冬虫夏草对正常、应激和食高脂大鼠血脂的影响

本文研究了冬虫夏草对正常、应激和食高脂大鼠血脂的影响。证实冬虫夏草引起正常鼠血浆TG、TC、LDL-C、VLDL-C显著的降低,HDL-C和HDL-C/TC比例显著的升高;可使脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)活性加强;使应激状态鼠的血浆TG、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C、VLDL-C显著降低,HDL-C/TC比例显著增加;使高脂血症鼠的血浆TG、TC、LDL-C、VLDL-C、红血球膜微粘度显著降低,HDL-C、HDL-C/TC比例显著升高。     

2型糖尿病大鼠早期血清cTnI水平与心功能的变化

目的:研究2型糖尿病大鼠早期血清心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)的水平及心功能变化,探讨早期2型糖尿病大鼠血清cTnI水平与糖尿病心肌损伤发生发展之间的关系,明确cTnI在糖尿病心肌病发生发展中的作用。方法:通过高脂饮食联合链脲佐菌素建立2型糖尿病大鼠模型,实验将大鼠分为正常对照组、糖尿病2周模型组及4周模型组,超声心动图检测心功能相关指标,血清检测空腹血糖(FBG)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)及cTnI水平,HE染色法观察心肌病理结构变化,Western blot法检测心肌cTnI蛋白表达变化,通过上述指标变化分析2型糖尿病大鼠早期血清cTnI与大鼠心功能改变之间的关系。结果:与正常组比较,2型糖尿病大鼠TC、TG、LDL-C水平显著升高,HDL-C水平显著降低;糖尿病大鼠4周模型组与2周模型组相比较,TC、TG、LDL-C水平升高更明显,HDL-C水平降低更显著(P0.01);显微镜下糖尿病组大鼠心肌可见局灶性心肌细胞变性、坏死;糖尿病组大鼠相对于正常对照组血清及心肌cTnI表达显著增加(P0.01),且4周模型组比2周模型组增加更明显。结论:糖尿病大鼠早期即出现cTnI水平升高和心功能改变,有望为糖尿病心肌病的早期诊断和治疗提供理论依据。     

归芪合剂联合缬沙坦对2型糖尿病大鼠肾脏功能的保护作用

目的：研究归芪合剂联合缬沙坦对2型糖尿病（T2DM）大鼠肾脏功能的保护作用。方法：建立T2DM大鼠模型,给予归芪合剂联合缬沙坦灌胃治疗12周,测定大鼠空腹血糖（FBG）、血脂（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）的水平;测定胰岛素敏感指数（ISI）、肾脏肥大指数（KW／BW）和肾皮质钠钾-ATP酶活性。结果：①与正常对照组比较,T2DM模型组大鼠FBG、TG、TC、MDA和KW／BW显著升高,SOD、IsI和肾皮质钠钾-ATP酶活性显著降低;②与T2DM模型组比较,治疗组大鼠FBG、TG、TC、MDA和KW／BW显著降低,SOD、ISI和肾皮质钠钾-ATP酶活性显著升高。结论：归芪合剂联合缬沙坦对T2DM大鼠肾脏功能具有明显保护作用,其机制可能与降低糖尿病大鼠血糖血脂,提高机体抗氧化应急能力和改善肾脏局部血循环有关。     

种属差异对实验性高脂血症的影响

目的观察动物种属差异对实验性高脂血症的影响.方法分别用老年小鼠、正常大鼠和正常家兔建立动物高脂血症模型,以动物血清胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)和高密度脂蛋白(HDL)为指标,研究不同动物种属建立的高脂模型中,上述指标变化是否存在差异.结果实验发现老年小鼠血清LDL和TC升高,HDL变化不明显,而TG则下降;大鼠血清TC和LDL显著升高,HDL明显下降,而TG未见显著升高;家兔血清TG、TC和LDL显著升高,而HDL也明显升高.结论动物种属差异对实验性高脂血症存在显著影响.     

