直肌松解后退术联合眶脂肪切除治疗甲状腺相关性眼病限制性斜视

目的：探讨直肌松解后退术联合眶脂肪切除对甲状腺相关性眼病限制性斜视的临床治疗效果。

方法：回顾分析2018-03/2019-06在我科住院的甲状腺相关性眼病限制性斜视病例27例34眼。所有患者均在全身麻醉下行直肌松解后退联合眶脂肪切除术。眶脂肪切除范围根据眼突的程度选择鼻下、颞下、鼻上或颞上等不同象限。25眼行下直肌后退术，5眼行内直肌后退术，4眼行上直肌后退术。术中根据眼球突出程度分别选择切除鼻下、颞下、鼻上或颞上等不同象限肌锥内、外脂肪，根据术前斜视度以及眼外直肌挛缩程度设计直肌手术的后退量，术中估计则依靠被动转动试验抗力的大小。术中切除脂肪量根据术前眼球突度，按切除约1mL脂肪眼球突度后退1mm设计。术后随访时间为每周1次，1mo后每月1次，3mo后不定期随访，所纳入手术患者随访时间在6mo以上。

结果：术中切除脂肪量2.1～3.4(平均2.6)mL。术后1mo视力为0～0.2(平均0.11±0.16)，术后6mo视力为0～0.3(平均0.12±0.17)，术前术后视力无差异(P>0.05)。术后1mo眼球突出度为13～16(平均14.4±0.8)mm，术后矫正眼球突出度2～4(平均2.4)mm(q=10.737，P<0.01)。术后6mo眼球突出度为13～15.5(平均14.5±0.6)mm，与术后1mo无差异(q=0.624，P=0.173)。术后1mo斜视度为2^△～10^△(平均6.7^△±2.3^△)，均为欠矫(q=18.068，P<0.01)，术前所有患者第一眼位均有复视，术后1mo第一眼位复视消失，6例患者下转15°眼位残留复视症状。所有患者的代偿头位均得到明显改善。术后6mo患者斜视度(欠矫)0^△～7^△(平均3.4^△±1.2^△)，与术后1mo有差异(q=5.385，P=0.015)。术后1mo眼压17.12±1.89mmHg，与术前眼压有差异(q=4.258，P=0.018)。术后6mo眼压17.53±1.67mmHg，与术后1mo无差异(q=0.729，P=0.154)。

结论：眶脂肪切除可改善眼突，并未对限制性斜视的手术设计及效果有明显影响，直肌松解后退术联合眶脂肪切除术治疗甲状腺相关性眼病限制性斜视合并突眼是一种可控的手术方案。     

超声乳化联合房角分离术与小梁切除术治疗急性闭角型青光眼合并白内障

目的：比较白内障超声乳化联合房角分离术与单纯小梁切除术治疗急性闭角型青光眼合并白内障的临床疗效。

方法：选取我院就诊的急性闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者46例60眼,其中行白内障超声乳化联合房角分离术30眼(A组),单纯行小梁切除术30眼(B组); 观察术后4、7d,1、3mo,患者BCVA(LogMAR视力)、眼压、中央前房深度及视野情况。

结果：术后3mo A组BCVA为0.20±0.18显著高于B组0.39±0.09(P<0.05)。 A组术前眼压(18.3±4.6mmHg)与术后3mo(17.2±1.9mmHg)无差异(P>0.05); 术前B组眼压(18.2±5.0mmHg)与术后3mo(12.4±2.1mmHg)有差异(P<0.05); 术后3mo,A组和B组眼压比较有差异(P<0.05)。术前A组前房深度(2.23±0.21mm)与术后3mo(3.46±0.10mm),B组术前前房深度(2.21±0.12mm)与术后3mo(3.36±0.09mm)均有差异(P<0.05)。A组术前视野缺损度(6.32±1.57db)与术后3mo(6.54±1.42db),B组术前视野缺损度(6.31±1.46db)与术后3mo(6.57±1.52db)均无差异(P>0.05)。

