手术前降低体重对胃癌患者生存状况影响的研究

目的 探讨手术前降低体重对胃癌患者生存状况的影响,为其临床研究提供可参考依据.方法 共纳入160例海南省农垦三亚医院诊断为胃癌患者作为观察对象,根据其体质量指数(BMI)降低情况分为无降低组(降低＜1.0％)、轻度降低组(10.0％＞降低≥1.0％)和重度降低组(BMI降低≥10.0％).所有患者均行胃癌切除术治疗,分析不同体重降低患者的临床特征,并比较体重降低对胃癌患者生存状况的影响.结果 160例胃癌患者中体重无降低组33例,占20.6％;轻度降低组87例,占54.4％;重度降低组40例,占25.0％.重度降低组患者肿瘤最大、直径最长,且TNM分期更晚,与无降低组及轻度降低组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).重度降低组患者躯体功能、心理功能、社会功能、共性症状与副作用(不良反应)及总体生活质量得分均低于无降低组与轻度降低组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).重度降低组术后第1年和第2年生存率均明显低于无降低组与轻度降低组,且轻度降低组术后第1年和第2年生存率均明显低于无降低组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).有淋巴结转移患者生存率明显低于无淋巴结转移患者,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);重度降低组有淋巴结转移与无淋巴结转移的生存率均低于无降低组与轻度降低组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 术前BMI下降对胃癌患者术后生活质量及生存情况有明显影响,尤其是BMI下降＞10.0％的患者,其生活质量及生存率下降更明显.     

体质量指数与胃腺癌根治术后预后相关性研究

目的：探讨体质量指数对可切除胃癌根治术后患者预后的影响。方法：选取Ⅰ～Ⅲ期胃癌根治术后患者107例,记录患者的性别、年龄,T分期,N分期,肿瘤位置,病理Laurren分型,切除范围,切缘状态,组织学分级和淋巴结清扫范围等指标,计算体质量指数（BM1）,根据BMI分为低体重组、正常组、超重组。采用Kaplan-Meier法和Log-rank检验,比较各组生存时间,采用Cox比例风险模型分析影响患者生存时间的因素。结果：107例胃癌术后患者估计总生存时间均值为35.5月,估计总中位生存时间为33.4个月,低体重组、正常组、超重组估计生存时间均值分别为30.5月、35.0月、38.9月,估计中位生存时间分别为31.0月、33.5月、37.8月,差异有统计学意义（P=0.038）。BMI、T分期、N分期、淋巴结清扫范围、Laurren分型、手术切缘状态、组织学分级均为患者预后的独立危险因素（P＜0.05）。结论：BMI与胃癌根治术后预后有关,是独立的预后因素。     

外科治疗Ⅲ期食管癌患者的生存状况研究

探讨外科治疗Ⅲ期食管癌患者的生存状况。方法回顾性分析96 例食管癌患者的临床资料,根据随访结果,统计Ⅲ期食管癌患者的1、3 及5 年生存率,并根据患者5 年生存状况将患者分为生存组和死亡组,比较两组患者的性别、年龄、手术方式、肿瘤直径、病理类型、是否合并慢性疾病、病理残端切除方式、是否淋巴结转移、是否合并脉管瘤栓、T分期、N分期、TMN分期及术后辅助治疗方式,确定手术治疗食管癌患者5 年生存率的相关影响因素和独立影响因素,并进一步确定不同术后辅助治疗方式患者的5年生存率。结果96例患者1 年生存率74.0%（71/96）,3 年生存率33.3%（32/96）,5 年生存率为26.0%（25/96）,患者平均生存时间为24.1 个月;确定手术方式、肿瘤部位、N 分期、TMN 分期及术后辅助治疗方式为外科治疗Ⅲ期食管癌患者的5年生存率的相关影响因素;确定TMN分期、术后辅助治疗方式为外科治疗Ⅲ期食管癌患者5 年生存率的独立影响因素;Ⅲa 患者术后接受不同辅助治疗5 年生存率的差异具有统计学意义,Ⅲb 和Ⅲc患者术后接受不同辅助治疗5 年生存率的差异无统计学意义。结论TMN分期、术后辅助治疗方式为外科治疗Ⅲ期食管癌患者5年生存率的独立影响因素。对于临床分期越晚的患者,5 年生存率越低,术后放化疗可以有效的提升患者的生存状况。     

