探讨新生儿重症高胆红素血症临床风险评估模型的建立

目的探讨新生儿重症高胆红素血症临床风险评估模型的建立途径。方法完整收集756例新生儿的临床资料予以回顾性分析研究,资料收集时间为2016年6月~2017年6月。利用临床危险因素结合出院前胆红素水平的方式对新生儿发生重症高胆红素血症的风险进行评估,并利用ROC曲线对模型的预测效果进行检验。结果 756例新生儿中有59例新生儿出现重症高胆红素血症,疾病发生率为7.80%。危险因素包括主要危险因素(胎龄35~36周、出院前胆红素百分位数P95、头颅血肿范围3 cm×3 cm、出生3 d体重下降l0%×总体重以上)和次要危险因素(胎龄37周、皮下淤血、混合喂养、胎龄40周及以上、出院前胆红素百分位数为P76~P95)。利用ROC曲线对风险评估模型的临床预测效果进行评估,相应的评估结果显示,该模型对应的ROC曲线下面积为0.735,提示模型具有良好的风险预测效果。结论利用临床危险因素结合出院前胆红素水平的方式对新生儿发生重症高胆红素血症的风险情况进行评价模型建立和风险预测切实可行,模型预测准确性良好。     

常州地区新生儿出生后经皮胆红素水平及对高胆红素血症风险的预测

目的预测新生儿出院后发生高胆红素血症的风险。方法选择2010年1―12月南京医科大学附属常州妇幼保健院出生的母婴同室中胎龄≥35周且出生体重≥2000g的健康近足月和足月新生儿1989例,测定其出生1周内经皮胆红素(TcB)水平。出生后168h对应最高危区域的TcB测定值作为预测指标,以小时为单位的TcB曲线图将出院前的TcB测定值转换至"危险区域",根据受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)分析TcB百分位列线图预测高胆红素血症的发生风险。结果 TcB的平均峰值为(169.3±32.5)μmol/L,其中,P40、P75和P95的TcB值分别为164.2、191.5和218.9μmol/L;TcB≥220.6μmol/L占7.6%(152/1989)。TcB值随出生小时数的推移迅速升高,但变化幅度的差异并无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。新生儿不同季度和出生后不同时间点的P95TcB值的差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为44.8和39.0,P值均<0.05)。高危区域的高胆红素血症患病率为26.6%(38/143),中高危区域为10.6%(64/603),低危区域出院后无1例新生儿的TcB值升至中高危及高危区域。出院后随访无1例患儿发生胆红素脑病。胎龄和新生儿出院前TcB值相结合预测高胆红素血症发生风险的ROC曲线下面积为0.8804(95%CI为0.8491～0.9117),小于单纯以小时TcB水平预测的0.8826(95%CI为0.8517～0.9134,P<0.05)。结论出院前对新生儿进行高胆红素血症风险评估,对及时发现和预防新生儿高胆红素血症和胆红素脑病至关重要。     

新生儿高胆红素血症相关影响因素分析

目的探讨新生儿高胆红素血症的相关影响因素,为临床预防及治疗新生儿高胆红素血症治疗提供理论依据。方法对2011年1月—2012年1月新疆医科大学第一附属医院5 023例新生儿(产科新生儿4 442例及新生儿科高胆红素血症病例581例)临床资料进行回顾性及描述性分析,采用Logistic回归分析其影响因素。结果(1)单因素分析显示:民族、胎龄、出生体质量、胎膜早破、头颅血肿、喂养方式、缺氧、产前抗生素应用、母子血型不合、开奶时间、胎便排出时间、同胞中有高胆红素血症12项为影响因素。(2)Logistic回归分析显示:缺氧、产前抗生素使用、胎便排出时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);民族、胎龄、出生体质量为新生儿高胆红素血症保护性因素;胎膜早破、头颅血肿、喂养方式、母子血型不合、开奶时间、同胞中有高胆红素血症为新生儿高胆红素血症危险因素(P<0.05)。(3)多元Logistic回归分析显示:胎龄和出生体质量为新生儿高胆红素血症保护性因素(P<0.05),母子血型不合、开奶时间、同胞中高胆红素血症、胎膜早破为其病情严重程度的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论新生儿高胆红素血症与多种相关因素有关,应根据相关危险因素制定诊治方案,积极预防感染,重视产前相关检查及产后胆红素监测,降低高胆红素血症发病率,减少高胆红素血症对新生儿生长发育的影响。     

