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北京石景山地区孕妇及婴幼儿血铅动态研究 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
在严格的质量保证措施下,对北京石景山地区270名孕妇及其婴儿进行了血铅的追踪调查。结果显示:孕3月血铅水平为45.0μg/L,分娩前血铅水平为64.8μg/L,孕期血铅呈升高趋势,其中后3月升高明显,分娩前血铅约为孕3月血铅的1.5倍;脐带血铅水平为51.9μg/L,其中有10.4%的胎儿脐血铅高于100μg/L;婴幼儿血铅随月龄增加呈升高趋势,6月龄后升高明显。相关分析显示:妊娠3月血铅与妊娠6月血铅之间、分娩前血铅与脐带血铅之间、脐带血铅与婴幼儿血铅之间均有显著相关关系(P<0.01),其中分娩前血铅与脐带血铅之间、6月龄血铅与12月龄血铅之间的相关系数分别为0.80、0.47。作者对孕期血铅升高及婴幼儿血铅随月龄升高的原因进行了分析。 相似文献
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北京石景山地区孕妇及婴幼儿血清锌的动态研究北京首钢医院课题组秦效英刘建荣董兵白雪涛郑星泉(中国预防医学科学院环境卫生监测所,北京100021)锌与胎儿发育甚为密切,妊娠期妇女需要大量的锌来维持母体自身的代谢调节和胎儿发育的需要。若此时锌供给不足,会影... 相似文献
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孕妇和婴幼儿血铅变化及其影响因素分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目的观察分析孕妇及婴幼儿血铅变化及其影响因素.方法对妊娠3个月左右的孕妇的血铅水平开始进行追踪观察,并随访其子女血铅水平至2岁.对孕妇的分娩情况以及个人、家庭的一般情况及婴幼儿喂养和发育情况进行调查.分析孕妇和其子女血铅负荷的变化趋势和影响因素.结果妊娠3、6月和分娩前血铅平均值分别为50.3μg/L、51.6μg/L和70.4μg/L.脐带血铅平均值为57.4μg/L,较分娩前血铅明显下降(P<0.05).且两者具有显着性相关(r=0.97,P<0.05).婴幼儿血铅值及其大于100μg/L的百分比随年龄增加呈明显的增加趋势.至2岁时可达32%.结论家庭环境对孕妇血铅有一定影响.婴幼儿血铅随年龄快速增加,这与婴幼儿接触铅的机会增多有关,而影响幼儿接触铅的因素包括家庭房屋类型、喂养情况、母亲工种、年龄和文化程度. 相似文献
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湖北地区孕妇血铅水平及其对子代影响的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对湖北地区非职业铅接触的90名孕妇和新生儿血铅及生长发育情况进行了追踪调查.结果显示:孕28周内血铅水平为0.290μmol/L,分娩前为0.326μmol/L,孕期血铅水平呈增高趋势.新生儿脐血血铅含量为0.333μmol/L,其中178%的新生儿脐血血铅含量高于0.483μmol/L.逐步回归分析显示新生儿脐血血铅含量(Y3)与孕28周内血铅(Y1)及分娩前血铅(Y2)均有高度线性关系:Y3=0.12251067+016094591Y1+0.78077865Y2.Y3与Y2之间的直线相关系数r=0.6805,P<0.01.但母体铅暴露水平对胎儿生长发育尚未造成明显影响. 相似文献
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婴幼儿血铅水平及其影响因素 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
胡怡萍 《中国生育健康杂志》2004,15(1):15-17
目的 了解婴幼儿的血铅水平及其影响因素。 方法 用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定2 6 2例婴幼儿末梢血铅浓度 ,并进行铅中毒影响因素的调查。 结果 婴幼儿血铅算术平均值为0 .4 3μmol/L,范围为 0 .10~ 1.4 5 μmol/L,铅中毒发生率为 37.0 2 % (97/2 6 2 )。不同性别、不同年龄婴幼儿血铅水平及铅中毒发生率差异无显著性 (P>0 .0 5 ) ,各年龄婴幼儿血铅等级分布以 I级最高 ,婴幼儿铅中毒属 II~ III级。饭前不洗手、经常在马路边玩耍、经常看彩色书刊后不洗手、父母职业、住房为 1990年以后建造的是影响婴幼儿血铅水平的因素。 结论 婴幼儿已受到不同程度的铅损伤 ,应引起家长及有关方面的重视 相似文献
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婴幼儿血铅水平与出生前后铅暴露关系的队列研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
[目的]了解婴幼儿血铅水平与出生前后铅暴露的关系,为防治和减轻铅暴露对婴幼儿的不利影响提供科学依据。[方法]采用前瞻性队列研究的方法,在环境铅污染区建立新婚夫妇研究队列,分别在女方怀孕前、孕中期、分娩时以及子代婴幼儿期采集血样,并用石墨炉原子吸收法测定血铅水平;纵向分析出生前后铅暴露对婴幼儿血铅水平的影响。[结果]基线血铅明显高于孕中血铅和脐带血铅,且孕中血铅、脐带血铅与基线血铅高度相关(P<0.01);婴幼儿血铅要明显高于母亲基线血铅、孕中血铅和脐带血铅(P<0.01),且婴幼儿血铅与母亲基线血和脐带血血铅均呈正相关,但差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。[结论]婴幼儿血铅水平与出生前宫内暴露和出生后环境暴露均有关,但与后者关系可能更密切。 相似文献
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416名孕妇血铅水平及相关因素分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目的了解武汉市孕妇血铅水平及影响因素,以采取干预措施降低孕妇铅负荷,改善胎儿铅暴露状况。方法将2005年6月12日~2006年6月25日期间到本院进行产前检查的正常孕妇(无并发症或合并症)作为调查对象,进行末梢血血铅测定,并现场询问完成“孕妇血铅水平及影响因素调查表”的填写。所有资料输入微机,用美国SPSS公司生产SPSS-PC软件包进行统计分析。结果416名孕妇血铅值在18~132μg/L之间,均值为41.3μg/L,高铅血症(血铅≥100μg/L)孕妇5例,占1.20%。单因素分析结果显示血铅水平因孕妇文化程度、职业、孕周、居室附近铅作业工厂、家庭铅作业人员、进食前洗手习惯等因素不同而差异有显著性意义。多元逐步回归分析结果,孕周、居室附近铅作业工厂、进食前洗手习惯、孕妇文化程度4个因素进入多元逐步回归方程。结论调查的孕妇高铅血症和铅中毒现患率处于较低水平;进食前洗手习惯、文化程度高是孕妇铅污染的保护性因素;居室附近有铅作业工厂是孕妇铅污染的危险因素;孕晚期由于骨铅的释放,孕妇血铅水平普遍增高。 相似文献
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目的 了解大气PM2.5污染状况及与孕妇血铅水平的关系.方法 于2011年1-12月用PM2.5颗粒物采样器测定哈尔滨市道外区(污染区)和道里区(对照区)大气PM2.5浓度,以石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定该地区169名孕产妇血铅值,应用多元逐步回归方法评价大气PM2.5与孕妇血铅水平之间的关系.结果 调查地区的非采暖期大气PM2.5浓度为(64.66±5.8) μg/m3,采暖期为(88.01±10.1) μgm3,超标率为89.5%和100.0%.污染区大气PM2.5浓度[(85.5±7.3)μg/m2]高于对照区[(61.5±5.0) μg/m3],差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).孕妇血铅中位数为54.3 μg/L.多元逐步回归分析显示,用彩色餐具盛装食物、居住在大气PM2.5浓度较高的地区可能与孕妇血铅水平的升高有关(P<0.05).结论 本次调查的孕妇血铅水平升高可能与大气PM2.5污染有关. 相似文献
