维药两色金鸡菊花化学成分的分离与鉴定

目的研究维药两色金鸡菊花的化学成分,以期更好地开发利用金鸡菊。方法采用聚酰胺、Sephadex LH-20和ODS柱色谱等分离手段进行化学成分的分离纯化,根据理化性质及波谱数据鉴定其化学结构。结果从两色金鸡菊花醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取部分中分离得到8个化合物,分别鉴定为山柰酚-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(kaempferol-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,1)、3',4',7-三羟基黄酮-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(3',4',7-trihydroxyflavone-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,2)、槲皮素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(quercetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,3)、6,7,3',4'-四羟基橙酮(6,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyaurone,4)、3',5',5-三羟基二氢黄酮-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(3',5',5-trihydroxyflavanone-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,5)、紫铆花素-4'-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(butein-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,6)、奥卡宁(okanin,7)、马里苷(marein,8)。结论化合物1~5为首次从金鸡菊属植物中分离得到,化合物6为首次从该两色金鸡菊花中分离得到。     

黄连水提液化学成分的分离与鉴定

目的对黄连(Coptis chinensis Franch.)的化学成分进行研究。方法采用不同柱色谱技术进行分离,通过波谱手段确定化合物结构。结果分离鉴定了22个化合物,其中9个生物碱类化合物,分别为小檗碱(berberine,1)、巴马亭(palmatine,2)、黄连碱(coptisine,3)、表小檗碱(epiberber-ine,4)、药根碱(jatrorrhizine,5)、非洲防己碱(columbamine,6)、groenlandicine(7)、木兰花碱(mag-noflorine,8)、8-氧化黄连碱(8-oxocoptisine,9);9个有机酸类化合物,分别为5-阿魏酰奎宁酸(5-O-feruloyl-D-quinic acid,10)、4-阿魏酰奎宁酸(4-O-feruloyl-D-quinic acid,11)、3-甲氧基-4-羟基苯甲酸(3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzoic acid,12)、阿魏酸(ferulic acid,13)、香草酸-4-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(va-nillic acid-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,14)、3-(3',4'-二羟基苯基)-(2R)-乳酸-4'-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(3-(3',4'-dihydroxyphenyl)-(2R)-lactic acid-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,15)、3-(4'-羟基苯基)-(2R)-乳酸(3-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-(2R)-lactic acid,16)、3-(3',4'-二羟基苯基)-(2R)-乳酸(3-(3',4'-dihydroxyphenyl)-(2R)-lactic acid,17)、3-(3',4'-二羟基苯基)-(2R)-乳酸甲酯(3-(3',4'-di-hydroxyphenyl)-(2R)-lactic acid methyl ester,18);4个木脂素类化合物,分别为异落叶松树脂素-9-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(isolarisiresinol-9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,19)、(+)-松脂醇-4,4'-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷((+)-pinoresinol-4,4'-O-β-D-diglucopyranoside,20)、7S,8R,8'R-(+)-落叶松脂素-4,4'-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(7S,8R,8'R-(+)-larisiresnol-4,4'-O-β-D-diglucopyranoside,21)、7S,8R,8'R-(+)-落叶松脂素-4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(7S,8R,8'R-(+)-larisiresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,22)。结论化合物15、16、18-22为首次从黄连植物中分离得到,化合物16、18、19首次从黄连属植物中分离得到。     

唐古特大黄化学成分研究

目的研究唐古特大黄的化学成分。方法采用多种色谱技术进行分离纯化,应用质谱、核磁等技术确定化合物的结构。结果从唐古特大黄的根和根茎中分离得到β-谷甾醇、大黄酚、芦荟大黄素、大黄素甲醚、大黄酸、大黄素等20个化合物。结论 4′-羟基苯基-2-丁酮(9)、4′-羟基苯基-2-丁酮-4′-O-β-D-(2″-O-桂皮酰基-6″-O-没食子酰基)-葡萄糖苷(12)和4′-羟基苯基-2-丁酮-4′-O-β-D-(2″-O-没食子酰基-6″-O-(4″′-羟基)-桂皮酰基)-葡萄糖苷(13)为首次从该种植物中分离得到。     