结论：白内障超声乳化联合房角分离术与单纯小梁切除术对急性闭角型青光眼眼压均能有效控制。     

下方小梁切除术治疗青光眼滤过术后眼压失控的疗效和安全性

目的：观察下方小梁切除术治疗青光眼滤过术后眼压失控的疗效和安全性。

方法：回顾性分析51例61眼青光眼滤过术后眼压失控行下方小梁切除术患者的资料,统计术前、术后眼压、视力和降眼压药物的数量,以及术中、术后并发症。采用Kaplan-Meier生存分析计算手术成功率。

结果：术后随访时间为6～76(平均30.15±14.10)mo。61眼术前眼压35.98±10.01mmHg,术后1wk,1、3、6mo,1a及末次随诊眼压分别为9.62±4.90、13.15±4.51、16.05±7.37、16.48±6.81、16.68±6.42、16.77±7.56mmHg,与术前眼压相比,均有差异(P<0.001)。术后6mo,1、2a的完全成功率分别是62%、49%、36%,部分成功率分别是93%、85%、81%,34眼(56%)形成功能性滤过泡,术前采用降眼压滴眼液3.33±0.77种,术后3mo降至1.41±1.44种(t=9.86,P<0.001)。术后未出现滤过泡感染、眼内炎等严重并发症。

结论：下方小梁切除术操作难度相对较大,但对于青光眼滤过术后眼压控制不佳的患者,仍可以作为一种安全有效的治疗方案。     

玻璃体切除联合曲安奈德玻璃体注射治疗增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变

目的：观察玻璃体切除联合曲安奈德玻璃体腔注射治疗增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变的疗效。

方法：对45例47眼增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变行玻璃体切除联合曲安奈德注射液2mg玻璃体腔注射治疗,观察术中术后并发症情况以及术后视力、眼压、黄斑中心凹厚度变化情况。

结果：术中并发症：有7眼(15%)发生医源性裂孔,有13眼(28%)发生视网膜出血; 术后并发症：13眼(28%)发现曲安奈德进入前房,有9眼(19%)前房积血,有6眼(13%)发生眼底出血; 术后视力：术后3mo 有35眼(74%)视力较术前提高(P<0.05),术后6mo有27眼(57%)视力较术前明显提高(P<0.05); 术后眼压：术后第7d,1、3、6mo时眼压分别为23.47±5.21、26.58±6.35、19.12±5.76、17.43±4.91mmHg,与术前眼压16.32±4.64mmHg比较、术后第7d,1mo差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),术后3、6mo差异无统计学意义(P>0.05); 术后第7d,1、3、6mo时黄斑中央凹厚度分别是404.05±89.71、277.14±41.25、254.82±33.64、226.49±28.57μm,与术前黄斑中央凹厚度433.51±101.02μm比较,术后第7d时差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后1、3、6mo时差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论：玻璃体切割联合曲安奈德2mg玻璃体腔内注射能减轻黄斑水肿,改善视功能,是治疗增生型糖尿病视网膜病变的有效方法。     

贝伐珠单抗玻璃体腔内注射联合复合式小梁切除术治疗NVG的临床观察

目的：观察贝伐珠单抗玻璃体腔内注射联合复合式小梁切除术治疗新生血管性青光眼(neovascular glaucoma,NVG)的疗效。

方法：收集2014-01/2016-07我院眼科确诊的NVG患者36例36眼,所有患者均采用贝伐珠单抗玻璃体腔内注射联合丝裂霉素处理的小梁切除术治疗。分别于术前、术后1d(玻璃体腔注射后1d),1、3、6、12mo(小梁切除术后1、3、6、12mo)观察患眼虹膜表面新生血管消退、眼压、视力、滤泡形态、抗青光眼药物使用等情况。

结果：随访1a,本组病例手术完全成功26眼,部分成功7眼,失败3眼。术后1、3、6、12mo眼压(18.183±6.993、19.586±6.198、18.722±5.263、19.089±4.133mmHg)均明显低于术前(39.997±5.827mmHg)和术后1d(39.647±5.690mmHg),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05); 术后1、6mo眼压均明显低于术后3mo,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05); 其余术后各时间点眼压两两比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后1、3、6、12mo LogMAR视力(0.686±0.202、0.622±0.157、0.631±0.179、0.711±0.177)均明显优于术前(0.833±0.207)和术后1d(0.806±0.188),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05); 术后3、6mo LogMAR视力均明显优于术后1mo和术后12mo,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。手术前后使用抗青光眼药物的数量差异有统计学意义(t=11.131,P<0.05)。