108例冠心病患者的血脂分析和hs-CRP测定的临床应用

目的：探讨冠心病患者血脂和超敏C-反应蛋白分析的临床意义。方法：生化法和RIA对108例冠心病患者和60例正常对照组中血清胆固醇（total cholesterol,TC）、三酰甘油（triglycerides,TC）,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C）,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C）和超敏C-反应蛋白（high sensitivity C-reaction protein,hs-CRP）水平。结果：108例冠心病患者较之60例正常对照组血清TC、TG、LDL-C和hs-CRP显著增高（TC、TG和LDL-C之P〈0.05,而hs-CRP之P〈0.01）,而HDL-C显著降低（P〈0.05）。结论：血清TC、TG、LDL-C,HDL-C和hs-CRP与冠心病密切相关,而且这些因素是冠心病诊断的重要标志物,并能反映严重程度。     

糖肾方对糖尿病肾病大鼠血液流变学及内皮细胞功能的影响

目的:观察糖肾方对糖尿病肾病(DN)大鼠血液流变学及内皮功能的影响。方法:采用高脂高糖饮食联合链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导建立2型糖尿病合并DN大鼠模型,将建模成功大鼠随机分为DN模型组、糖肾方组和缬沙坦组,同时设正常对照组。药物干预12周后,全自动生化分析仪检测大鼠空腹血糖(FBG)、血清总胆固醇(TC)和甘油三酯(TG)水平;微循环血流仪检测肾微循环变化;血液流变仪检测血液流变学指标;ELISA技术检测尿白蛋白以及血清假血友病因子(v WF)和纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1(PAI-1)含量。结果:与正常对照组比较,DN模型组大鼠FBG、血清TC、TG和尿白蛋白明显升高(P0.05),血清v WF浓度升高(P0.01);与DN模型组比较,糖肾方组和缬沙坦组的FBG差异无统计学显著性,血清TC、TG和尿白蛋白明显降低(P0.05),v WF降低(P0.01)。与正常对照组比较,DN模型组的血浆黏度,卡松黏度,全血高切、中切黏度,红细胞聚集指数,刚性指数及电泳时间均显著升高,红细胞变形指数降低(P0.01)。与DN模型组比较,治疗组的血浆黏度,卡松黏度,全血高切、中切和低切黏度,红细胞聚集指数,刚性指数及电泳时间均明显降低(P0.01),红细胞变形指数升高,但无显著性差异。与正常对照组比较,DN模型组的肾皮质微循环血流量减少(P0.01)。与DN模型组比较,糖肾方组的肾皮质微循环明显增加(P0.05),缬沙坦组无明显改变。结论:糖肾方能降低实验性DN大鼠的血脂水平,改善血液流变性和内皮功能,从而改善微循环,对糖尿病肾脏具有一定的保护作用。     

灯盏花素联合缬沙坦治疗2型糖尿病大鼠的疗效观察

目的:研究灯盏花素联合缬沙坦治疗2型糖尿病(T2DM)大鼠的疗效。方法:建立T2DM大鼠模型,给予灯盏花素联合缬沙坦治疗12 w,测定大鼠空腹血糖(FBG)、血脂(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)的水平;测定胰岛素敏感指数(ISI)、肾脏肥大指数(KW/BW)和肾皮质钠钾-ATP酶活性。结果:①与正常对照组比较,T2DM模型组大鼠FBG、TG、TC、MDA和KW/BW显著升高,SODI、SI和肾皮质钠钾-ATP酶活性显著降低(P0.01 or P0.05);②与T2DM模型组比较,治疗组大鼠FBG、TG、TC、MDA和KW/BW显著降低,SODI、SI和肾皮质钠钾-ATP酶活性显著升高(P0.01)。结论:灯盏花素联合缬沙坦对T2DM大鼠肾脏功能具有明显保护作用,其机制可能与降低糖尿病大鼠血糖血脂,提高机体抗氧化能力和改善肾脏局部血循环有关。     

山药决明子挂面对血脂异常大鼠模型血脂及抗氧化的影响

目的探讨山药决明子挂面对血脂异常大鼠模型血脂及抗氧化的影响。方法48只SD大鼠分为正常对照组(8只)和模型组(40只),模型组大鼠经4周高脂饮食喂养后建立血脂异常大鼠模型,采用随机数字法分为模型组、阿托伐他汀阳性对照组(10 mg/kg/d)、山药决明子挂面低、中、高剂量组,每组8只。干预5周后测定血清总甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、肝体比、肝脏胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、丙二醛(MDA)和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)。结果与模型组相比,中剂量山药决明子挂面组大鼠血清TC、肝脏TC、TG水平分别下降14.76%、23.75%、39.69%(P<0.05),低、中、高剂量组血清TG、LDL-C水平均有所下降(P<0.05),低剂量组肝脏SOD、GSH-Px、T-AOC分别升高24.09%、26.90%、290.24%(P<0.05)。结论山药决明子挂面能降低血脂异常大鼠血脂水平,提高抗氧化水平,对辅助治疗血脂异常及抗氧化有一定的应用价值。     