辽细辛根及根茎化学成分的分离与鉴定

目的研究辽细辛干燥根及根茎的化学成分。方法运用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱、制备HPLC等分离手段进行化学成分的分离纯化,并通过波谱分析技术鉴定其化学结构。结果从辽细辛根及根茎中分离得到16个化合物,分别鉴定为1-O-对香豆酰基-β-D-木糖基-(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(1-O-p-coumaroyl-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyraboside,1)、1-O-阿魏酰基-β-D-木糖基-(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(1-O-feruloyl-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyraboside,2)、4,2',4',6'-四羟基查耳酮-2',4'-二-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(4,2',4',6'-tetrahydroxy-chalcone-2',4'-di-O-β-D-glucopyraboside,3)、柚皮素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(naringenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,4)、8-去甲氧基-马兜铃内酰胺N-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(8-desmethoxy-aristolactam-N-β-Dglucopyranoside,5)、(R)-(+)-5-(2,3-二羟丙基)-1,3-亚甲二氧基苯((R)-(+)-5-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)-1,3-benzodioxole,6)、3-甲基-6-羟基-8-甲氧基-3,4-二氢异香豆素(3-methyl-6-hydroxy-8-methoxy-3,4-dihydroisocoumarin,7)、(+)-7'-甲氧基落叶松树脂醇((+)-7'-methoxylariciresinol,8)、肉豆蔻醚(myristicin,9)、黄樟醚(safrole,10)、(-)细辛脂素((-)-asarinin,11)、5,7-二-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基柚皮素(5,7-di-O-β-D-glucopy-ranosyl-2(S)-naringenin,12)、甲基丁香酚(methyleugenol,13)、卡枯醇(kakuol,14)、2-甲氧基-4,5-亚甲二氧基苯丙酮(2-methoxyl-4,5-methylene-dioxypropiophenone,15)和β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,16)。结论化合物6、7和8为首次从细辛属植物中分离得到,化合物3和5为首次从辽细辛植物中分离得到。     

金莲花化学成分的分离与结构鉴定

目的研究金莲花(Trollius chinensis Bunge)中的化学成分。方法采用大孔吸附树脂、正相硅胶、ODS、Sephadex LH-20等柱色谱法和制备型高效液相色谱法等分离技术对金莲花体积分数为60%的乙醇溶液提取物进行分离、纯化,并通过化合物的理化性质与波谱特征鉴定其结构。结果从体积分数为60%的乙醇溶液提取物中分离并鉴定了10个化合物,分别为cirsimarin(1)、icariside B6(2)、(+)-(R)-腈甲基-3-羟基氧吲哚[(+)-(R)-cyanomethyl-3-hydroxyoxindole,3]、黑麦草内酯(loliolide,4)、腺嘌呤(adenine,5)、3,4-二羟基苯甲醛(3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde,6)、金合欢素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(acacetin-7-O-β-D-glucoside,7)、2"-O-(3',4'-二甲氧基苯甲酰基)牡荆苷[2"-O-(3',4'-dimethoxybenzoyl)vitexin,8]、pinoresinol-β-D-glucopyranoside(9)、芹菜素-8-C-(2"-O-阿魏酰基)-β-D-葡萄糖苷[apigenin-8-C-(2"-O-feruloyl)-β-D-glucoside,10]。结论化合物1-6为首次从金莲花属植物中分离得到。     

红背叶中酚酸类成分研究

为了研究红背叶的化学成分,采用硅胶、ODS、MCI以及Sephadex LH-20等柱色谱方法从红背叶根95%乙醇提取物中分离得到8个酚酸类成分,根据化合物的波谱数据分别鉴定为没食子酸-7-O-β-(6’-O-香草酰基)-葡萄糖苷(1)、没食子酸(2)、没食子酸乙酯(3)、丁香酸(4)、丁香酸葡萄糖苷(5)、3,5-二甲氧基-4-羟基苯甲酸-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(6)、3,4-二甲氧基苯酚-1-O-α-L-鼠李糖-(1→6)-β-D-葡萄糖苷(7)和3,4,5-三甲氧基苯酚-1-O-β-D-(6’-O-没食子酰基)-葡萄糖苷(8)。其中化合物1为新化合物,化合物4～8为首次从山麻杆属植物中分离得到,其余化合物为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