结论：贝伐珠单抗玻璃体腔内注射联合复合式小梁切除术治疗NVG疗效确切。     

两种术式治疗难治性青光眼的疗效分析

目的：观察高聚焦超声睫状体成形术(UCP)和睫状体冷冻术治疗难治性青光眼的临床疗效。

方法：回顾性研究2018-01/10于我院就诊的难治性青光眼患者50例50眼,其中30眼实施UCP(UCP组),20眼实施睫状体冷冻术(冷冻组)。术后随访3mo,观察患者眼压,评估眼球疼痛等级和并发症发生情况。

结果：UCP组术后1d,1wk,1、3mo平均眼压分别为29.27±10.40、23.87±8.61、25.27±9.95、23.70±10.06mmHg,与术前眼压(43.97±10.39mmHg)相比显著降低(P<0.01); 冷冻组术后1d,1wk,1、3mo平均眼压分别为22.15±7.78、20.80±8.44、22.50±7.12、24.20±8.43mmHg,与术前眼压(47.30±8.53mmHg)相比显著降低(P<0.01)。UCP组术后1d,1wk,1、3mo的疼痛等级评分均较术前下降(P<0.05); 冷冻组术后1d与术前相比疼痛等级评分无差异(P>0.05),术后1wk,1、3mo患者的疼痛等级评分均较术前下降(P<0.05)。UCP组5眼(17%)出现轻微并发症,冷冻组16眼(80%)出现并发症。

结论：UCP能显著缓解难治性青光眼患者的疼痛,有效降低眼压,且术后副作用较小。     

超声睫状体成形术治疗难治性青光眼的疗效及安全性

目的：探讨超声睫状体成形术治疗难治性青光眼的安全性及临床有效性。

方法：前瞻性研究。收集2021-06/2022-10在我院就诊的难治性青光眼患者17例17眼,均行超声睫状体成形术治疗。随访6 mo,记录患者眼压、疼痛等级评分、降眼压药物使用、手术成功率以及并发症发生情况。

结果：术后1 d(32.54±13.21 mmHg)、1 wk(22.38±11.98 mmHg)、1 mo(22.63±10.78 mmHg)、3 mo(26.05±9.17 mmHg)、6 mo(23.73±9.60 mmHg),均较术前眼压(51.98±7.80 mmHg)下降(均P<0.01); 术后各时间节点眼压降低率依次为36.25%、57.10%、56.35%、49.16%、54.09%。术后疼痛等级评分较术前下降(P<0.01)。术后降眼压药物使用数量较术前减少(P=0.008)。术后6 mo时完全成功2眼(12%),部分成功11眼(65%),失败4眼(24%)。术后1 d发生前房炎性反应1眼(6%)、异物感2眼(12%)、结膜下出血2眼(12%)、结膜充血6眼(35%),所有症状均在1 wk内自行消失。术后10 d发生脉络膜脱离1眼(6%),经口服醋酸泼尼松片治疗1 mo后恢复。未见前房积血、瞳孔异位、虹膜黏连、黄斑水肿等严重并发症。

结论：超声睫状体成形术治疗难治性青光眼可有效降低眼压,减轻患者眼部疼痛症状,并具有良好的安全性。     

SMILE与FS-LASIK术后眼压和角膜生物力学指标的变化比较

目的：比较飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(small incision lenticule extraction,SMILE)、飞秒辅助LASIK术(FS-LASIK)两种手术方式术后眼压和角膜生物力学指标的变化。

方法：选取我院自愿接受SMILE手术101例202眼和FS-LASIK手术101例202眼近视患者,分别于术前、术后1mo应用眼反应分析仪(ocular response analyzer,ORA)检测角膜补偿眼压(corneal compensated intraocular pressure,IOPcc)、模拟Goldmann眼压(Goldmann correlated IOP value,IOPg)、角膜阻力因子(corneal resistance factor,CRF)、角膜滞后量(corneal hysteresis,CH)。比较术后1mo与术前测量值的差异,两组CRF、CH降低值的差异。

