美国洛杉矶加州大学东西医学中心

美国洛杉矶加州大学（University of California at Los Angeles，UCLA）东西医学中心由许家杰博士于1993年创立。隶属于UCLA医学中心。UCLA是美国著名的综合性大学，据美国新闻和世界报道（US News ＆ World Report）的2007年年度排名，UCLA医学中心连续19年名列美国西岸之首，位居全美医学中心排行榜前3名。     

基层医院院前急救出诊空返原因分析

目的分析基层医院院前急救出诊空返原因,为降低高空返现状提供依据。方法回顾性分析院前急救出诊登记本和院前急救出诊记录单,对出诊频率、空返次数、空返原因进行统计学分析。结果基层医院院前急救出诊频率高,日平均出车11.34次;出诊空返构成比达20.83%,呈逐年上升趋势。呼救者急救知识的缺乏是造成空返的主要因素之一。结论随着中国医疗卫生改革的深入开展,基层医院院前救护需求增加,院前急救出诊高空返现状不仅造成了有限急救资源的浪费,也跟医疗机构带来了巨大风险,应引起有关部门的重视。加强对院前急救软硬件的投入和公众院前急救知识的普及性教育是当前亟待解决的问题。     

Primary-care interventions for the population at risk for amputation

The care of patients at risk for amputation includes the identification of at-risk patients, appropriate follow-up and treatment, and the anticipation of possible complications. Education and long-term follow-up are vital for management of the patient at risk for amputation.     

Chinese children at higher risk for diabetes

A medical statistic showed that the ratio of Chinese children suffering from diabetics among total population under 14 years has nearly tripled over the past 25 years.[第一段]     

人造电子耳蜗植入者有患脑膜炎的危险

Cochlearimplantsareelectronicdevicesthatallowsoundperceptioninsomepeoplewithprofoundsensorineuraldeafness.TheUSFoodandDrugAdministration (FDA)recentlyidentifiedapossibleassociationbetweencochlearim plantsandbacterialmeningitisin 5 2 peopleworldwide.Themen…     

Chinese children at higher risk for diabetes

Background Compensatory sweating （CS） is one of the most common postoperative complications after thoracic sympathectomy, sympathicotomy or endoscopic sympathetic block （ESB） for palmar hyperhidrosis. This study was conducted to examine the relevance between CS and the sympathetic segment being transected in the surgical treatment of palmar hyperhidrosis, and thus to detect the potential mechanism of the occurrence of CS. Methods Between October 2004 and June 2006, 163 patients with primary hyperhidrosis were randomly divided into two groups, T3 sympathicotomy （78 patients） and T4 sympathicotomy（85）, who were operated upon under general anesthesia via single lumen intubation and intercostal video-mediastinoscopy （VM）. Results No morbidity or mortality occurred. Palmar hyperhidrosis was cured in all patients. Follow-up（mean （13.8i-6.2） months） showed no recurrence of palmar hyperhidrosis. The difference of rates of mild CS in groups T3 and T4 was of no statistical significance. The rate of moderate CS was significantly lower in group T4 than in group T3. No severe CS occurred. Conclusion The rates of occurrence and severity of CS are lowered with the lower sympathetic chain being transected.     

初产妇的心理护理

近20年国家计划生育的实施,现代文明的进步,一对夫妇只生育一个孩子已深入人心,初产妇的比例增高,年龄偏大,分娩时常伴有心理障碍影响分娩。为提高产科质量,降低剖宫产及难产发生率,掌握孕妇的心理特点,进行必要的心理护理,十分重要。1　初产妇的心理特点　　怀孕初期的妇女都有一种喜悦与满足心理,但随着时间推移,尤其到临近分娩时,心理压力逐渐加重,焦虑心情增多,怕产痛、怕难产、怕胎儿发生意外,入院待产后希望技术精湛的医护人员为她们接生或手术,期望得到一流的护理,良好的待产,分娩及休养环境。2　初产妇的心理护理　　10月环胎,一朝…     

Applications for abortion at a community hospital

Applications for therapeutic abortion over a 44-week period in a 647-bed community hospital are reviewed with reference to age, marital status, gestational age, parity, contraceptive use and reasons for application for abortion.

The largest age group consisted of those 20 to 29 years old; it accounted for more than twice as many applicants as any other decade. Fifty-four percent were single; married women or those living in stable common-law relationships accounted for 31.7%. Gestational age at application was 8 weeks or less in 68.3%. Those presenting late (i.e. after 14 weeks) were mostly in the younger age groups. No contraceptive measures were being employed at the time of conception by 69.7%. Less than one sixth of the patients were applying because of severely adverse social, psychological or medical reasons.

     

Successful lung transplantation for adolescents at a hospital for adults

OBJECTIVE: To describe the results of lung transplantation (LTx) in adolescents at a hospital for adults. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective cohort study set in an LTx unit at an adult tertiary referral hospital from 1991 to 2006. PATIENTS: 37 consecutive adolescent lung transplant recipients including 13 males and 24 females (mean age, 16.7+/-2.0 [SD] years; range 12-19 years) who received heart-lung (six patients) or bilateral LTx (31 patients) for cystic fibrosis (29), congenital heart disease (four), acute respiratory failure (two), or another disorder (two). Two patients were transplanted after invasive ventilation, five after non-invasive ventilation and two after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Overall survival compared with an adult cohort; survival free of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS); overall and BOS-free survival in those transplanted before and after January 2000. RESULTS: Mean waiting time was 273 days (range, 5-964 days; median, 163 days), mean donor age was 28 years (range, 9-53 years). Median inpatient stay was 11 days (range, 7-94 days). Mean follow-up was 1540+/-1357 days (range, 35-5163 days). The 5-year survival rate for the 16 patients transplanted before January 2000 was 38%, versus 74% for the 21 transplanted since January 2000 (P=0.05; Mantel-Cox). Overall, 18 of 35 evaluable patients developed BOS. Only BOS was associated with an increased mortality risk (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: LTx may be performed successfully in adolescents at a hospital for adults.     

电缆隧道高压电缆工频磁场测试分析

根据有旋特征线理论,设计出了沿程马赫数下降规律可控的轴对称基准流场,分析了基准流场的几何参数(前缘压缩角及中心体半径)的影响规律,发现选取较小的前缘压缩角和中心体半径有利于得到性能优良的基准流场;然后在设计状态Ma=6时研究了三种典型的马赫数下降规律对这种轴对称流场性能的影响。最后考虑了粘性的影响,并进行了粘性修正探索,结果表明,采用附面层位移厚度修正方法后,基准流场的壁面压力分布和无粘情况吻合良好。      

电缆隧道高压电缆工频磁场测试分析

对运行中的110kV双回和220kV双回地下电力电缆线路的工频磁场进行了测量和分析,给出了相应的磁场水平。通过计算,得出了额定电流下,这两条地下电缆线路在隧道内和地面上的工频磁场。对它们的工频磁场水平进行了评价。     

急诊护士职业防护现状调查分析

目的:了解莆田市三级甲等医院急诊护士工作中自我防护现状,为进一步规范护理行为,减少急诊护士的职业危害。方法:通过自制的调查表对急诊护理人员进行问卷调查。结果:急诊护士在法律防护、化学性防护上做得较好,生物和物理防护方面较弱。结论:针对急诊护士自我保护行为薄弱点提出合理措施,以使落实各项防护措施,减少职业危害。