饮水锶对大鼠骨骼生长发育影响的实验研究

研究了高锶饮水对大鼠骨骼生长发育的影响。结果表明，饮水中锶浓度为５～５００ｍｇ／Ｌ达１２周可引起Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠血清、尿、股骨、颌骨和牙齿中锶含量增高，呈明显的剂量－反应关系。同时，锶还可使骨骼钙含量降低，牙齿钙含量和骨骼的骨密度增高，以及除第１２周雌性大鼠外血清钙水平下降。尚未发现锶对动物体重、体长、血清ＡＫＰ活性、尿钙水平以及股骨弯曲断裂载荷的影响。然而，锶对动物骨骼生长发育影响性别之间存在差异，如在第１２周染锶组雄性大鼠血清钙含量降低，而雌性大鼠升高；在第４周和第８周时，仅雄性大鼠尿Ｈｏｐ／Ｃｒ比值增高，而雌性大鼠维持于正常水平；Ｓｒ２＋还使雄性大鼠颌骨骨密度增加，而雌性大鼠股骨骨密度增加。上述改变提示可能是动物性别之间在内分泌调节和代谢过程上不同的结果。     

不同水质饮用水对大鼠骨骼生长发育的影响

目的：研究自来水、家用净水器净化水和纯净水三种不同水质饮用水长期饮用对大鼠骨骼生长发育的影响。方法：将Wistar大鼠于出生前一周左右随孕鼠随机分为三组：自来水组,净化水组和纯净水组,除饮水外其它条件完全相同。分别于5月龄和10月龄测定大鼠股骨长度、股骨密度;股骨力学性能、血清碱磷酶、血钙和尿钙水平。结果:经统计分析显示,尽管不同水质饮用水中一些主要的矿物元素含量不同,但对5月龄、10月龄的大鼠股骨长度、股骨密度、力学性能等无明显影响,对大鼠血清AKP活性、血钙水平、尿钙水平均无明显影响。结论：10个月饮水试验证实饮用水中矿物元素的差异对大鼠骨骼的生长发育无明显影响。     

高镁饮水对成长期大鼠骨形成影响的研究

[目的]研究高镁饮水对成长期大鼠骨形成的影响。[方法]用高镁饮水喂养刚断乳的Wistar雌性大白鼠3个月．测定与骨形成有关的血清生化指标，测量其股骨重量、骨密度、骨钙含量。[结果]喂养3月后．大鼠血清碱性磷酸酶含量、骨特异性碱性磷酸酶含量高镁饮水组高于对照组。[结论]镁元素促进大鼠的骨形成。     

雷尼酸锶联合强骨胶囊对大鼠骨质疏松性骨折骨愈合影响的实验研究

目的：通过观察雷尼酸锶联合强骨胶囊对骨质疏松性骨折愈合的影响,以探讨中西医结合治疗骨质疏松性骨折的意义。方法：30只SD大鼠给予维甲酸灌胃,制造骨质疏松性骨折模型成功后,按随机数字表分为实验组和对照组,每组15只。实验组给予雷尼酸锶联合强骨胶囊灌胃,对照组给予生理盐水灌胃,于2周、4周和6周处死实验鼠,进行骨痂大小的测量及组织学研究。结果：2周时两组骨痂大小比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;4周时实验组骨痂大小较对照组小,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;6周时实验组骨痂大小明显小于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。2周时组织学检测发现,实验组成骨细胞数目较对照组无明显增多;4周及6周时则明显增多。结论：雷尼酸锶联合强骨胶囊治疗维甲酸所致大鼠骨质疏松性骨折疗效显著。     

急性心肌梗死患者血清中钡铝锶含量的研究

急性心肌梗死的发病率和死亡率 ,在欧美和我国近年来呈上升趋势。为此 ,我们对 135例急性心肌梗死患者血清中钡、铝、锶的含量水平进行分析研究 ,为该病的防治提供微量元素方面的科学依据。1　对象与方法1·1　研究对象　根据诊断标准[1] ,确定急性心肌梗死患者 135例。其中男 87名 ,女 4 8名 ;年龄最小者 30岁 ,最大者 82岁 ,平均年龄 6 8 2岁。他们都是包头地区的常住居民。另选包头地区的健康成人 180名 ,作为对照组。其中男 95名 ,女 85名 ;年龄最小者 2 8岁 ,最大者 5 7岁 ,平均 (46 2± 1 8)岁。1·2　研究方法1·2·1　采集研究对象…     

饮水中的锶对学龄儿童发育的影响

就高锶饮水对学龄儿童的形体发育、骨龄发育、龋齿和氟斑牙患病率的影响进行了流行病学调查。调查结果表明，饮水中含锶量在１０ｍ ｇ／ Ｌ时对学龄儿童的骨龄发育，尤其是对女童骨龄发育有一定促进作用，对学龄儿童的形体发育没有明显的影响。饮水锶与儿童龋齿率的关系在调查结果中不十分明确，但锶的防龋齿作用有必要做进一步的流行病学调查来证实。     