结果：术后1mo SMILE组IOPcc、IOPg分别为13.84±2.22、10.81±2.52mmHg,较术前16.15±2.90、15.95±3.08mmHg显著降低(t=-13.58、-32.91,均P<0.01)。CRF、CH术后测量值7.52±1.41、8.66±1.19mmHg较术前10.72±1.61、10.60±1.43mmHg显著降低(t=-41.21、-24.03,均P<0.01)。CRF、CH分别较术前降低3.19±1.10、1.93±1.14mmHg。FS-LASIK组术后1mo IOPcc、IOPg分别为13.99±2.33、10.10±2.55mmHg,较术前15.88±3.29、14.86±3.34mmHg显著降低(t=-10.09、-23.00,均P<0.01)。CRF、CH术后测量值6.68±1.14、7.90±1.27mmHg较术前9.93±1.85、9.98±1.60mmHg显著降低(t=-24.84、-18.90,均P<0.01)。CRF、CH分别较术前降低3.25±1.86、2.08±1.57mmHg。CRF、CH术后降低值SMILE 组显著小于FS-LASIK组(t=-0.351、-1.081,均P<0.01)。

结论：两种手术方式术后角膜生物力学和眼压测量值均较术前显著降低。CRF、CH术后降低值,SMILE 组显著低于FS-LASIK组。     

超声乳化联合房角分离治疗小梁切除术后眼压失控的PACG

目的：观察白内障超声乳化联合房角分离术治疗小梁切除术后眼压失控的原发性闭角型青光眼(PACG)的安全性及有效性。

方法：回顾性分析我院2015-06/2019-04收治的急性或慢性PACG行小梁切除术后眼压失控患者31例32眼,小梁切除病史3mo～12a,均合并不同程度白内障。均行白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入联合房角分离术。术后随访6mo,观察术前及术后1、3、6mo眼压、最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、中央前房深度、房角粘连性关闭(PAS)范围变化,术后6mo观察角膜内皮细胞计数、视网膜神经纤维层(RNFL)厚度,记录术中、术后并发症情况。

结果：本组患者术后1wk,1、3、6mo眼压(14.38±3.04、18.26±3.12、15.21±2.84、15.42±3.09mmHg)均较术前(36.52±12.26mmHg)大幅下降(P<0.01); 术后6mo BCVA(LogMAR)(0.241±0.148)较术前(0.678±0.297)提高(P<0.01); 术后1、3、6mo中央前房深度(4.18±0.22、4.21±0.24、4.16±0.25mm)较术前(1.45±0.25mm)加深(P<0.01)。术后前房角结构加宽,PAS范围减小,术后3mo后PAS范围未再增大。术后角膜内皮细胞计数(2126±412个/mm²)与术前(1938±495个/mm²)比较无差异(P>0.05)。术后平均及下、上、鼻、颞象限RNFL厚度(65.59±10.71、72.65±13.92、82.74±12.52、58.47±11.18、42.93±13.44μm)与术前(67.47±8.99、74.77±15.73、85.32±11.64、59.65±13.79、44.83±12.55μm)比较无差异(P>0.05)。术后角膜水肿7眼,前房炎性渗出3眼,经治疗均在7d内消退。无后囊破裂玻璃体溢出、虹膜损伤及恶性青光眼发生。3例3眼慢性PACG患者术后眼压持续在21～30mmHg,应用1～3种降眼压眼药后眼压控制在正常范围。

结论：白内障超声乳化联合房角分离治疗小梁切除术后眼压失控的PACG合并白内障是安全、有效的方法。     

Ahmed引流阀植入术治疗外伤性房角后退性青光眼的疗效

目的：探究Ahmed青光眼引流阀植入术对外伤性房角后退性青光眼患者视力、眼压及角膜内皮细胞密度的影响。

方法：本组探究对象选择2014-06/2016-06于我院治疗的33例35眼外伤性房角后退性青光眼患者,所有患者均运用Ahmed青光眼引流阀植入术治疗。现回顾性分析所有患者的病历资料,评价手术成功率; 通过非接触式眼压计测量治疗前、治疗1wk,1、3、6mo,1a后的眼压; 采用角膜内皮镜检测并计算治疗前、治疗1wk,1、3、6mo,1a后的角膜内皮细胞密度; 并比较术前、术后1a所有患眼的视力情况,随访、复诊,记录所有患者的并发症情况。

