眼内异物摘出术后视网膜脱离

目的 报告并分析眼内异物摘出术后视网膜脱离发生率及有关病因。方法 眼内异物２０例（２０眼）,用玻璃体切除术摘出眼内异物。结果 ２０眼中术后视网膜脱离４眼（２０％）。术后视力提高１４眼（７０％）,视力不变３眼（１５％）,视力下降３眼（１５％）。结论 眼内异物摘出术后视网膜脱离发生原因：⑴残留玻璃体形成牵拉;⑵激光封闭裂孔不确切;⑶术中未发现的小裂孔;⑷术前玻璃体积血浑浊未能及时激光治疗;⑸异物较大,     

复杂性眼内异物玻璃体手术116例疗效分析

目的评价玻璃体手术治疗复杂性眼内异物的临床效果。方法对116例(120眼)复杂性眼内异物行玻璃体切除,眼内异物摘出和/或联合冷凝、光凝、眼内C3F8或硅油填充术,进行临床资料的回顾性分析。结果116例(120眼)经玻璃体手术后异物摘出共112眼,成功率为93.33%。术后视力提高82眼(68.33%),视力不变26眼(21.67%),视力下降12眼(10.00%)。术后1月内视力≥0.02者90眼,其中≥0.05者70眼,≥0.1者24眼,最佳矫正视力为1.0。伴视网膜脱离者32眼,术后近期(<0.5年)视网膜全部一次性复位;术后远期(≥0.5年)发现有6眼出现视网膜脱离,复位率为81.25%。结论玻璃体手术可有效地摘出复杂性眼内异物,异物摘出率高,术后视力恢复好,并可及时处理伴随的并发症。     

平坦部玻璃体切割术在眼内异物摘出中的应用

目的：回顾性分析平坦部玻璃体切割术治疗眼内异物的临床效果。方法：对３２例（３２只眼）眼外伤伴有眼内异物患者施行玻璃体切割术,晶体切割术、眼内异物摘出术、视网膜脱离复位及巩膜环扎等联合手术。结果 异物均一次性摘出。随访１～１８个月,术后视力提高者２４只眼（７５％、裸眼或矫正视力≥０．１者１７只眼,０．０２～０．０８者７只眼）,不变者３只眼,下降者５只眼（眼球萎缩）。结论：应用平坦部玻璃体切割术摘出眼     

玻璃体切除摘出眼后段异物

目的探讨玻璃体切除术摘出后段眼内异物的效果和意义。方法对玻璃体切除联合眼内异物摘出术治疗的54例（54眼）眼后段眼内异物进行回顾性研究。结果所有的病例均一次手术成功摘出眼内异物，术后视力明显提高。但巨大眼内异物或合并有眼内炎者预后较差。结论玻璃体切除联合眼内异物摘出术损伤小、准确、安全、疗效好。     

眼内后极部非磁性异物的玻璃体切除摘出术

目的 探讨以玻璃体切除术摘出眼内后极部非磁性异物的手术方法和效果。方法 回顾性分析了3l例(34眼)眼内后极部非磁性异物行玻璃体切除联合异物摘出术的临床资料。结果 应用玻璃体切除术联合眼内非磁性异物摘出术中的31例(34眼)中，32眼为一次手术成功摘出，成功率为94．12％。术后视力提高19眼(55．88％)，术后视力不变6眼(17．65％)，视力下降9眼(26．47％)。结论 玻璃体切除术治疗眼内后极部非磁性异物手术操作方便，准确，损伤小。     

玻璃体切除眼内异物摘出术

目的评价玻璃体切除后段眼内异物摘出术的效果。方法回顾性分析眼内异物伤58例（59眼）,进行眼球表面定位法后径异物摘出术23例（23眼）和玻璃体切除眼内异物摘出术35例（36眼）。结果后径摘出术异物摘出率为86．96％（20／23）,玻璃体切除异物摘出术成功率为97．22％（35／36）。玻璃体切除术术后视力明显好于后径摘出术者（P〈0．01）。结论玻璃体切除术后段眼内异物摘出术是较好方法。     

玻璃体切除联合眼内异物摘出手术的疗效观察

目的评价玻璃体切除联合眼内异物摘出手术的疗效。方法分析眼后段异物32例34眼经玻璃体切除摘出异物手术的临床资料,对术前术后的视力及并发症情况进行统计。结果玻璃体切除联合眼内异物摘出术,异物摘出成功率100%,术后视力较术前明显提高,并发症发生率低。结论玻璃体切除术是治疗眼内异物有效的方法。     