肺癌患者手术及化疗前后血脂水平的变化及意义

目的探讨肺癌患者血总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、甘油三酯(TG)及化疗前后或手术前后水平的变化及其意义。方法测定600例肺癌组患者血脂水平与对照组比较;并对不同类型肺癌间血脂水平进行比较。同时观察患者化疗、手术前后血脂水平变化。结果肺癌患者TC、LDL-C、HDL-C均较对照组明显减低,而两组间血TG水平无明显差异。化疗及手术后肺癌组患者,血TC、LDL-C、HDL-C及TG水平均较化疗前明显升高,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论肺癌患者存在低血胆固醇倾向,化疗或手术治疗可以提高血清TC及LDL-C水平。     

甲状旁腺全切加前臂皮下移植术治疗肾性继发性 甲状旁腺功能亢进的研究

继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进是终末性肾脏疾病常见的严重并发症。严重肾衰患者合并存在的低钙血症、高磷血症、稀释性低钠血症、代谢性酸中毒等内稳态失衡,是正常及异位的甲状旁腺组织强烈的生长刺激信号,可引起甲状旁腺组织的弥漫性增生。同时,SHPT又可使患者发生代谢性骨病,动脉粥样硬化等,两种疾病互为因果,又相互促进,严重影响患者的生存质量。2003年,美国肾脏疾病基金会颁布了肾性SHPT的治疗指南,但由于对此疾病的认识,在不同的研究中心还存在不同的观点,SHPT的最佳手术适应症、手术方式等还存在一定的争议,本文就甲状旁腺全切加前臂皮下移植术治疗肾性继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进的研究进展作一综述。     

Influence of diet and physical exercise on plasma lipid concentrations in an homogeneous sample of young Spanish Air Force pilots

This study evaluates the influence of diet and physical exercise on plasma lipid concentrations — total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), and the TC:HDL-C ratio, in a homogeneous (age, sex and anxiety levels) group of young pilots divided into the following groups: A. uncontrolled diet and exercise programme; B. controlled diet and uncontrolled exercise programme; C. controlled diet and exercise programme (n=90). The dietary intake was a typical Mediterranean diet, which was supervised by the Flight Surgeon. The exercise was based on a physical training programme for pilots, directed by the Physical Training Officer. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory test was performed to evaluate the anxiety levels. This test was supervised by a psychologist. The results showed a marked difference in all the lipid parameters studied between groups with an ad libitum diet versus groups with a controlled diet, this difference being demonstrated by TC and TG concentrations lower in the group with a controlled diet, than in the group with an ad libitum diet. A difference in HDL-C concentrations and TC :HDL-C ratio was found between groups with regular physical training (high HDL-C concentration and low TC:HDL-C ratio) versus groups with unlimited exercise (low HDL-C concentrations and high TC: HDL-C ratio). No differences in the state and trait of anxiety were found among any of the groups. Nevertheless, all the pilots showed a considerable increase in their anxiety state over their own anxiety trait.     

Evaluation of serum lipid profile of under-five Nigerian children

BACKGROUND: Serum lipid profile assay forms one of the special investigations in most chemical pathology laboratories worldwide. Several studies in children from different countries have shown that serum lipids exhibit age and geographical pattern of variation prior to puberty. This study was conducted to evaluate serum lipid profile in Nigerian children aged 6 to 36 months. METHODS: A total of 115 randomly selected apparently healthy children were studied. These consisted of 38, 40 and 37 children in groups I (6 to 12 months), II (13 to 24 months) and III (25 to 36 months) respectively. There were 60 male and 55 female children. Serum concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG) were measured by enzymatic colorimetric method using reagent kits supplied by Human, Gesel Für Biochemica Und Diagnostica mbH (Wiesbaden, Germany). Serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) were subsequently estimated using Friedewald formula. RESULTS: The reference ranges and (Mean +/- SEM) of serum TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG, VLDL-C and TC/HDL-C for the total group of children were 1.55-5.42(2.89 +/- 0.12), 0.50-3.29(1.28 +/- 0.15), 0.45-2.77(1.12 +/- 0.14). 0.93-3.43(0.79 +/- 0.14), 0.17-0.72(0.35 +/- 0.14) mmol/L and 1.01-4.74(2.19 +/- 0.13) respectively. There were no sex differences in all these parameters. Serum levels of TC, LDL-C, HDL-C and TC/HDL-C in the 3 age groups were also statistically similar (p > 0.05). Concentrations of TG and VLDL-C were lower (p < 0.001) in group II than in I. These values were also significantly lower (p < 0.02) in group III than in I. Serum TG and VLDL-C in groups II and III were statistically comparable (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Serum concentrations of TC, TG and VLDL-C decrease with advancing age, with more marked decrease between first and second years of life. We hereby recommend that the reference values established in this study be utilized for the interpretation of serum lipid results in pre-school children in Nigerian hospitals and possibly elsewhere in Africa.     