新生儿高胆红素血症相关影响因素分析

目的探讨新生儿高胆红素血症相关影响因素。方法分析2013年8月~2014年10月滨州医学院烟台附属医院(以下简称"我院")高胆红素血症患儿126例(高胆红素血症组)的临床资料,同时选取同期我院非高胆红素血症的新生儿100例作为对照组。观察两组研究对象高胆红素血症的影响因素,性别、胎龄、平均日龄、出生体重、羊水污染、胎膜早破、头颅血肿、分娩方式、喂养方式、缺氧、产妇妊娠糖尿病、产妇妊娠高血压、高龄初产、产前抗生素应用、母子血型不合、开奶时间、排便排出时间。针对两组研究对象高胆红素血症的影响因素中有统计学差异的因素进行Logistic回归分析。结果两组研究对象平均日龄比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组研究对象胎龄、出生体重、胎膜早破、头颅血肿、喂养方式、缺氧、母子血型不合、开奶时间、胎便排出时间比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。通过Logistic回归分析,胎龄、出生体重、胎膜早破、头颅血肿、喂养方式、缺氧、母子血型不合、开奶时间、胎便排出时间是新生儿高胆红素血症影响因素,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论新生儿高胆红素血症相关影响因素分析可以为临床护理提供可靠的理论依据,为有效地防治新生儿高胆红素血症奠定基础。     

新生儿经皮胆红素测定398例临床观察

目的:探讨经皮黄疸仪对早期新生儿黄疸动态观测的意义。方法:本院产科2005年1月～2007年3月出生的新生儿,采用JH-lA型经皮黄疸仪连续监测5 d。结果:早产、顺产儿及母乳喂养新生儿TCB值均高于足月儿、剖宫产及配方奶喂养的新生儿。结论:经皮肤测得的胆红素值与血清总胆红素水平呈高度相关,为及时动态地观察新生儿黄疸的变化,早期预防治疗高胆红素血症,具有一定的临床应用价值。     

新生儿经皮胆红素测定398例临床观察

目的：探讨经皮黄疸仪对早期新生儿黄疸动态观测的意义。方法：本院产科2005年1月～2007年3月出生的新生儿,采用JH-lA型经皮黄疸仪连续监测5 d。结果：早产、顺产儿及母乳喂养新生儿TCB值均高于足月儿、剖宫产及配方奶喂养的新生儿。结论：经皮肤测得的胆红素值与血清总胆红素水平呈高度相关,为及时动态地观察新生儿黄疸的变化,早期预防治疗高胆红素血症,具有一定的临床应用价值。     

新生儿经皮测黄疸515例结果分析

目的探讨经皮黄疸仪对早期新生儿黄疸动态观测的意义。方法延吉市医院儿科于2009年3～10月对产科出生的不同喂养方式的新生儿515例采用JH20-IB型经皮黄疸仪连续监测5d。结果母乳喂养新生儿胆红素值(TCB)均高于配方奶喂养和人工喂养的新生儿。结论经皮肤测定的TCB可及时动态地观察新生儿黄疸的变化,对早期识别和预防高胆红素血症具有临床应用价值。     

新生儿高胆红素血症相关因素的临床分析

目的分析新生儿高胆红素血症发生的相关因素,以利及早预防、及时治疗,减少新生儿高胆红素血症的发生。方法用经皮测黄疸仪JH20-IA动态观察2008年1月～2009年6月出生的新生儿2000例,分析新生儿高胆红素血症的发生与分娩方式、出生胎龄和母亲产前使用催产素的关系。结果顺产分娩比剖宫产、产钳助产所生的新生儿胆红素低,早产儿及产前使用催产素者发病率高。结论高胆红素血症的发生受多种因素影响,包括分娩方式、出生胎龄、喂养方式及产前使用催产素等。     

经皮胆红素测定仪测定新生儿胆红素216例报告

采用minolta经皮胆红素仅(TCBM)测定1—7天足月新生儿216例,测定部位选择在前额。首先随机抽样对30例出生3—7天的新生儿采用直接测定方法测定血清总胆红素的浓度,经统计学处理后制定参考曲线。血清总胆红素与TCB二者间呈线性相关。216例新生儿经TCBM监测无一例延误诊断、治疗。出生后1—5天TCB指数与血清胆红素值测定结果:正常组新生儿血清胆红素值及TCB指数于第三天上升,第五天下降。而黄疸组第三天明显上升,第五天仍继续上升。TCBM是一种非创伤性测定新生儿胆红素的新技术,操作简单结果可靠,可作为新生儿高胆红素血症筛选诊断方法。     

出生后24h检测胆红素对新生儿黄疸的预测意义

目的:探讨出生后24 h检测胆红素对新生儿黄疸的预测意义。方法:选取118例新生儿,分别于出生后24、48及72 h检测新生儿血清中胆红素水平。结果:新生儿出生后24、48及72 h血清中胆红素水平分别为(94.5±25.6)、(176.5±42.1)及(230.1±42.3)μmol/L,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01);新生儿出生后24 h血清中胆红素水平越高,发生病理性黄疸的概率越高(P0.01)。结论:出生后24 h检测胆红素水平,可预测新生儿病理性黄疸的发生率,使患儿得到适时的诊断和治疗,对降低病理性黄疸的发生以及预防胆红素脑病有重要的临床意义。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.