64层螺旋CT对冠状动脉狭窄评估的临床应用价值

目的评价64层螺旋CT诊断冠状动脉狭窄的准确性及临床应用价值。方法以管腔直径减小超出50％为标准判定冠状动脉狭窄。对同时接受64层螺旋CT冠状动脉血管成像(computerized tomographic angiography,CTA)和传统冠状动脉血管造影(coronary angiography,CAG)检查的患者31例进行比较,分析64层螺旋CT诊断冠状动脉狭窄的敏感性、特异性和符合率。结果 CTA评价冠状动脉狭窄的敏感性为76．7％,特异性为94．7％,符合率为86．0％。结论 64层螺旋CT 冠状动脉血管成像有较高的诊断准确性,可作为评价冠状动脉狭窄的一种无创检查方法。     

62例冠脉支架术后患者的64排螺旋CT与冠脉造影结果分析

目的探讨64排螺旋CT冠状动脉成像评价冠状动脉支架通畅性的临床应用价值。方法对62例冠状动脉支架置入术后患者的86枚支架行64排螺旋CT扫描，对照冠脉造影检查结果，评价64排螺旋CT在冠脉支架术后再狭窄的诊断价值。结果针对62例患者置入的86枚支架进行了以冠脉造影为“金标准”的诊断试验评价，无创冠状动脉造影（冠脉CTA）对冠脉支架内再狭窄的诊断的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为88．9％、98．6％、66．7％和98．6％。结论冠脉CTA对冠脉支架内再狭窄患者有高的阴性预测值，可应用于冠脉支架术后随访。     

64排螺旋CT在老年冠心病合并糖尿病患者冠脉病变诊断中的应用

目的探讨64排螺旋CT检查老年冠心病并糖尿病患者冠脉病变程度及冠脉内病变性质的应用价值。方法对52例临床诊断为冠心病并糖尿病的老年患者行冠状动脉64排螺旋CT冠脉造影（CTA）及常规选择性冠状动脉造影（CAG）检查。对CTA增强扫描轴位图像行多平面重建、容积再现、最大密度投影、曲面重建、仿真血管内镜等后处理,评估冠脉管腔狭窄程度及斑块性质。成像、造影以CAG为金标准,分析CTA的诊断价值。结果CAG发现狭窄段174个,CTA正确检出155个（89．1％）。其诊断冠状动脉狭窄的敏感性为89．1％,特异性为92．8％,准确率91．9％,阳性预测值81．2％,阴性预测值96．1％。结论CTA对冠状动脉狭窄有较高的诊断价值。     

64排螺旋CT冠脉成像与冠脉造影对冠心病诊断的比较

目的：探讨64排螺旋CT冠脉成像对冠心病的诊断价值。方法：以冠脉造影（CAG）结果为金指标，采用64排螺旋CT对100例疑诊冠心病患者的冠脉主干及主要分支400节段进行重建和分析，评价其诊断冠心病的灵敏性和特异性。结果：64排螺旋CT能清晰显示冠脉主干及分支狭窄、钙化、开口起源异常及桥血管病变，对冠脉狭窄性病变的诊断准确性高，诊断冠脉病变的灵敏度96.37％，特异度96．14％，阳性预测值95．88％，阴性预测值96．6％。但对慢性闭塞性病变诊断性的准确率稍差，灵敏度50％，特异度96．77％，阳性预测值62．5％，阴性预测值94．73％。结论：64排螺旋CT冠脉成像对冠脉狭窄病变、桥血管、心肌桥、支架管腔均显影良好，对钙化病变诊断率优于冠脉造影，可以作为冠心病高危人群无创性筛选检查及冠脉支架、搭桥术后随访手段。     

64排螺旋CT在冠脉支架植入术后随访中的应用

目的 探讨64排螺旋CT血管成像技术在冠脉支架植入术后随访中的应用价值.方法 18例支架植入术后患者,术后3～20个月接受64排螺旋CT检查,多层螺旋CT增强扫描结合回顾性心电门控技术.患者同时接受选择性冠状动脉造影.结果 64排螺旋CT血管成像的检查结果显示,18例患者接受植入的28个支架中,22个支架通畅,3个支架完全闭塞,与选择性冠状动脉造影结果相一致;另外3个支架因为伪影的影响不能被评价.结论 64排螺旋CT是评价支架通畅与否的一项新的很有价值的无创方法.     

