坦度螺酮治疗广泛性焦虑症的疗效和安全性：随机、双盲、对照研究

目的：评价坦度螺酮治疗广泛性焦虑症的疗效及副作用。方法：应用坦度螺酮和丁螺环酮治疗广泛性焦虑症，随机取样各23例，并比较疗效及副作用，坦度螺酮：第1～2周，30mg／d，分3次，饭后口服。第3周如HAMA减分率&;lt;30％；无不良反应，则将剂量加至60mg／d，分3次，饭后口服。不需增加药量者为低剂量组、需增加药量者为高剂量组。第7～8周将高剂量组剂量减半。丁螺环酮：第1～2周，15mg／d，分3次，饭后口服。第3周如HAMA减分率&;lt;30％；无不良反应，则将剂量加至30mg／d，分3次，饭后口服。不需增加药量者为低剂量组、需增加药量者为高剂量组。第7～8周将高剂量组剂量减半。采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)和不良反应量表(TESS)于治疗前、治疗后第1，2，3，4，6，8周末各评定1次，疗程8周。结果：两组患者的主要疗效指标HAMA评分在治疗结束时与基线比较均显著减低(P均&;lt;0．01)；治疗结束时HAMA减分率：坦度螺酮组(60．30&;#177;19，76)％，丁螺环酮组(56．27&;#177;19．38)％；临床总有效率：坦度螺酮组74％，丁螺环酮组70％，两组之间差异无显著性意义；TESS结果表明，坦度螺酮组的不良反应发生率与丁螺环酮组相当，两组的不良反应发生率分别为24％和26％，主要不良反应是口干、头晕头昏、食欲减退、恶心等。结论：坦度螺酮的抗焦虑疗效与丁螺环酮相似，不良反应少而轻。     

帕罗西汀与坦度螺酮治疗广泛性焦虑症的对照研究

目的:比较帕罗西汀与坦度螺酮治疗广泛性焦虑症的疗效及安全性.方法:将56例广泛性焦虑症的患者随机分为两组,分别给予帕罗西汀(20～40 mg/d)和坦度螺酮(30～60 mg/d)口服治疗,疗程6周,治疗前后采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评定疗效,用抗抑郁药副反应评定量表(SERS)评定药物不良反应.结果:帕罗西汀、坦度螺酮两组治疗后HAMA分值较治疗前明显下降,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗第1周末帕罗西汀组HAMA减分率高于坦度螺酮组(P<0.05),第2、4、6周末,两组间HAMA减分率差异无显著性(P>0.05):坦度螺酮组不良反应少于帕罗西汀组.结论:帕罗西汀和坦度螺酮均能有效治疗广泛性焦虑症,两者疗效相当;帕罗西汀起效快,坦度螺酮不良反应轻微.     

坦度螺酮与劳拉西泮治疗广泛性焦虑的临床双盲对照研究

坦度螺酮是一种新型5-HT能抗焦虑药，为了进一步了解其疗效及安全性，我们将其与苯二氮[艹卓]类抗焦虑药的代表药物劳拉西泮做以比较研究，现将结果报告如下。     

丁螺环酮与地西泮治疗焦虑症的双盲对照

目的:比较丁螺环酮与地西泮治疗焦虑症的疗效及不良反应。方法:采用随机双盲对照观察的方法,分为丁螺环酮组23例(男11例,女12例,年龄38±13α),丁螺环酮片15mg tid po;4Wk,为一个疗程。地西泮组22例(男9例,女13例,年龄40±11α),地西泮7.5mg tid,po;4wk为一个疗程。治疗结果:丁螺环酮组有效率86%,地西泮组90%,Ridit分析P>0.05。药物不良反应发生率地西泮组高于丁螺环酮组,但反应轻微不影响治疗。结论:丁螺环酮与地西泮比较疗效相同,不良反应少。     

丁螺环酮治疗焦虑症的临床研究

作者用丁螺环酮对３０例符合ＣＣＭＤ－２诊断标准的焦虑症患者进行开放治疗，治疗期间与治疗后评定，ＨＡＭＡ，ＨＡＭＤ及ＳＡＳ均分明显下降，提示此药有明显抗抑郁与焦虑作用。此外，此药副反应轻微且少见。     

丁螺环酮和阿普唑仑治疗焦虑症的对照研究

目的：评价丁螺环酮治疗焦虑症的临床疗效和不良反应。方法：对60例焦虑症患者，分别应用丁螺环酮和阿普唑仑进行对照治疗，疗程4周采用Hamihon焦虑量表（HAMA）和副反应量表（TESS）评定疗效和不良反应。结果：丁螺环酮与阿普唑仑对焦虑症的疗效差异无显著性。两药不良反应相仿。结论：丁螺环酮治疗焦虑症有效，不良反应轻。     