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Blood lead levels in Malaysian urban and rural pregnant women 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A cross-sectional study was carried out in Malaysia to determine blood lead levels in a group of 60 pregnant women living in an urban area and another group of 63 pregnant women from a rural district. The mean blood lead level of the urban women (17·3 μg/100 ml) was significantly higher than that of the rural women (15·5 μg/100 ml). The higher urban levels probably reflect greater environmental exposure to lead. The study did not demonstrate any statistical relationship of blood lead levels with age or duration of pregnancy. 相似文献
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J H Graziano V Slavkovic P Factor-Litvak D Popovac X Ahmedi A Mehmeti 《Archives of environmental health》1991,46(6):347-350
During the course of a prospective study of lead exposure and pregnancy outcome in 1,502 women, we tested the hypothesis that environmental lead exposure is associated with depressed serum erythropoietin concentration. At mid-pregnancy and at delivery, blood samples were stratified by hemoglobin concentration; within each hemoglobin stratum, sera of women with the lowest and highest whole blood lead concentrations were selected for serum erythropoietin analysis. Analysis of variance revealed that women with higher blood lead levels had inappropriately low serum erythropoietin at both mid-pregnancy and at delivery. Thus, depressed serum erythropoietin appears to indicate lead nephrotoxicity, and it may also be responsible for the anemia associated with lead poisoning. 相似文献
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Patel AB Belsare H Banerjee A 《International journal of occupational and environmental health》2011,17(1):24-30
In a hospital-based cross-sectional study of 200 infants age 4-9 months in an Indian city (Nagpur), the authors determined the prevalence of elevated blood lead level (EBLL) and mean blood lead levels with respect to feeding patterns, i.e., breastfed or fed with formula or dairy milk. The blood lead levels in this study population ranged from 0.048 microg/dl to 42.944 microg/dl; the mean blood lead level was 10.148 microg/dl (+/- 9.128); EBLL prevalence was 38.2%. EBLL risk factors included removal of house paint in the past year, odds ratio (OR), 5.6 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.6-19.65); use of surma (eye cosmetic), OR 4.27 (95% CI, 1.39-13.08); maternal use of sindur (vermillion), OR 2.118 (95% CI, 1.07-4.44). Feeding method (breastfed or not) did not appear to have an effect on blood lead level. In non-breastfed infants, boiling of water was significantly associated with EBLL, OR 1.97 (95% CI, 1.01-3.84). 相似文献
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von Schirnding Y Mathee A Kibel M Robertson P Strauss N Blignaut R 《Environmental research》2003,93(3):259-263
This study aimed to determine the blood lead distributions among young children in the lead mining town of Aggeneys in South Africa's Northern Cape Province, and in the comparison community of Pella, about 40 Km away. A further objective of the study was to explore factors associated with elevated blood lead levels. Children aged between 6 and 10 years (average age, 8 years) were studied, 86 from Aggeneys and 68 from Pella. The results showed that blood lead levels among the children of Aggeneys averaged around 16 microg/dL, while in Pella the mean blood lead level equaled 13 microg/dL. Overall, children with raised blood lead levels performed less well at school relative to other children. Within Aggeneys, fathers of "high" lead children tended to shower at work rather than at home, which may have been insufficient to prevent lead from being transported into the home. In conclusion, more stringent environmental control measures are needed, as well as stricter personal hygiene measures, to prevent childhood lead exposure in the mining community. 相似文献