±3.33) MPa。B、C、D组剪切强度次之,与A组比差异无统计学意义。E、F、G组剪切强度较弱,其中E组剪切强度与B、C、D组无显著差异,F、G组与其他组有显著差异。扫描电镜观察:随着激光能量的增加,牙釉质表面粗糙度增加。激光处理后再进行酸蚀处理,牙釉质表面整体结构均匀,釉柱结构清晰可见,无玷污层。结论:Er:YAG激光处理牙釉质表面不能达到类似酸蚀的效果。激光加酸蚀能达到类似酸蚀的效果。牙釉质剪切粘结强度随着激光能量的增加而增加。[关键词] Er:YAG激光 酸蚀 牙釉质 剪切粘结强度     

Er∶YAG激光对牙本质与瓷块间粘接强度影响研究

目的 评价Er∶YAG激光照射对牙本质与瓷块间粘接强度的影响.方法 选取2010年9月至2011年9月山西医科大学口腔医院颌面外科因正畸拔除的完整无龋坏、无隐裂的前磨牙30颗,分别制备3 mm ×3 mm的牙本质面,随机分为以下3组:Er∶YAG激光组、酸蚀组、酸蚀+Er∶YAG激光组,每组10个样本.通过扫描电镜观察各组样本的表面形态,并检测牙本质与瓷块间的粘接强度.结果 酸蚀+Er∶YAG激光组粘接强度值最高,与酸蚀组和Er∶YAG激光组相比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),而酸蚀组与Er∶YAG激光组间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 酸蚀联合Er∶YAG激光照射能够增强牙本质与瓷块间的粘接强度,是牙体组织粘接前有效的表面处理方式.     

Er��Cr:YSGG����Ԥ�����������ප�Ԫ���̻�������֬��Ե΢��©Ӱ����о�

目的研究比较Er,Cr:YSGG激光预备与传统牙钻预备离体牙Ⅴ类洞对光固化复合树脂边缘微渗漏的影响。方法于2007年3月至7月,在中国医科大学实验设备处和中国医科大学口腔医学院中心实验室,将30颗离体前磨牙随机分为3组制备Ⅴ类洞:牙钻预备加37%磷酸处理组,单纯激光预备组,激光预备加37%磷酸处理组,每组10颗牙。经冷热循环染色后,采用染料渗入和扫描电镜方法观察充填体微渗漏情况。结果壁及龈壁处,染料渗入结果显示,牙钻预备加37%磷酸处理组的染料渗入评分最小,与其他两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而单纯激光预备组与激光加37%磷酸处理组之间差异无统计学意义。充填体边缘微缝隙宽度的结果显示,单纯激光预备组的边缘微缝隙宽度最大,与其他两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而牙钻预备加37%磷酸处理组与激光预备加37%磷酸处理组之间差异无统计学意义。结论Er,Cr:YSGG激光预备处理Ⅴ类洞不能增加光固化复合树脂与牙体组织的结合,减少微渗漏的发生;而应用激光加37%磷酸可以取代传统牙钻加37%磷酸进行窝洞预备。Er,Cr:YSGG激光预备离体牙Ⅴ类洞对光固化复合树脂边缘微渗漏的影响研究还有待于继续进行。     

Er:YAG激光照射对窝沟封闭剂微渗漏影响的研究

目的通过体外观察Er:YAG激光照射对窝沟封闭剂微渗漏的影响,探讨其做为窝沟封闭前釉质预处理方式的可能性。方法以20颗离体磨牙做为标本,随机分成4组,每组5颗,窝沟分别采用下列方式处理,A组:杯状刷清洗后酸蚀,B组:钻处理后酸蚀,C组:Er:YAG激光照射,D组:Er:YAG激光照射后酸蚀,然后窝沟封闭,冷热循环,染料渗透,切片,体视显微镜观察各组窝沟封闭剂与釉质面的微渗漏情况。结果单纯Er:YAG激光照射组微渗漏最严重(P<0.05),3种方式预备窝沟经酸蚀后窝沟封闭剂边缘微渗漏无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论Er:YAG激光照射后的窝沟放置窝沟封闭剂前还应酸蚀。     