结果：患者35眼中手术绝对成功率为54%,相对成功率为40%,总成功率94%,失败率为6%; 手术前后无光感、光感、≤0.01、>0.01～0.10、>0.10～0.20眼数比较差异无统计学意义(Z=-0.132,P=0.362); 治疗前眼压43.43±3.65mmHg,术后1wk 13.50±2.54mmHg,术后1mo 15.93±2.61,术后6mo 16.00±2.18mmHg,术后1a 16.45±2.21mmHg,各时间点眼压比较差异具有统计学意义(F=887.82,P<0.05); 治疗后1wk,1、3、6mo,1a眼压较治疗前降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而治疗后各时间点两两比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗前、术后1wk,1、3、6mo,1a角膜内皮细胞密度分别为2443.35±343.12、2231.67±334.45、2065.47±336.45、2031.47±345.76、2001.72±337.18、1979.65±301.32个/mm²,各时间点角膜内皮细胞密度差异具有统计学意义(F=13.49,P<0.05),治疗后1wk,1、3、6mo,1a角膜内皮细胞密度较治疗前降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而治疗后各时间点两两比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后出现低眼压4例4眼,前房出血3例3眼,引流管口堵塞2例2眼,高眼压2例2眼,经简单干预治疗后迅速缓解。

结论：外伤性房角后退性青光眼采用Ahmed青光眼引流阀植入术能显著改善高眼压状态,能够保护残存视力,部分患者视力改善,并发症轻微且简单干预后缓解,但存在一定的术后角膜内皮细胞丢失现象。     

Outcome of Deep Lateral Wall Rim-Sparing Orbital Decompression in Thyroid-associated Orbitopathy: A New Technique and Results of a Case Series

Purpose: To describe a new technique for deep lateral (single) wall orbital decompression surgery, developed by Mr. Geoffrey Rose, for proptosis in patients with thyroid-associated orbitopathy and to analyse the results achieved in our series.

Methods: The study is an interventional, retrospective, non-comparative case series. Twenty-one eyes of seventeen patients underwent the described technique of deep lateral wall orbital decompression for thyroid-associated orbitopathy. All patients had controlled thyroid functions and underwent surgery for cosmetic rehabilitation, with analysis of the reduction in proptosis, changes in visual acuity and post-operative complications. The surgery involved removing the lateral orbital wall whilst preserving the lateral rim, the lateral wall being approached through a horizontal skin incision placed lateral to the lateral canthus. After reflecting the periosteum, most of the bone (deep lateral wall) between the skull base and inferior orbital fissure is removed.

Results: A mean reduction in proptosis of 4.81?mm ±1.23 (SD) (p?<?0.0001) with a median of 5.0?mm (range 3–7?mm) was achieved and the best-corrected visual acuity was maintained in all patients. There were no complications during surgery, and post-operative complications included worsening of pre-existing diplopia in one patient (6%) and transient cheek/temple numbness seen in three patients (18%).

Conclusions: This technique of deep lateral wall orbital decompression developed by Mr. Rose is a safe and effective procedure for patients with mild to moderate proptosis. It carries a low risk of morbidity and avoids complications associated with decompressing the floor and medial wall, including new onset of motility disorders.     

Characterization and Outcomes of Repeat Orbital Decompression for Thyroid-Associated Orbitopathy

Orbital decompression for thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO) is commonly performed for disfiguring proptosis, congestion, and optic neuropathy. Although one decompression typically achieves goals, a small percentage requires repeat decompression. We performed a 10-year retrospective chart review of all orbital decompressions for TAO at a single tertiary referral institution. Four-hundred and ninety-five orbits (330 patients) were decompressed for TAO, with 45 orbits (37 patients) requiring repeat decompression. We reviewed the repeat cases for indications, clinical activity scores, approach, walls decompressed, and outcomes. Nine percent of orbits required repeat decompression for proptosis (70%), optic neuropathy (25%) or congestion (45%). Sixty-four percent were for recurrence of disease, 36% were for suboptimal decompression. Three incisional approaches were used: lateral upper eyelid crease, inferior transconjunctival, and transcaruncular, with inferior transconjunctival being most common. Of the three walls removed, deep lateral, inferior, and medial, the deep lateral wall was most common (51%). A repeat lateral decompression was the most frequent pattern. Of 37 patients requiring repeat decompression, 40% had diplopia prior to repeat, and an additional 24% developed diplopia after the repeat. Whereas previous studies published by our group cited only 2.6% of deep lateral wall orbital decompressions leading to new-onset primary gaze diplopia, repeat orbital decompressions have a much higher rate of post-operative diplopia. The new onset primary gaze diplopia after repeat decompression group had a higher average preoperative CAS (3.3 vs. 2.4, p?p?=?0.04), more frequent medial wall decompressions (47% vs. 29%, p?=?0.33), and greater proptosis reduction (2.4 vs. 1.7?mm, p?=?0.24).     