丁螺环酮与阿普唑仑治疗儿童广泛性焦虑症对照研究

目的　比较丁螺环酮与阿普唑仑治疗儿童广泛性焦虑症的临床疗效与不良反应。方法　将76例儿童广泛性焦虑症 患者随机分为丁螺环酮治疗组(研究组)与阿普唑仑治疗组(对照组),每组各38例,疗程8w;于治疗前及治疗第8w末采用汉 密尔顿焦虑量表、临床疗效总评量表评定临床疗效,第4、8周末采用副反应量表评定不良反应。疗效判定标准:汉密尔顿焦虑 量表减分率≥75%为痊愈,60～74%为显著进步,30～59%为进步,<30%为无效。结果　研究组有效率92.1%,对照组有效 率89.5%;治疗前后两组汉密尔顿焦虑量表总分、精神焦虑、躯体焦虑、临床疗效总评量表 GI、 SI评定均有极显著性差异(P <0.01);治疗后两组间精神焦虑因子有显著性差异(P<0.05),临床疗效总评量表 SI、临床疗效总评量表 GI比较均有极显 著性差异(P<0.01)。结论　丁螺环酮是治疗儿童广泛性焦虑症安全有效的药物。     

丁螺环酮和阿普唑仑治疗老年性焦虑症的对比分析

目的：评价丁螺环酮治疗老年性焦虑症的临床疗效和不良反应。方法：对60例焦虑症患者,分别应用丁螺环酮和阿普唑仑进行对照治疗,疗程4周采用Hamihon焦虑量表（HAMA）和副反应量表（TESS）评定疗效和不良反应。结果：丁螺环酮与阿普唑仑对焦虑症的疗效差异无统计学意义。但丁螺环酮不良反应少。结论：丁螺环酮治疗焦虑症有效,不良反应轻。     

帕罗西汀联合丁螺环酮治疗女性广泛性焦虑症对照观察

帕罗西汀是一种高选择性5-羟色胺（5-HT）再摄取抑制剂,能有效的抑制5-HT再摄取,增加突触间隙的含量而提高情绪,缓解焦虑抑郁症状。     

奥氮平治疗多发性抽动症:随机、对照、双盲试验

目的:多发性抽动症的治疗传统上以氟哌叮醇治疗为主,但其严重的锥体外系反应限制了其应用,为了解新一代精神药品奥氮平对多发性抽动症的疗效,与阳性对照药氟哌叮醇比较,评价奥氮平治疗多发性抽动症的疗效及其安全性。方法:实验于2003-06/2004-06在新乡医学院第二附属医院临床心理科完成。所有研究组对象均符合美国诊断和统计手册第四版(DSM-IV)的诊断,排除躯体疾病和其他精神疾病;对照组为与研究组相匹配的健康儿童。采用随机对照试验方法,将60例多发性抽动症症患者分成奥氮平组(5～10mg/d,30例)和氟哌叮醇组(4～12mg/d,30例),在3d清洗期后,进入疗程4周的治疗。采用YALE综合抽动严重程度量表、临床总体疗效评定量表和药物副反应量表来评价药物疗效和不良反应。结果:治疗后第4周奥氮平组总有效率72%,氟哌叮醇组总有效率72%。两组YALE综合抽动严重程度治疗后,第4周奥氮平组为7.48±6.78,氟哌叮醇组9.67±6.79,两组差有显著性意义(P<0.05),奥氮平药物不良反应明显减少。结论:奥氮平是一种有效、安全的抗抽动药物,有改善睡眠的作用,不良反应轻。     

The effect of aminophylline on renal colic: a randomized double blind controlled trial

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of aminophylline infusion as a painkiller compared with placebo in patients with acute renal colic. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From March to August 2005, 141 patients with clinical renal colic, who were under 60 years of age, had no history of heart or hepatic failure, asthma, theophylline or beta blocker use, reaction to methylxantines, pregnancy or breast feeding, and were not prescribed spasmolytic or analgesics, entered our study. They were randomly assigned to receive either 375 mg of aminophylline or placebo infusion under double blind conditions. Pain intensity was recorded using a visual analog scale (VAS), before drug administration and 30 and 60 minutes afterwards. The drug effectiveness was defined as > or =40% decrease in pain intensity 60 minutes after the onset of infusion, without exacerbation during the following 4 hours. RESULTS: Seventy patients received aminophylline; it was effective in 45 (64%; 95% confidence interval 52-75%). Alternatively, placebo was effective in 12 of 71 control patients (17%; 95% confidence interval 9-28%); (P < 0.001). Thirty and 60 minutes after administration, aminophylline reduced pain by 24% and 39% respectively, as compared with 6% and 8% pain reduction in the placebo group. CONCLUSION: This prospective study provides remarkable information about the efficacy of aminophylline on pain relief and decreasing narcotic usage in symptomatic urinary calculi. It is safe, inexpensive, with minute side effects and can be considered a good alternative or additive to narcotic analgesics in the management of renal colic.     