钴、锡、锶单独或钴锌协同作用对大鼠肝脏脂质过氧化的影响

目的：探讨钴、锡、锶对大鼠肝脏脂质过氧化作用的影响.方法：模拟人体内钴、锡、锶的浓度,配制一系列浓度,运用体外TBA比色法检测MDA的含量.结果：锡、锶在浓度为（0.1667～1.0）umol/L和（0.0133～0.1333）mmol/L的范围内能抑制大鼠肝脏脂质过氧化作用.钴在浓度为（1.5～5.5）nmol/L的范围内能诱导大鼠肝脏脂质过氧化作用.以锌作为拮抗剂对钴作用,钴对LPO的诱导作用有所下降.结论：钴、锡、锶对大鼠肝脏脂质过氧化作用有不同程度的影响.     

新型饮水对小鼠生长发育的影响

由于新型饮水市场在我国发展很快,涉及人群多,影响面广,因此,长期饮用新型饮水是否存在危害关系到人体健康.本研究观察不同类型饮水对小鼠生长发育的影响.结果报告如下.     

睾酮对骨骼系统、肌肉和脂肪的影响

男性体内的雄激素与骨骼系统、肌肉及脂肪的代谢有重要的关系.睾酮对男性骨骼系统的健康十分重要,正常睾酮水平可以维持骨密度,减少骨质疏松.睾酮可以增加瘦体重量,增加肌肉力量.睾酮可以控制体内的脂肪量,尤其是腹腔脂肪的比例.睾酮替代治疗可以保持低睾酮水平患者骨密度的致密性,控制体内脂肪,对健康起着重要的作用.     

Organic micropollution of drinking water]

This work is about organic micropollution of waters sampled at the flowing in and out of three treatment stations. Micropollutants are obtained by chloroformic extraction. It is shown that the extracts have biological effects which can be measured by in vitro and in vivo assays. The treatments reduce the total amount of extractible substances but they induce modifications in their chemical composition and their biological activity. These observations allow to precise how the problem of an eventual health effect of organic micropollution could be approached.     

Renal effects of uranium in drinking water

Animal studies and small studies in humans have shown that uranium is nephrotoxic. However, more information about its renal effects in humans following chronic exposure through drinking water is required. We measured uranium concentrations in drinking water and urine in 325 persons who had used drilled wells for drinking water. We measured urine and serum concentrations of calcium, phosphate, glucose, albumin, creatinine, and beta-2-microglobulin to evaluate possible renal effects. The median uranium concentration in drinking water was 28 microg/L (interquartile range 6-135, max. 1,920 microg/L) and in urine 13 ng/mmol creatinine (2-75), resulting in the median daily uranium intake of 39 microg (7-224). Uranium concentration in urine was statistically significantly associated with increased fractional excretion of calcium and phosphate. Increase of uranium in urine by 1 microg/mmol creatinine increased fractional excretion of calcium by 1.5% [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.6-2.3], phosphate by 13% (1.4-25), and glucose excretion by 0.7 micromol/min (-0.4-1.8). Uranium concentrations in drinking water and daily intake of uranium were statistically significantly associated with calcium fractional excretion, but not with phosphate or glucose excretion. Uranium exposure was not associated with creatinine clearance or urinary albumin, which reflect glomerular function. In conclusion, uranium exposure is weakly associated with altered proximal tubulus function without a clear threshold, which suggests that even low uranium concentrations in drinking water can cause nephrotoxic effects. Despite chronic intake of water with high uranium concentration, we observed no effect on glomerular function. The clinical and public health relevance of the findings are not easily established, but our results suggest that the safe concentration of uranium in drinking water may be within the range of the proposed guideline values of 2-30 microg/L.     

低钙高镁饮水与大鼠骨代谢关系

目的 研究低钙高镁饮水对骨代谢的影响及与骨质疏松的发病关系，为山东省黄河入海口居民饮食结构的调整提供科学依据。方法 用低钙、高镁饮水喂养出生1个月的Wistar雌性大白鼠3个月，测定与骨代谢有关的血清生化指标，测量其股骨重量、骨密度，观察骨组织的病理变化。结果 低钙高镁饮水的交互作用使大鼠的骨形成标志物明显增多，股骨发生明显病理变化。结论 钙、镁元素对骨代谢有重要作用，钙元素缺乏不是导致骨质疏松的唯一原因，过量镁元素可引起成长期大鼠的骨丢失。     

Should children drink more water?: The effects of drinking water on cognition in children

While dehydration has well-documented negative effects on adult cognition, there is little research on hydration and cognitive performance in children. We investigated whether having a drink of water improved children's performance on cognitive tasks. Fifty-eight children aged 7–9 years old were randomly allocated to a group that received additional water or a group that did not. Results showed that children who drank additional water rated themselves as significantly less thirsty than the comparison group (p = 0.002), and they performed better on visual attention tasks (letter cancellation, p = 0.02; spot the difference memory tasks, ps = 0.019 and 0.014).