玻璃体切除术治疗复杂眼外伤的效果观察

目的观察玻璃体切除术治疗复杂性眼外伤的效果。方法回顾总结玻璃体切除术治疗复杂性眼外伤33例（33眼）的资料,分析手术的效果。结果33眼复杂眼外伤术后视力提高者30眼（90．9％）,术前视力为无光感的4眼术后视力均不同程度恢复。眼内异物摘出成功率100％,视网膜脱离复位率100％。结论现代玻璃体显微手术的发展使复杂眼外伤的治疗效果大为改善,使外伤后无光感的患眼获得了一定程度上复明的希望。     

玻璃体视网膜手术治疗眼内后段异物伤

目的 评价玻璃体视网膜手术治疗眼内后段异物伤的疗效。方法 对17例(17只眼)眼内后段异物伤患者施行玻璃体切除、晶状体切除、眼内异物取出、眼内光凝、眼内充填术，部分病例结合巩膜外环扎等联合手术。结果 一次性异物摘出率100％。术后视力提高12只眼，不变4只眼，下降1只眼。结论 应用玻璃体视网膜手术治疗眼内后段异物伤，具有异物摘出成功率高，有利于及时处理并发症和恢复有用视力。     

玻璃体切除在眼内异物摘出中的应用

目的探讨玻璃体切除术在治疗眼球穿孔伤、眼内异物存留的临床疗效及应用价值。方法对17眼眼内异物存留应用玻璃体切除摘出眼内异物进行回顾性分析、讨论。结果15眼视力有不同程度提高（0．1～0．4者4眼，占23．53，≥0．5者10眼占58．82％，1眼由光感提高到手动），2眼视力无变化。结论（1）玻璃体切除应用于眼球穿孔伤、眼内异物存留能一次摘出异物，完成多项手术。（2）能及早摘出合并屈光间质混浊和常规方法不能摘出的眼内异物，预防和减少术后并发症。     

复杂性眼球穿通伤伴眼内异物的玻璃体手术治疗

目的　评价玻璃体手术治疗复杂性眼球穿通伤伴眼内异物的效果。方法　回顾性分析 1998年 9月～ 2 0 0 2年 3月间应用玻璃体切割术、眼内异物取出术、外伤性白内障摘除术、眼内光凝、眼内充填术 ,部分病例结合巩膜外加压术等联合手术 ,治疗 5 9例 (6 3只眼 )复杂性眼球穿通伤伴眼内异物的临床资料。结果　 6 2只眼成功取出异物 ,成功率为 98.4 %。术后视力提高 4 8只眼 (76 .2 % ) ;不变 10只眼 (15 .9% ) ;下降 5只眼 (7.9% )。视力 >0 .0 2者 4 9只眼 (77.8% ) ,其中视力≥ 0 .1者 15只眼 ,最佳矫正视力 0 .8。术后有 16只眼视网膜脱离复位(72 .7% )。结论　玻璃体手术治疗可有效地取出复杂性眼内异物 ,提高术后视力     

玻璃体切割治疗眼球穿通伤球内异物的临床观察

目的 探讨玻璃体切割术治疗眼球穿通伤伴球内异物的效果.方法 对璃玻体切割术联合球内异物取出术45例(47只眼)的患者进行回顾性分析.结果 46只眼成功取出异物,成功率为97.8%,术后视力提高36只眼(76.9%);无变化8只眼(17.0%);视力下降4只眼(8.5%).术后随访6～8个月.结论 通过封闭式玻璃体切除术可有效地取出眼内异物,提高术后视力.

Abstract：

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of intraocular foreign bodies(IOFBs)with vitrectomy. Methods Forty-five patients(47 eyes)undergone extraction of intraocular foreign bodies with vitrectomy were reviewed. Results The IOFBs of 46 eyes were extracted successfully(97.8%). Visual acuity improved in 36 eyes(76.9%), no changed in 8 eyes(17.0%)and decreased in 4 eyes(8.5%). The follow-up was 6～8 months. Conclusions Vitrectomy is favorable for the extraction of IOFBs. The vision increases postoperatively.     