食管癌患者术前血清CRP水平与预后的关系

目的探讨术前血清C-反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)水平在食管癌患者预后评估中的作用。方法检测120例食管癌患者术前CRP水平,分析术前CRP水平、患者临床病理特征及预后之间的关系。结果 CRP水平与TNM分期、T分期、N分期相关。不同年龄、性别、肿瘤部位、病理类型的食管癌患者术前血清CRP水平差异无统计学意义。以CRP浓度5 mg/L为分界点分为CRP正常组和CRP升高组,单因素生存分析示病理类型、TNM分期、T分期、N分期及术前CRP是预后危险因素。血清CRP水平升高者和血清CRP正常者术后5年生存率分别为43%和16%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素生存分析示病理类型、T分期、术前CRP是预后的独立危险因素。CRP升高组和正常组的预后风险比(HR)为2.765,95%CI为(1.713,4.465)。结论食管癌患者术前血清CRP水平升高是预后的独立危险因素。     

术前体质指数对肝细胞癌根治性切除术预后的影响

目的：探讨术前体质指数（ BMI）对肝细胞癌根治性切除术预后的影响,为判断肝癌根治术预后提供参考。方法以标准BMI为界,将362例患者分为3组,低BMI组BMI＜18．5 kg／m2、标准BMI组BMI 18．5～25 kg／m2、高BMI组BMI≥25 kg／m2,比较3组患者的无复发生存率和累计生存率。结果经PSM匹配前不同BMI组肝癌患者的无复发和累计生存率差异均无统计学意义,经倾向得分匹配法（ PSM）匹配后,低BMI组与标准BMI组累计生存率差异无统计学意义（ P＝0．447）,无瘤生存率差异无统计学意义（ P＝0．874）;低BMI组与高BMI组,累计生存率差异无统计学意义（P＝0．351）,无瘤生存率差异无统计学意义（P＝0．921）;高BMI组与标准BMI组,累计生存率差异无统计学意义（P＝0．536）,无瘤生存率差异无统计学意义（P＝0．380）。肝细胞癌患者术后的影响因素主要为肿瘤的大小和个数以及 AFP值的高低。结论患者术前的BMI值对肝癌患者的预后没有影响。     

腹部内脏脂肪面积对根治性胃癌切除术后患者预后诊断价值

【摘要】 目的 探讨腹部内脏脂肪面积在评估根治性胃癌切除术后患者预后的诊断价值。方法 收集2015年1月～2016年12月期间在我院诊断为胃癌并行根治性手术切除患者263例,计算第三腰椎层面内腹部内脏脂肪的总面积（visceral fat area, VFA）。根据体质指数（Body Mass Index, BMI）分为高BMI组（66例）和BMI正常组（197例）,根据内脏脂肪面积将患者分为高VFA组（121例）和低VFA组（142例）。比较不同组别患者一般临床病理资料、术后近期及远期疗效,使用单因素及多因素分析影响患者预后的危险因素。 结果 高BMI组较BMI正常组高血压及糖尿病病例多、手术时间长、术中出血量多、行腹腔镜手术患者少（P＜0.05）,在肿瘤大小、分期、分化程度及总体预后与BMI正常组比较差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。高VFA组与低VFA组高血压病例、肿瘤最大直径、肿瘤分期、手术时间、手术出血量、术后检出淋巴结数目、术后发生IIIA级及以上并发症人数、行腹腔镜手术患者、术后总体生存时间相比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;患者总体生存情况单因素分析发现肿瘤T分期、N分期、是否有脉管癌栓侵犯、肿瘤大小、肿瘤TNM分期及VFA是根治胃癌切除术后患者预后的危险因素;多因素分析发现T分期、N分期、肿瘤大小是根治胃癌切除术后患者预后的危险因素。结论 高腹部内脏脂肪面积是胃癌患者术后不良预后的危险因素之一,可作为根治性胃癌切除术后患者预后的评估指标。     