山楂核化学成分的分离与鉴定

目的研究阐明山楂(Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.)核的化学成分。方法采用硅胶柱色谱﹑Sephadex LH-20柱色谱﹑ODS柱色谱和制备HPLC等分离手段对山楂核化学成分进行分离,根据理化性质及波谱数据鉴定化学结构。结果从山楂核体积分数为70%乙醇提取物中分离得到4个化合物,分别鉴定为(2S,3R,4R)-4-[1-乙氧基-1-(4'-羟基-3'-甲氧基)苯基]甲基-2-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基)苯基-3-羟甲基四氢呋喃{(2S,3R,4R)-(4-[1-ethoxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy)phenyl]methyl-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy)phenyl-3-hydroxymethyl-tetrahydrofuran,1}、ssioriside(2)、2-(3',4'-二甲氧基苯基)-1,3-丙二醇-1-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷[2-(3',4'-dimethoxyphenyl)-1,3-propanediol-1-O-β-Dglucopyranoside,3)和4-O-(甘油-2-基)-二氢松柏醇1'-O-β-D-吡喃甘露糖苷[4-O-(glycer-2-yl)-dihydroconiferylalcohol-1'-O-β-D-mannopyranoside,4]。结论化合物1⁴为首次从山楂属植物中分离得到。     

维药蜀葵花化学成分的分离与鉴定(Ⅱ)

目的对维药蜀葵花(Althaea rosea(Linn.)Cavan.)的化学成分进行进一步的研究。方法采用正相硅胶、反相ODS、Sephadex LH-20等柱色谱及高效液相色谱手段进行分离纯化,并通过理化性质与波谱分析方法鉴定化合物的化学结构。结果从蜀葵花体积分数为95%的乙醇提取物中分离得到9个黄酮类单体成分,分别鉴定为槲皮素(quercetin,1)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,2)、槲皮素-3-O-(6″-O-反式对香豆酰基)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(quercetin-3-O-(6″-O-trans-p-coumaroyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside,3)、槲皮素-3-O-芸香糖苷(quercetin 3-O-rutinoside,4)、槲皮素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(quercetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,5)、槲皮素-4'-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(quercetin 4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,6)、槲皮素-3'-甲氧基-3-O-芸香糖苷(quercetin 3'-methoxy-3-O-β-D-rutinoside,7)、杨梅素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(myricetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,8)和芹菜素-4'-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(apigenin-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,9)。结论化合物3、7、9为首次从蜀葵属中分离得到,化合物6为首次从蜀葵花中分离得到。     

显脉羊蹄甲中酚酸类成分研究

为了研究显脉羊蹄甲中抗糖尿病活性成分,采用硅胶、ODS、MCI以及Sephadex LH-20等柱色谱方法从显脉羊蹄甲95%乙醇提取物中分离得到11个酚酸类成分,其结构经多种波谱技术鉴定为6'-O-没食子酰基葡萄糖异丙苷(1)、6'-O-没食子酰基葡萄糖乙苷(2)、3,4,5-三甲氧基苯酚-1-O-β-D-(6'-O-没食子酰基)吡喃葡萄糖苷(3)、3,4,5-三甲氧基苯酚葡萄糖苷(4)、没食子酸(5)、没食子酸甲酯(6)、没食子酸乙酯(7)、原儿茶酸(8)、3,5-二甲氧基-4-羟基苯甲酸(9)、erigeside C(10)和丁香酸葡萄糖苷(11)。化合物1为新化合物,化合物2、10和11为首次从羊蹄甲属植物中分离得到,其余化合物为首次从该植物中分离得到。化合物6和8对蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶1B(protein tyrosine phosphatase1B,PTP1B)显示较好的抑制活性,其IC50值分别为72.3和54.1μmol.L-1。     