Microbiologic spectrum and visual outcome of posttraumatic endophthalmitis

PURPOSE: To identify the microbiologic spectrum and visual outcome of infectious endophthalmitis after open globe injuries. METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of all patients with culture-positive endophthalmitis after open globe injuries who were treated at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital and King Abdulaziz University Hospital (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) between January 1, 1993, and December 31, 2003. RESULTS: Sixty-seven patients were identified. There were 55 males and 12 females (mean age +/- SD, 23.3 +/- 18.3 years; range, 2-65 years). The mean follow-up +/- SD was 18.8 +/- 23.9 months (range, 1-120 months). Twenty-nine eyes (43%) had intraocular foreign bodies (IOFBs). A single species was isolated from 59 eyes, and multiple organisms were isolated from 8 eyes (total number of infecting organisms, 78). The most common isolates were coagulase-negative staphylococci and Streptococcus species (26.9% of isolates each). Gram-negative organisms and fungi comprised 12.8% and 3.8% of isolates, respectively. Staphylococcus epidermidis comprised 37.1% of isolates in the group with IOFBs and 16.3% of isolates in the group without IOFBs (P = 0.0358). Streptococcus species comprised 41.8% of isolates in the group without IOFBs and 8.6% of isolates in the group with IOFBs (P = 0.0024). Final visual acuity was 20/200 or better in 30 eyes (47.6%). Visual acuity of 20/200 or better at presentation (P = 0.0474) and time from injury to presentation to our institutes of <1 day (P = 0.0348) were significantly associated with better visual acuity outcome. Final visual acuity of 20/200 or better was achieved in 61.9% of patients infected with nonvirulent organisms compared with 40.5% of patients infected with virulent organisms. CONCLUSIONS: The most common organisms identified were coagulase-negative staphylococci and Streptococcus species. Clinical features associated with better visual acuity outcomes included better presenting visual acuity, early presentation to our institutes, and isolation of a nonvirulent organism. Posttraumatic endophthalmitis is associated with a poor visual prognosis.     

眼铁质沉着症临床分析

目的 探讨眼铁质沉着症的临床表现和发病机制。方法 对因眼内异物引起的10例（10眼）眼铁质沉着症进行X线眼内异物定位检查，2例采用巩膜外磁性试验后牵引至睫状体平坦部吸出；2例晶状体异物行白内障囊外摘出合并后房型人工晶状体植入；6例行平坦部三通道闭合式玻璃体手术摘出异物，其中2例视网膜脱离行视网膜复位手术并注入硅油。结果 2例晶状体异物的术后视力恢复到0．5和0．6；其余8例视力未见明显提高。2例玻璃体视网膜手术，分别于术后6、9月取出硅油，视网膜复位。结论 眼内铁质异物存留所致的眼铁质沉着症后果严重，造成视功能的严重障碍，且异物摘出较困难，术后视力改善不理想。因此在临床上对有异物伤病史的患者，一定要排除眼内异物的存在，一旦发现眼内铁质异物，应尽快摘出，避免铁质沉着症的发生。     

闭合式玻璃体切除术在眼内异物取出术中的应用

目的：回顾性分析闭合式玻璃体切除术治疗内异物的临床疗效。方法：对22例（22只眼）眼外伤合并眼内异物患者施行玻璃体切除术、晶状体切除术、眼内异物取出、视网膜脱离复位及巩膜环扎等联合手术。结果：所有病例眼内异物的一次性取出,术后视力多数有不同程度的提高（0．05以上共14只眼）,视力提高15只眼,不变4只眼,下降3只眼。结论：应用闭合式玻璃体切除术取出眼内异物手术效果好,有利于及时处理并发症和恢复有用视力。     

眼铁质沉着症（附21例报告）

目的：探讨眼铁质沉着症的临床特点及手术效果。方法：对21例21眼科铁质沉着症行X线眼内异物定位检查,其中18眼手术摘出异物,4例行后房型人工晶状体植入。结果:2例术后视力≥0.5,2例≥0.1,其余14眼视力均无明显改善。结论：眼铁质沉着症对视功能损害严重,术后视力改善不理想。为避免眼铁质沉着症的发生,一旦发现眼内铁质异物,应 尽快取出。     