深圳市孕妇孕期体重管理模式探讨

目的 探讨深圳市孕妇妊娠期适宜体重增长范围.方法 选择2011年9月～2013年2月在深圳市人民医进行正规产前检查并分娩的3008例足月单胎孕妇为研究对象.根据孕前体重指数（BMI）将研究对象分为低体重组（BMI＜18.5 kg/m2）679例,正常体重组（BMI 18.5～23.9 kg/m2）2003例,超重组（BMI＞23.9～27.9 kg/m2）278例,肥胖组（BMI＞27.9 kg/m2）48例.分析各组正常出生体重儿和巨大儿母亲的孕期增重,并计算新生儿出生体重在2900～3499 9产妇的孕期平均增重,作为各孕前BMI组孕期适宜的体重增长.结果 超重组和肥胖组巨大儿的发生率明显高于低体重组和正常体重组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;低体重组、正常体重组及超重组中分娩巨大儿的孕妇孕期平均增重明显高于分娩正常出生体重儿的孕妇,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.各组孕妇孕期平均体重增长和适宜增重范围：低体重组12.00～18.00kg,平均（15.06±4.52）kg;正常体重组12.00～17.50 kg,平均（15.05±4.20）kg;超重组9.00～15.00kg,平均（12.39±5.17）kg;肥胖组9.00～14.50 kg,平均（12.17±5.09）kg.结论 推荐在深圳地区孕前低体重组和正常体重组的单胎足月妊娠妇女孕期平均体重增长为15 kg左右,适宜增重范围为12.00～18.00kg.     

孕妇不同体质量指数对新生儿体重的影响及其适宜增重范围的探讨

目的：探讨孕妇不同体质量指数（ BMI）对新生儿体重的影响极其适宜增重范围。方法：选择2013年1月至12月产检、分娩的897例孕妇,收集一般资料、孕前体格资料、孕期资料及新生儿资料等,根据孕妇BMI分级、新生儿体重分级分组,统计适宜孕期增重范围。结果：孕前BMI与孕期增重、新生儿体重：不同孕前BMI孕妇的孕期增重、新生儿体重分级比较,差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）,其中高BMI组明显少于低、正常BMI组,差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）;低BMI组的低出生体重儿明显多于正常、高BMI组,高BMI组的正常出生体重儿明显少于低、正常BMI组;三组巨大儿发生率随孕前BMI增加而明显上升,差异均有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。孕期适宜增重范围：低、正常、高BMI组的孕期适宜增重范围为13．0～18．0kg、12．0～16．5kg、8．0～13．5kg。孕期增重值分级与新生儿体重：不同孕期增重值分级的新生儿体重比较,差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）,其中增长过多组的巨大儿比较明显高于增长不足、正常组;增长不足组的低出生体重儿比例高于增长正常、过多组;增长不足、正常组的正常出生体重儿比例明显高于增长过多组,差异均有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。结论：明确适合我国妊娠健康的孕妇孕期增重范围,可为备孕、孕期妇女实施健康教育及临床指导提供依据,以降低不良妊娠结局（如低出生体重儿、巨大儿）发生率。     

家庭肠内营养支持对食管癌患者术后体重管理的作用研究

目的：研究足量家庭肠内营养支持对食管癌术后管饲患者的BMI、营养不良发生率、术后体重下降及营养指标的影响,以及评价该方法的效果。方法：对照组：选取我院2018年1月-2018年12月常规术后家庭肠内营养宣教的食管癌管饲患者136例为对照组,干预组：选取我院2019年1月-2019年12月常规术后家庭肠内营养宣教+营养食谱干预的食管癌管饲患者146例作为干预组。研究对象均为家庭肠内营养管饲患者。比较两组患者在营养干预前后体重、BMI、营养不良发生率、体重丢失情况及营养指标的变化。结果：出院时,对照组和干预组在体重、BMI和营养不良发生率的比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,但营养指标中总蛋白、白蛋白、淋巴细胞低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。在营养干预3周后,干预组体重、BMI与对照组相比差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;营养不良发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;干预组与对照组相比,3周后体重丢失和BMI变化值均降低,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.001）;营养指标相比,干预组总蛋白、前白蛋白均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,干预组白蛋白略微升高,但差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论：个体化的肠内营养能够为食管癌术后管饲患者提供足够的营养支持,可以明显预防术后体重丢失,降低术后营养不良发生风险,改善术后营养状况。     

体重指数与腹部手术后并发症关系的探讨

目的 探讨体重指数（BMI）与腹部手术并发症的关系.方法 2003年2月至2006年3月我医院就治的成人腹部手术患者1752例,按照体重指数（BMI）分组,在体重过低、正常体重、超重、肥胖组中比较切口裂开、切口感染、肺感染、尿路感染、心衰、静脉血栓栓塞症（VTE）、死亡等并发症发生率.结果 肥胖组及超重组并发症发生率较正常,体重过低组高,肥胖组较正常显著升高（P＜0.01）.肥胖组并发症发生率较总并发症发生率明显升高（P＜0.01）.结论 超重及肥胖可使腹部手术后并发症发生率增加,应对此类人群做到术前对并发症的预防估计,术后及时发现并处理并发症.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.