Intravenous dipyrone in the acute treatment of migraine without aura and migraine with aura: a randomized,double blind,placebo controlled study

BACKGROUND: Dipyrone (Metamizol) has been used in the acute treatment of migraines in Brazil. Some investigators have found it to be a highly effective medication for migraine pain and associated symptoms. OBJECTIVE: To conduct a randomized, placebo controlled, double blind study to assess the effect of dipyrone on the pain and symptoms associated with migraine without aura or with aura and the adverse effect profile of this medication. METHODS: For the migraine without aura group, 44 patients were assigned at random to receive 1 g intravenous dipyrone, and 30 patients received 10 mL 0.9% physiological saline. For the migraine with aura group, 30 patients received both dipyrone or placebo. We used seven parameters of analgesic evaluation and an analog scale to assess nausea, photophobia, and phonophobia. RESULTS: Patients receiving dipyrone demonstrated a statistically superior improvement (P<.05 and P<.01) in pain and all associated symptoms compared with control subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Dipyrone is an effective drug for the relief of acute migraine pain and associated symptoms.     

Passionflower in the treatment of generalized anxiety: a pilot double-blind randomized controlled trial with oxazepam

OBJECTIVE: Passionflower (Passiflora incarnata) is a folk remedy for anxiety. A double-blind randomized trial compared the efficacy of Passiflora incarnata extract with oxazepam in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. METHODS: The study was performed on 36 out-patients diagnosed with GAD using DSM IV criteria. Patients were allocated in a random fashion: 18 to the Passiflora extract 45 drops/day plus placebo tablet group, and 18 to oxazepam 30 mg/day plus placebo drops for a 4-week trial. RESULTS: Passiflora extract and oxazepam were effective in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. No significant difference was observed between the two protocols at the end of trial. Oxazepam showed a rapid onset of action. On the other hand, significantly more problems relating to impairment of job performance were encountered with subjects on oxazepam. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that Passiflora extract is an effective drug for the management of generalized anxiety disorder, and the low incidence of impairment of job performance with Passiflora extract compared to oxazepam is an advantage. A large-scale trial is justified.     

Yoga for generalized anxiety disorder: design of a randomized controlled clinical trial

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a common disorder associated with significant distress and interference. Although cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has been shown to be the most effective form of psychotherapy, few patients receive or have access to this intervention. Yoga therapy offers another promising, yet under-researched, intervention that is gaining increasing popularity in the general public, as an anxiety reduction intervention. The purpose of this innovative clinical trial protocol is to investigate the efficacy of a Kundalini Yoga intervention, relative to CBT and a control condition. Kundalini yoga and CBT are compared with each other in a noninferiority test and both treatments are compared to stress education training, an attention control intervention, in superiority tests. The sample will consist of 230 individuals with a primary DSM-5 diagnosis of GAD. This randomized controlled trial will compare yoga (N = 95) to both CBT for GAD (N = 95) and stress education (N = 40), a commonly used control condition. All three treatments will be administered by two instructors in a group format over 12 weekly sessions with four to six patients per group. Groups will be randomized using permuted block randomization, which will be stratified by site. Treatment outcome will be evaluated bi-weekly and at 6 month follow-up. Furthermore, potential mediators of treatment outcome will be investigated. Given the individual and economic burden associated with GAD, identifying accessible alternative behavioral treatments will have substantive public health implications.     

A double blind randomized placebo controlled study of cholera treatment with highly diluted and succussed solutions

A pilot study of homoeopathic treatment of cholera during an epidemic in Peru appeared to show that it was effective. A subsequent double blind study showed no difference betwen active homoeopathic treatment and placebo treatment. Various technical problems were encountered.     

A randomized, double blind study of the prophylactic effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on migraine

In a double blind, placebo-controlled study to assess the prophylactic effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on migraine, 40 patients were randomly assigned to a treatment group receiving three sessions of hyperbaric oxygen, or a control group receiving three hyperbaric air treatments. The patients were instructed to keep a standardized migraine diary for eight weeks before and after the treatment. Thirty-four patients completed the study. Our primary measure of efficacy was the difference between pre- and post-treatment hours of headache per week. The results show a nonsignificant reduction in hours of headache for the hyperbaric oxygen group compared to the control group. Levels of endothelin-1 in venous blood before and after treatment did not reveal any difference between the hyperbaric oxygen and control groups. We conclude that the tested protocol does not show a significant prophylactic effect on migraine and does not influence the level of endothelin-1 in venous blood.