西红花花瓣化学成分研究

采用硅胶、制备HPLC等柱色谱方法对鸢尾科植物西红花(Crocus sativus L.)花瓣的化学成分进行分离,通过NMR、MS等波谱技术鉴定化合物结构,分离鉴定了9个化合物,分别为:苯乙醇-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(1),苄醇-1-O-[6′-O-(S)-3′′-羟基-3′′-甲基戊二酸单酯]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(2),苯乙醇-1-O-[6′-O-(S)-3′′-羟基-3′′-甲基戊二酸单酯]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(3),4-羟基苯甲酸-4-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-1-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯苷(4),4-羟基苯甲酸-4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5),菠甾醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(6),山柰酚(7),山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(8),山柰酚-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(9).其中,化合物4为新化合物,化合物1～3,5～6均为首次从该植物中分离得到.体外活性初步评价了化合物1～9对皮质酮诱导PC12细胞损伤的保护作用,化合物2～5具有中等神经保护作用.     

Synthesis and evaluation of 2,6-piperidinedione derivatives as potentially novel compounds with analgesic and other CNS activities

New 2,6-piperidinediones 2_a–g and 4_a–d were prepared by initial condensation of aromatic aldehydes or cycloalkanones with cyanoacetamide to give α-cyanocinnamides l_a–g or cycloalkylidenes 3_a,b which underwent Michae1 addition with ethyl cyanoacetate or diethylmalonate. Compounds 4_a–d were alkylated by various alkyl halides to produce the N-alkylated 2,6-piperidinedione derivatives 5_a–m. Some new selected compounds 2_a–c,f, 4_a–d & 5_e,h,j were pharmacologically evaluated for potential anticonvulsant, sedative and analgesic activities. These compounds exhibited significant anticonvulsant and analgesic effects after a single I.P. administration 100 mg/kg b.wt. . On the other hand all the investigated compounds induced hypnotic activity and prolonged the phenobarbital sodium- induced sleep as compared with the control group and the most potent compound was found to be 2_f.     

鼻渊净胶囊的HPLC指纹图谱研究

目的 建立鼻渊净胶囊的高效液相色谱(HPLC)指纹图谱.方法 采用Agilent SB-C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,乙腈-水为流动相、以1.0 ml/min流速行梯度洗脱,检测波长210 nm,柱温30℃,洗脱时间为80 min.采用中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统(2004A版)对检测出色谱进行...     

NEURAMIDE STIMULATES ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN BUT NOT PROLACTIN RELEASE FROM RAT PITUITARY

Neuramide (NMD), a substance found in crude preparations of porcine stomach extract, is a viral inhibitor that also has putative immunostimulatory effects. The effects of NMD on stress-hormone (ACTH and prolactin—PRL) release were assessed inin vivoandin vitrostudies. In the former, blood levels of corticosterone and PRL were measured in NMD-treated male rats.In vitroexperiments were performed to evaluate the effects of NMD and three of its fractions (obtained with high performance liquid chromatography) on ACTH and PRL release from perfused rat pituitary slices. NMD increased plasma corticosterone levelsin vivoand produced dose-dependent increases inin vitropituitary release of ACTH. No effects on PRL secretion were observedin vivoorin vitro. The stimulatory effects on ACTH release were caused by the NMD fraction with a molecular weight of >5000<10000Da.     

EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL SUCCESSIVE DOSE INCREASES ON PLATELET AGGREGATION IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS

Policosanol is a cholesterol-lowering drug with hypocholesterolemic effects demonstrated in experimental models, healthy volunteers and type II hypercholesterolemic patients. In addition, antiplatelet effects of policosanol have been shown in experimental models and healthy volunteers. The effect of successively increasing doses of policosanol on platelet aggregation was investigated in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study conducted in 37 healthy volunteers. The volunteers were on a placebo-baseline period (two tablets per day) for 7 days and thereafter they received randomly, under double-blind conditions, placebo or policosanol (10mgday⁻¹) for 7 days. After this period dosage was doubled to 20mgday⁻¹for the next 7 days and then again doubled to 40mgday⁻¹, while the control group received placebo tablets all the time. Platelet aggregation as well as coagulation time was measured at baseline and after each dosing step. Results showed that antiplatelet effects of policosanol were successfully enhanced throughout the study, thus suggesting a dose-dependent relationship. No significant effect was reached during the first dosing period, but significant reductions of epinephrine and ADP-induced platelet aggregation were observed after the second one. Finally, a significant inhibition of platelet aggregation induced by all the agonists was observed at the last dosing step. Coagulation time remained unchanged during the trial.     