不同窝沟处理方法 对窝沟封闭剂渗透程度和边缘微渗漏影响的体外研究

目的 体外比较不同的窝沟处理方法 对窝沟封闭剂效果的影响。方法 50颗离体人类恒磨牙被随机分为5组,每组10颗。组1:低速杯状刷清洁并酸蚀(杯状刷组);组2:高速1/4球钻行窝沟釉质成形术并酸蚀(EST-Ⅰ);组3:高速极细金刚砂车针行窝沟釉质成形术并酸蚀(EST-Ⅱ);组4:激光清洁并酸蚀(激光组);组5:超声清洁并酸蚀(超声组)。窝沟封闭后,对封闭剂的渗透率及窝沟染料微渗漏进行测定。结果 激光组封闭剂渗透率最低与低速杯状刷组、1/4球钻组及金刚砂车针组之间均有显著性差异(α<0.05)。激光组所有样本均出现染料渗漏,其微渗漏最严重,与其他4组均有显著性差异(α<0.05),1/4球钻组微渗漏发生最少,与金刚砂车针组、激光组以及超声组有显著性差异(α<0.05)。结论 应用高速1/4球钻行窝沟釉质成形术并酸蚀后再进行窝沟封闭,具有较好的渗透性和边缘封闭性。?     

饵激光预备及光固化灯超强功率模式对树脂微渗漏的影响

目的研究饵激光备洞和光固化灯超强功率模式对树脂充填微渗漏的影响。方法将40颗离体后牙随机平均分成4组进行备洞和充填固化。A组:高速涡轮机加安福士椅旁LED灯(550 m W/cm2,20 s);B组:高速涡轮机加VALO光固化灯(超强功率模式3 200 m W/cm2,3 s);C组:铒激光加安福士椅旁LED灯;D组:铒激光加VALO光固化灯。所有样本制备V类洞并行树脂充填后置于37℃生理盐水中24 h,冷热循环后亚甲基蓝溶液染色,在低速切割机下颊舌向切开,体式显微镜下观察剖面微渗漏情况,计分,统计。结果所有样本的龈壁微渗漏与牙合壁相比较更高,A组微渗漏程度较B、C组低,有统计学差异(P<0.05)。D组微渗漏最大,与其他各组有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论铒激光备洞和光固化灯超级功率模式都会增加树脂充填微渗漏的发生。     

Comparison of marginal microleakage of flowable composite restorations in primary molars prepared by high-speed carbide bur, Er:YAG laser, and air abrasion

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess in vitro the influence of 3 cavity preparation devices (carbide bur, Er:YAG laser, and air abrasion) on the microleakage of flowable composite restorations in primary teeth. METHODS: Fifteen primary second molars were selected, and Class V cavities were prepared on the buccal/lingual surfaces, being assigned to 3 groups (n= 10). Group 1 (control) was prepared using a high-speed handpiece and was acid etched. Group 2 was prepared and treated with a Er:YAG laser (400mJ/4Hz and 80mJ/4Hz, respectively) and was acid etched. Group 3 was prepared and treated with an air abrasion system and was acid etched. Cavities were restored and stored for 7 days. Restorations were polished, thermocycled, immersed in 0.2% rhodamine B, sectioned, and analyzed for leakage. RESULTS: Er:YAG laser-prepared cavities showed the highest degree of infiltration. The performance of the air abrasion device was comparable to that of the high-speed handpiece. CONCLUSION: It may be concluded that the method of cavity preparation affected the microleakage of Class V cavities restored with flowable composite in primary teeth.     