玉米黄质对高脂诱发鹌鹑模型血管脂质过氧化损伤的保护作用

背景：大多数人工合成的抗氧化药物长期应用均有一定的毒副作用,玉米黄质作为天然药物有其独特的生理效应。 目的：观察玉米黄质对高脂诱发血管脂质过氧化损伤效应鹌鹑模型影响的量效关系。 方法：建立鹌鹑高脂模型,利用玉米黄质按30,60mg/kg灌胃7周后,取空腹血测定血清总胆固醇、三酰甘油、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇及丙二醛水平、血清超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶及诱导型一氧化氮合酶活性;检测各组动物肝脏组织中总胆固醇、三酰甘油水平;并采用苏木精-伊红染色观察主动脉血管病理变化。 结果与结论：与高脂模型组相比,玉米黄质组血清三酰甘油、总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度明显降低,而血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度明显增高;肝脏总三酰甘油及总胆固醇的合成也受到强烈抑制;玉米黄质组血清超氧化物歧化酶活性、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性明显提高,而诱导型一氧化氮合酶活性下降、丙二醛水平减少。说明玉米黄质具有良好的降脂功效,对高脂诱导的血管脂质过氧化损伤有明显的抑制作用,且高剂量较低剂量作用效果更为理想。     

Lipid, lipoproteins and atherogenesis profiles in sickle cell disease among Central African patients

Lipid and lipopproteins disorders are well established in sera from sickle cell disease (SCD) patients out of Central Africa. The present case-control study was conducted to compare serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), HDL-C, triglycerides (TG), LDL-C and TC/HDL-C ratio (atherogenic index) from SCD homozygotes (SS) in steady state, SCD heterozygotes (AS) and controls (AA) in Brazzaville, Congo. Significant reductions of TC and LDL-C vs. increase in TG were reported in SS. However, significant decrease in HDL-C and increase in atherogenic index were observed in AS. We recommend prevention of oxidative stress, dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis in SCD using hygiene-diet measures. Only longitudinal studies in large populations will provide pathophysiological basis of lipid and lipoproteins disorders in SCD.     

固醇调节元件结合蛋白-1c基因54G/C多态性对高糖低脂膳食诱导的健康青年人血脂比值的影响

目的 探讨固醇调节元件结合蛋白-1c(sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c,SREBP-1c)基因54G/C多态性对健康青年血脂比值的影响及在高糖低脂(high-carbohydrate/low-fat,HC/LF)膳食诱导的变化中的作用.方法 对56名健康志愿者,给予7 d平衡膳食和6 d HC/LF膳食,平衡膳食蛋白、脂肪、碳水化合物含量分别为15%,31%,54%,HC/LF膳食分别为15%,15%,70%.于第1 d,第8 d及第14 d抽取空腹12 h静脉血,测定血脂及血糖水平,计算血脂比值.分离血基因组DNA,聚合酶链反应-限制性酶切法分析SREBP-1c基因54G/C多态性.分析不同基因型间血脂比值及血糖的差异.结果 不同基因型受试者血脂比值及血糖基础值差异无统计学意义.平衡膳食后,无论是在受试人群整体还是将男女分组分析,不同基因型之间血脂比值及血糖均无统计学意义.HC/LF膳食后,女性C等位基因携带者低密度脂蛋白胆固醇/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值(loW density lipoprotein cholesterol/high density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C/HDL-C)较GG纯合子显著升高(P＜0.05).与HC/LF膳食前相比,在受试人群整体,总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)/HDL-C比值和LDL-C/HDL-C在各基因型中均显著降低(P＜0.05).男女分组分析发现,HC/LF膳食后甘油三酯triglyceride(TG)/HDL-C比值和血浆致动脉硬化指数log(TG/HDL-C)在女性GG基因型受试者较膳食前显著升高(P＜0.05);而TC/HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C在HC/LF膳食后显著下降(P＜0.05),且不受性别和SREBP-1c基因54G/C位点多态性影响.结论 SREBP-1c基因54G/C多态性影响HC/LF膳食诱导的健康青年女性TG/HDL-C、log(TG/HDL-C)改变.C等位基因可能是一个对防止女性HC/LF膳食诱导的甘油三酯升高的保护性因素.     