Investigation of the prevalence of tetQ, tetX and tetX1 genes in Bacteroides strains with elevated tigecycline minimum inhibitory concentrations

In this study, the antibiotic susceptibilities to tigecycline and tetracycline of 35 selected Bacteroides fragilis group strains were determined by Etest, and the presence of tetQ, tetX, tetX1 and ermF genes was investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). tetQ was detected in all 12 B. fragilis group isolates (100%) exhibiting elevated tigecycline minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) (≥8 μg/mL) as well as the 8 strains (100%) with a tigecycline MIC of 4 μg/mL, whilst tetX and tetX1 were present in 15% and 75% of these strains, respectively. All of these strains were fully resistant to tetracycline (MIC ≥ 16 μg/mL). On the other hand, amongst the group of strains with tigecycline MICs < 4 μg/mL (15 isolates), tetQ, tetX and tetX1 were found less frequently (73.3%, 13.3% and 46.7%, respectively). All but two strains harbouring the tetQ gene in this group were non-susceptible to tetracycline, with a MIC > 4 μg/mL. These data suggest that in most cases tigecycline overcomes the tetracycline resistance mechanisms frequently observed in Bacteroides strains. However, the presence of tetX and tetX1 genes in some of the strains exhibiting elevated MICs for tigecycline draws attention to the possible development and spread of resistance to this antibiotic agent amongst Bacteroides strains. The common occurrence of ermF, tetX, tetX1 and tetQ genes together predicted the presence of the CTnDOT-like Bacteroides conjugative transposon in this collection of Bacteroides strains.     

INDIRECT PARASYMPATHOMIMETIC ACTIVITY OF THE CLASS III ANTIARRHYTHMIC SUBSTANCE / -SOTALOLIN VITRO: REVERSIBLE INHIBITION OF CHOLINESTERASE ISOENZYMES FROM BLOOD AND THE HUMAN CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

Inhibitory effects of the class III antiarrhythmic compound / -sotalol on acetylcholinesterase (AChE; EC 3.1.1.7) isoenzymes of both erythrocytes and the human caudate nucleus and on serum cholinesterase (ChE; EC 3.1.1.8) were studiedin vitrousing a spectrophotometric kinetic assay with acetylthiocholine (ASCh) as substrate. Sotalol concentrations in the assays varied from 0.32 to 3.2m . All isoenzymes studied were inhibited by / -sotalol in a reversible and concentration-dependent manner. Double reciprocal plots of the reaction velocity against varying ASCh concentrations revealed that / -sotalol reduced substrate affinity (apparent Michaelis constant, KM, increased) of serum ChE, but did not change the enzyme's maximal rate of ASCh hydrolysis (V_max). Thus, / -sotalol inhibition of serum ChE was of the competitive type (rate constant for reversible competitive inhibition: K_i=0.51m ). In contrast, / sotalol reduced the maximal reaction velocity of the AChE isoenzyme from the central nervous system (caudate nucleus), but had no influence on substrate affinity of the enzyme (K_Mwith ASCh unchanged) indicating purely non-competitive inhibition kinetics (rate constant of reversible non-competitive inhibition: K_i′=0.44m ). / -sotalol inhibition of erythrocyte AChE was of mixed competitive/non-competitive type (K_i=0.31m , K_i′=0.49m ). Non-competitive / -sotalol inhibition of caudate nucleus AChE and the non-competitive component of erythrocyte AChE inhibition cannot be overcome by increased concentrations of the cholinergic transmitter acetylcholine (ACh). Peak / -sotalol plasma levels as described in the literature for both humans (15μ ) and experimental animals (dogs: 18μ ; rats: 260μ ) as well as maximal myocardial concentrations of the substance (dogs: 46μ ; rats: 478μ ) are in the range of about 2% to 100% of the sotalol inhibition rate constants determined in the present paper for cholinesterase isoenzymesin vitro. Thus, / -sotalol inhibition of ACh hydrolysisin vivomay contribute to both the well known antiarrhythmic potential and proarrhythmic side effects of the compound.     