Balanced orbital decompression combined with fat removal in Graves ophthalmopathy: do we really need to remove the third wall?

PURPOSE: To compare the reduction of proptosis and the incidence of new-onset diplopia after 3-wall (medial, lateral, and inferior) orbital decompression versus balanced medial and lateral wall decompression combined with orbital fat excision in patients with Graves ophthalmopathy. METHODS: Three-wall orbital decompression including medial, inferior, and lateral walls was performed in 13 eyes of 7 patients (group 1), and balanced medial and lateral wall decompression combined with fat removal was performed in 18 eyes of 11 patients (group 2). A transnasal endoscopic approach was used for medial wall removal. A lateral canthotomy incision combined with a short upper eyelid incision was used for extended lateral wall removal, and this was combined with an inferior conjunctival fornix incision when floor decompression was performed. RESULTS: The mean reduction of proptosis was 6.9+/-1.6 mm and 6.5+/-1.3 mm in the first and second groups, respectively; the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.37). After 3-wall decompression, 57.1% of the patients had permanent new-onset diplopia (group 1), whereas none of the patients had permanent postoperative diplopia after balanced medial and lateral wall decompression combined with fat removal (group 2). The difference in permanent new-onset postoperative diplopia between two groups was statistically significant (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Balanced medial and lateral wall decompression combined with orbital fat removal provides an effective reduction in proptosis and reduces the incidence of postoperative permanent diplopia when compared with 3-wall decompression. This technique may eliminate the need for orbital floor excision.     

超声乳化吸除术治疗Fuchs综合征并发白内障的疗效

目的:探讨超声乳化吸除术治疗Fuchs综合征并发白内障的临床效果.方法:分析在我院行超声乳化吸除术的Fuchs综合征并发白内障患者18例18眼,术中观察并发症的情况,术前及术后测量视力、眼压、角膜内皮细胞密度,术后观察眼内炎症反应程度、并发症等情况.结果:平均随访时间为9.8±3.3mo.术中唯一的并发症为周边虹膜出血(17%).最佳矫正视力(LogMAR)术前为0.98±0.85,术后6mo为0.08±0.14,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001).眼压术前为15.11±2.63mmHg,术后有2眼一过性高眼压,术后6mo为14.94±2.49mmHg,与术前相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).术后角膜内皮细胞丢失率为10%±6%.术后2眼出现轻度的瞳孔区纤维素样渗出,1眼囊袋收缩综合征以及4眼后发性白内障.结论:超声乳化吸除术治疗Fuchs综合征并发白内障安全有效、并发症少.     

Beveled osteotomy with lateral wall advancement and interpositional bone grafting for severe thyroid orbitopathy

PURPOSE: To present a new technique for orbital decompressions for patients with severe thyroid orbitopathy that minimizes complications while maximizing the amount of decompression. This method involves advancing the lateral orbital wall in such a way as to promote osseous union and minimize cosmetic deformities. METHODS: This paper represents a case series (42 eyes from 26 patients) of orbital decompressions for severe thyroid related orbitopathy. All patients were treated via a graded balanced orbital decompression with advancement of the lateral orbital wall with interpositional bone grafts. Preoperative and postoperative measurements were tabulated and statistically analyzed. RESULTS: All patients demonstrated significant improvement in proptosis with an average Hertel exophthalmometry reduction of 8 mm. In addition, 22 patient orbits with preoperative elevation of intraocular pressure demonstrated an average 7 mm Hg improvement in postoperative intraocular pressure. Seven patients required strabismus surgery postoperatively and no patient developed new onset strabismus after surgery. Of all patients, 54% demonstrated improvement of visual acuity of greater than 1 line and no patient experienced a decrease in visual acuity. Postoperative computed tomography scan demonstrated osseous union of the lateral wall after advancement with this new technique. No patient complained of a palpable deformity of the lateral orbital wall. CONCLUSIONS: The graded balanced orbital decompression with interpositional bone grafts effectively decompressed the orbit with significant improvement in final visual acuity, exophthalmometry measurements, and final intraocular pressure. In addition, this technique promotes osseous union with minimal cosmetic deformities.     