Influence of the use of Er:YAG laser for cavity preparation and surface treatment in microleakage of resin-modified glass ionomer restorations

This study quantitatively assessed the amount of microleakage on Class V cavities prepared by Er:YAG laser and high-speed handpiece, varying the surface treatment and restoring with a resin-modified glass ionomer cement. Fifty cavities were prepared using either an Er:YAG laser device or a carbide bur at high speed. The surface treatment was performed as follows: Er:YAG laser irradiation (G1); 40% polyacrylic acid (G2); laser + acid (G3); finishing with low speed + laser + acid (G4); conventional bur preparation + acid (G5-control). The samples were restored with Fuji II LC, thermocycled, isolated and immersed in a 50% AgNO3 solution. The restorations were serially sectioned and the extent of dye penetration was measured in milimeters using specific computer software. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey test. The lowest degree of microleakage was observed for G5, which was statistically similar (p>0.05) to G4 but different (p<0.05) from all the other experiental groups. Lesser microleakage was observed at the occlusal margins than at the cervical margins (p<0.05). It may be concluded that the use of Er:YAG laser for cavity preparation and surface treatment negatively affected the marginal sealing of resin-modified glass ionomer restorations.     

Microleakage study of different adhesive systems in Class V cavities prepared by Er,Cr:YSGG laser and bur preparation

This study sought to compare the microleakage of composite resin restorations using two different dentin adhesive systems and two different modes of cavity preparation: a high-speed handpiece and an Er,Cr:YSGG laser. Twenty-five caries-free permanent human premolars were assigned randomly into five groups of five. A high-speed handpiece was used to prepare Class V cavities on the buccal and lingual surfaces of 10 randomly selected teeth. Class V cavities were cut on the buccal and lingual surfaces of the remaining 15 teeth using the Er,Cr:YSGG laser system. Fifty cavities were prepared with enamel and dentin margins 1.0 mm below the cemento-enamel junction and assigned into five groups: I, II, and III by the Er,Cr:YSGG laser and IV and V by the high-speed handpiece. In all groups, the differences between gingival and occlusal leakage scores were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The occlusal and gingival scores of groups I and IV demonstrated statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). The lased group with additional acid etching revealed less microleakage than groups III and IV (p < 0.05). Both self-etch and total-etch adhesive systems demonstrated acceptable microleakage scores when used on Er,Cr:YSGG laser-prepared cavities; however, additional acid etching after Er,Cr:YSGG laser preparation is recommended.     

Er:YAG激光和酸蚀作用于牙釉质表面后剪切强度的比较研究

目的 探讨Er:YAG激光照射对牙釉质表面的蚀刻效果,并与酸蚀效果进行比较研究.方法 2010年4-7月在山西医科大学选取40颗完整的人离体双尖牙,随机分为4组(每组各10颗牙),即酸蚀组(35%的磷酸),Er:YAG激光组(5Hz,100 mJ,0.5W),酸蚀加Er:YAG激光组,Er:YAG激光加酸蚀组.分别在牙...     

Effect of enamel preparation method on in vitro marginal microleakage of a flowable composite used as pit and fissure sealant

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the microleakage in occlusal surfaces, after preparation with Er:YAG laser and compared to the diamond-bur conventional technique. METHODS: Thirty premolars were divided into three groups: I - high-speed handpiece + 37% phosphoric acid; II - Er:YAG laser (350 mJ, 4 Hz and 112 J/cm(2)) + 37% phosphoric acid; and III - Er:YAG laser (350 mJ, 4 Hz and 112 J/cm(2)) + Er:YAG laser (80 mJ, 4 Hz, and 25 mJ/cm(2)). All cavities received the same adhesive system and were restored with flowable composite according to manufacturer's instructions. Teeth were submitted to thermal cycling and immersed in 50% silver nitrate solutions for 8 h in total darkness. Specimens were sectioned longitudinally in the bucco-lingual direction, in slices of 1 mm thick. Each slice was immersed into photo developing solution and was photographed, and microleakage was scored from 0 to 7, by three calibrated examiners. RESULTS: A statistically significant difference (P < 0.0001) was observed between Er:YAG laser prepared and etched specimens and those in the other groups. CONCLUSIONS: It can be concluded that no significant difference was noted between the two types of enamel preparation when etching was performed. Preparing and treating the enamel surface exclusively by Er:YAG laser resulted in the highest degree of leakage.