AMELIORIATION OF CHEMICALLY-INDUCED HEPATOCYTE INJURY BY CYCLOSPORINE A

Cyclosporine A, beside its current applications, possesses potential hepatoprotective effects. This study was directed to investigate the effect of Cyclosporine A pretreatment on hepatic injury due to carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) and -galactosamine. Rats were injected by two successive doses of Cyclosporine A (5mgkg⁻¹day⁻¹). Six hours after the second dose, 1mlkg⁻¹of CCl₄was administered i.p. Effects associated with Cyclosporine A pretreatment were examined by using isolated hepatocytes and hepatocytes that were immobilized and continuously perfused. -Galactosamine (5m ) was added directly to the perfusion medium. After isolation, hepatocytes were examined histologically by light and electron microscopy, immobilized and perfused for further metabolic functional activity evaluation. Cyclosporine A pretreatmentin vivoproduced hepatoameliorative effects of various degrees which were statistically significant as manifested by: (1) an increased trypan blue exclusion after CCl₄; (2) an improved ureagenesis after CCl₄; (3) a reduction in the lipid droplets accumulation in the cytoplasm produced by CCl₄administration; (4) well preserved cytoplasmic organelles as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum ER, nuclear chromatin structures that were altered by CCl₄; and (5) an increased hepatocytes survival in the agarose gel matrix, reduction of LD leakage and improvement of ureagenesis after -galactosamine addition to the perfusion medium. The beneficial effect of Cyclosporine A pretreatment in modifying hepatotoxicity of chemical insults merits further studies.     

喙果黑面神化学成分研究

目的研究大戟科植物喙果黑面神(Breynia rostrata Merr.)的化学成分。方法利用硅胶、凝胶等色谱技术分离纯化化学成分,根据化合物的理化性质和光谱数据进行结构鉴定。结果从喙果黑面神的正丁醇萃取部分分离得到4个化合物,分别鉴定为6-O-甲基丙酰基-α-D-吡喃葡糖(6-O-methylpropanoyl-α-D-glucopyranose,1);4″-苯酚基-6-O-甲基丙酰基-β-D-吡喃葡糖苷(4″-phenolic-6-O-methylpropanoyl-β-D-glucopyranoside,2);1-O-没食子酰基-β-D-吡喃葡糖苷(1-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranoside,3);熊果苷(arbutin,4)。结论化合物1和2为新化合物,3和4均为首次从该种植物分离得到。     

EFFECTS OF 2-GUANIDINE-4-METHYLQUINAZOLINE ON GASTRIC ACID SECRETION IN RATS

In this study 2-guanidine-4-methylquinazoline (2-GMQ) appeared to decrease basal and stimulated gastric acid secretion, while structurally related compounds as dimethyl- biguanide, cyanoguanidine and 2-cyanoamino-4-methylpyrymidine did not. Thus, there is an antisecretory effect when the biguanide group is associated with a lipophilic structure. The antisecretive effects exerted by 2-GMQ are associated with anti H₂-histamine activity.The anti H₂-histamine nature of the effects of 2-GMQ was confirmed by the capacity of this compound of depressing the chronotropic activity of the isolated guinea pig auricle increased by histamine, as well as relaxant activity in rat uterus contracted by histamine, since both preparations are rich in H₂-histamine receptors.     

栝楼不同药用部位质量控制的研究进展

瓜蒌子、瓜蒌皮、瓜蒌、天花粉来源于栝楼的不同药用部位,4味药材均为常用的大宗药材,现行版《中国药典》对其制定的质量标准过于简单,无法科学合理地控制其质量。本文对瓜蒌子、瓜蒌皮、瓜蒌、天花粉安全性和有效组分的研究进行综述,明确了相关研究存在的问题并针对问题提出建议,为科学全面的药材及饮片标准的制定提供参考依据。