Visual function in human ocular toxoplasmosis

AIM: To assess functional impairment in terms of visual acuity reduction and visual field defects in inactive ocular toxoplasmosis. METHODS: 61 patients with known ocular toxoplasmosis in a quiescent state were included in this prospective, cross-sectional study. A complete ophthalmic examination, retinal photodocumentation and standard automated perimetry (Octopus perimeter, program G2) were performed. Visual acuity was classified on the basis of the World Health Organization definition of visual impairment and blindness: normal (> or =20/25), mild (20/25 to 20/60), moderate (20/60 to 20/400) and severe (<20/400). Visual field damage was correspondingly graded as mild (mean defect <4 dB), moderate (mean defect 4-12 dB) or severe (mean defect >12 dB). RESULTS: 8 (13%) patients presented with bilateral ocular toxoplasmosis. Thus, a total of 69 eyes was evaluated. Visual field damage was encountered in 65 (94%) eyes, whereas only 28 (41%) eyes had reduced visual acuity, showing perimetric findings to be more sensitive in detecting chorioretinal damage (p<0.001). Correlation with the clinical localisation of chorioretinal scars was better for visual field (in 70% of the instances) than for visual acuity (33%). Moderate to severe functional impairment was registered in 65.2% for visual field, and in 27.5% for visual acuity. CONCLUSION: In its quiescent stage, ocular toxoplasmosis was associated with permanent visual field defects in >94% of the eyes studied. Hence, standard automated perimetry may better reflect the functional damage encountered by ocular toxoplasmosis than visual acuity.     

Surgical management of non-metallic and non-magnetic metallic intraocular foreign bodies.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To identify clinical features and evaluate outcomes of vitreoretinal surgery in eyes with retained non-metallic and non-magnetic metallic intraocular foreign bodies (IOFBs). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective chart review. Thirty-two eyes (28 patients) with non-metallic and non-magnetic metallic IOFBs underwent removal of IOFBs with intraocular forceps, either via the pars plana in 30 eyes (93.9%) or a limbal approach in 2 eyes (6.25%). The main outcome measures were postoperative visual acuity, rate of retinal break formation, development of retinal detachment, and type of IOFB. RESULTS: IOFBs were non-metallic in 22 eyes (68.7%) and non-magnetic metallic in 10 eyes (31.1%). The average follow-up period was 7.5 months. Overall, final visual acuity was 20/40 or better in 10 eyes (31.1%) and 5/200 to 20/50 in 10 eyes (31.1%). A higher incidence of retinal break formation posterior to the sclerotomy was seen with glass IOFBs (P = .02). Retinal detachment was observed preoperatively in 4 eyes (12.5%) and postoperatively in 2 eyes (6.25%). CONCLUSION: Final visual outcome was independent of size and type of IOFB. Pars plana extractions may be associated with a higher rate of retinal break formation and subsequent retinal detachment, particularly with glass IOFBs.     

玻璃体切割取出眼球壁异物

目的：评价玻璃体切割联合眼内异物取出术治疗眼球壁异物的效果。方法：回顾性分析1998年9月－2002年3月经玻璃体手术治疗眼球异物29例29眼的临床资料。结果：28眼成功取出异物，成功率为96．6％，术后视力提高21眼（72．4％），不变5眼（17．3％），下降3眼（10．3％），术后1个月视力＞0．02者22眼（75．9％），其中≥0．1者6眼（20．7％）。结论：玻璃体切割术可有效取出眼球壁异物，减少并发症发生，提高术后视力，同时可处理眼内异物存留的并发症。     

后段眼内异物的手术处理

目的 评价后段眼内异物的后路摘出法及经玻璃体摘出法的效果及影响因素。方法 后段眼内异物126例(126眼)中36眼行伤后初期清创缝合联合后路异物摘出术，90眼行玻璃体切除联合眼内异物摘出术，其中晶状体切除玻璃体切除32眼，玻璃体切除联合眼内激光24眼，玻璃体切除联合硅油填充20眼，玻璃体切除联合c3F8填充14眼。结果 126眼均成功摘出异物。术后视力≥0．5者占30．16％，0．2—0．4者占37．3％，0．05—0．1者占14．29％。后路异物摘出术后发生PVR6眼占16．67％，而玻璃体切除联合眼内异物摘出术后发生PVR5眼，仅占5．56％。结论 后路异物摘出适用于异物较小，晶状体透明，玻璃体透明或轻度浑浊者。提倡玻璃体切除联合眼内异物摘出术。