Graded orbital decompression based on severity of proptosis

OBJECTIVE: To study the results of orbital decompression based on the severity of preoperative proptosis. DESIGN: A retrospective noncomparative interventional case series. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-nine orbits in 23 patients with thyroid-related orbitopathy at a university-based referral center. INTERVENTION: Graded orbital decompression was performed in all patients based on the severity of preoperative exophthalmometry. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Exophthalmometry, visual acuity, margin-to-reflex distance, prism cover testing, and intraocular pressure. RESULTS: Mean proptosis reduction in all orbits was 6.4 +/- 2.7 mm (P < 0.01). In group 1 (preoperative exophthalmometry <22 mm), proptosis decreased with a mean of 4.8 +/- 1.3 mm (P < 0.01); mean proptosis reduction was 6.0 +/- 2.3 mm (P < 0.01) and 8.9 +/- 3.4 mm (P < 0.01) in group 2 (exophthalmometry between 22-25 mm) and group 3 (exophthalmometry >25 mm), respectively. In four of five eyes with compressive optic neuropathy there was an improvement of best-corrected visual acuity of 2 lines or more. Margin-to-reflex distance of the upper and lower lids and intraocular pressure were reduced in all groups. New-onset diplopia developed in two patients (8.7%); 13 of 15 patients (86.7%) who had diplopia preoperatively had persistent diplopia postoperatively. Two patients (13.3%) had relief of diplopia postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: Graded orbital decompression based on the severity of preoperative exophthalmometry is useful to determine the type and amount of orbital surgery to be performed.     

北部战区总医院军人眶壁骨折手术治疗的情况分析

目的：探讨军人发生眶壁骨折的临床特点与手术治疗效果。

方法：收集2015-01-01/2018-12-31因眶壁骨折就诊于我院行手术治疗的军人58例58眼, 术后随访6mo,统计人口学特征、致伤原因、骨折部位、手术前后视力、眼球运动、眼球突出度、手术相关情况等。

结果：眶壁骨折58例均为男性。年龄P₅₀ 为21岁,多发于20～29岁(78%)。45例(78%)在军事训练中致伤,拳击伤、外物撞击伤是主要致伤原因(74%)。单纯眶内壁、下壁以及二者联合骨折是临床常见的骨折形式(91%)。所有患者术后视力较术前未见明显改变,通过术后CT与术后随访相关临床资料,未发现植入物移位、感染及其他严重并发症,33例患者眼球运动障碍得到改善,7例患者颌面部知觉异常消失,3例眼球内陷得以矫正。

结论：年轻男性战士是军人眶壁骨折的主体人群,增强工作训练中的防护工作有重要意义,基层医院的基础诊治工作十分必要,手术修复治疗眶壁骨折具有显著治疗效果。     

眼眶脂肪减压术治疗甲状腺眼病的临床研究

目的 评价眼眶脂肪减压术治疗甲状腺相关眼病的疗效.方法 对10例(12只眼)、经眼睑皮肤和(或)结膜切口入路,切除肌肉圆锥内外的眼眶脂肪,1只眼经下睑睫毛下皮肤切口,在切除肌锥内,外脂肪后用高速磨头磨削眼眶下壁骨壁.结果 切除脂肪量1.9～3 ml,平均2.6ml.术后矫正眼球突出度2～3 mm,平均2.4mm.脂肪减压术联合眼眶骨壁磨削的患者出现了术眼眼球向下移位和向下注视时顽固性复视.其余患者未出现并发症.结论 眼眶脂肪减压术可以减轻眼球突出,是一项安全有效的手术方法,但减压效果有限.