阿尔茨海默病及血管性痴呆患者血脂浓度变化相关性研究

目的探讨阿尔茨海默病(AD)和血管性痴呆(VD)患者与血脂代谢异常的关系。方法测定了48例AD和52例VD患者血清脂质代谢水平,并与100例健康老年人进行比较。结果 1AD组TC、TG、LDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C显著高于对照组(P0.01),HDL-C显著低于对照组(P0.01);2VD组TC、TG、LDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C显著高于对照组(P0.01),HDL-C显著低于对照组(P0.01);3VD组TC、TG高于AD组(P0.05),LDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C显著高于AD组(P0.01);4ApoA1和ApoB各组之间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论患者血清TC、TG、LDL-C的增高和HDL-C的下降可能和痴呆发病有关,降脂治疗可能有助于AD和VD的防治。     

血脂异常与老年冠心病患者冠脉病变程度的相关性研究

目的 探讨血脂异常与老年冠心病患者冠脉病变程度的相关性。方法 选取2015年5月~2017年1月本院心内科住院的明确诊断为冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病（CHD）的150例老年患者设为CHD组。选取同期收治的150例非CHD患者为对照组。比较两组血清中总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）水平,并计算N-HDL-C、LDL-C/N-HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C、TC/HDL-C、TG/HDL-C值。比较不同冠脉病变支数、不同病情严重程度的CHD患者的血脂及其比值。对血脂与冠脉病变支数、病情严重程度积分进行相关性分析。结果 CHD组患者LDL-C、TG、TC、N-HDL-C水平、LDL-C/HDL-C、TC/HDL-C、TG/HDL-C值均高于对照组,HDL-C水平低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;不同冠脉病变支数各亚组间的TC、TG、N-HDL-C水平、TC/HDL-C比值差异存在统计学意义（P＜0.05）;TC、TG、N-HDL-C水平、TC/HDL-C比值均与冠脉病变支数均呈正相关（P＜0.05）;不同病情严重程度亚组间的LDL-C、TC、TG、N-HDL-C水平、LDL-C/HDL-C、TC/HDL-C、TG/HDL-C比值差异存在统计学意义（P＜0.05）;CHD患者LDL-C、TC、TG、N-HDL-C水平、LDL-C/HDL-C、TC/HDL-C、TG/HDL-C比值与冠状动脉病变积分均呈正相关（P＜0.05）。结论 可以通过对血脂指标的监测,并计算N-HDL-C、TC/HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C、TC/HDL-C、TG/HDL-C值,来评估CHD病情的临床进展。     

DM2患者血脂、尿酸和CRP测定的临床分析

目的:为了探讨2型糖尿病(DM2)患者血脂、尿酸(SUA)和C-反应蛋白(CRP)测定的临床意义.方法:采用生化法测定了78例DM2患者和66例正常对照组的血脂(TC、TG、HDL-C和LDL-C)水平,过氧化物酶免疫分析测定了SUA水平以及免疫比浊法测定了CRP水平,并与66例正常对照组进行了对比性分析.结果:78例...     

The influence of apo E phenotypes on the plasma triglycerides response to hormonal replacement therapy during the menopause.

OBJECTIVE: To study the influence of apo E phenotype in plasma lipids, especially in triglycerides levels, in menopausal women receiving hormonal replacement therapy (HRT). METHODS: One hundred and ten postmenopausal women were studied. Plasma total cholesterol (TC), HDL-C and triglycerides (TG) were measured before and after 3 months of HRT and the apo E phenotype was determined. According to the apo E phenotype the sample was divided into three groups: E2/E3 (n=28), E3/E3 (n=96) and E4/E3 (n=25). RESULTS: In the pre-treatment state, higher plasma levels of TC and TC/HDL-C ratio were observed in women with phenotype E3/E4 (P<0.0001 and P<0.02, respectively), while higher plasma TG levels were found in the apo E2/E3 group (P<0.0001). After HRT, women with phenotype E3/E4 showed higher levels of TC and TC/HDL-C ratio (P<0.0001 and P<0.006, respectively). The apo E2/E3 phenotype group showed increased levels of TG (P<0.0001). In the multivariant analysis the changes of TG after HRT were related to the type of treatment used (P<0.001), age (P=0.05) and the apo E phenotype (E2/E3). CONCLUSION: Women with phenotype E2/E3 have higher plasma TG levels and show a significant post HRT increase compared with the other phenotypes. Other factors with a lower impact on TG levels are age and progestagen association.