64排螺旋CT评价冠状动脉旁路移植术后桥血管的效果

目的：探讨64排螺旋CT在冠状动脉桥血管的临床应用价值。方法：对42例冠状动脉旁路术后病人,共145条桥血管（其中内乳动脉46条,大隐静脉桥99条）,进行64排螺旋CT造影（CTA）。CT扫描时病人的平均心室率为（60±5）次／min。42例中20例桥血管血管吻合口冠状动脉狭窄（≥50％）或闭塞的病人及7例吻合口远端狭窄或闭塞的病人同时进行了冠状动脉造影（CAG）。结果：42例病人CTA均可评价。显示桥血管通畅125条．闭塞20条（其中内乳动脉5条,静脉桥15条）。CTA诊断冠状动脉桥血管狭窄（≥50％）或闭塞的准确性达100％。结论：CTA可以准确评价冠状动脉桥血管以及吻合口再狭窄的程度,桥血管近端吻合口的位置,可提示冠状动脉桥血管术后CAG的径路,是评价冠状动脉桥血管病变．创伤性小的首选方法。     

64排螺旋CT冠状动脉成像对冠心病合并糖尿病患者冠脉病变的诊断价值研究

目的评价64排螺旋CT冠状动脉成像在冠心病（CAD）合并糖尿病患者冠状动脉病变诊断中的价值。方法345例应用64排螺旋CT疑诊为CAD的糖尿病患者,以冠状动脉造影（CAG）结果为金指标,评价64排螺旋CT在CAD诊断中的价值。对3568支冠状动脉血管进行选择性CAG检查,将两种方法的检查结果进行对照分析。结果64排螺旋CT对冠状动脉狭窄的诊断与CAG比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。64排螺旋CT显示多排螺旋CT血管造影（MSCTA）诊断冠状动脉狭窄有较高的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值及阴性预测值。结论64排螺旋CT冠状动脉成像技术是一项可靠的CAD诊断方法,作为一项非创伤性检查技术,是评价冠状动脉病变的重要手段。     

64排螺旋CT冠脉成像在冠心病诊断中的应用价值

目的 评价64排螺旋CT冠脉成像在冠心病诊断中的应用价值.方法 82例患者分别进行64排螺旋CT增强扫描和经皮冠状动脉血管造影术,始终由两位不知造影结果的医师进行阅片,并且根据冠脉血管造影结果作为标准进行对比分析.结果64排螺旋CT判断不同部位冠脉血管狭窄(管腔狭窄≥50％),对于左冠主干狭窄的诊断和冠脉造影相同,其特异度和灵敏度均为100.0％;对于左前降支狭窄的诊断的灵敏度和特异度次之,均为95.2％;左回旋支和右冠狭窄的诊断灵敏度最低.结论 64排螺旋CT对冠状动脉成像质量高,对狭窄的诊断能力强,是目前冠状动脉痛变最理想的无创检查方法之一,有较高的临床应用价值.     

冠状动脉钙化性中重度狭窄的MSCT与DSA对比研究

目的探讨钙化斑块所致管腔≥50%狭窄评价的准确程度。方法回顾性分析97例患者冠状动脉成像和冠状动脉造影检查,比较钙化斑块所致冠状动脉狭窄≥50%的64排螺旋CT冠状动脉成像(CTCA)与冠状动脉造影(CAG)评价的差异性。结果64层螺旋CT冠状动脉成像评价冠状动脉管腔狭窄≥50%的病变中,钙化斑块所致的管腔狭窄≥50%有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论 64层螺旋CT冠脉成像分析钙化斑块所致冠状动脉管腔≥50%狭窄误差比较大,对混合斑块、非钙化斑块所致冠状动脉管腔≥50%狭窄的评价可信度比较高。     

MSCT冠状动脉成像在冠状动脉支架置入术后的应用

目的 探讨64排螺旋CT （MSCT）冠状动脉成像在冠状动脉支架置入后的应用价值.方法 分析行冠状动脉支架置入术后于我院2011年9月至2013年8月期间行64排MSCT冠状动脉成像的患者47例.用评分的方法客观评估多层螺旋CT血管造影（MSCTA）对冠状动脉支架的显示情况,并对支架管腔狭窄情况进行评估测量.对于中重度狭窄的患者进一步行DSA检查,并分析其与MSCTA评估结果的相关性.结果 47例患者共置入89枚冠状动脉支架,其中评为3分的支架为39枚,评为2分的支架为41枚,评为1分的支架为9枚.39枚支架没有发现狭窄,24枚支架轻度狭窄,15枚支架中度狭窄,11枚支架重度狭窄.DSA与MSCTA对中、重度狭窄的评估呈高度正相关,相关系数为r=0.804.伴钙化支架组MSCTA中、重度狭窄评估结果与DSA评估结果呈中度相关,相关系数为r=0.603.结论 MSCT冠状动脉成像能够很好地显示冠状动脉支架及其管腔狭窄,具有重要的临床价值.支架局部的钙化是影响评估准确性的因素之一.     

Non-invasive computed tomography angiography in the assessment of coronary stent patency: an Australian experience

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of 16‐slice computed tomography (CT) in the assessment of coronary stent patency. CT coronary angiography (CA) has a high degree of accuracy in the assessment of coronary artery disease compared with invasive selective CA. However, its accuracy in the evaluation of stent patency is not well investigated. Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study of paired CT coronary angiography (CT–CA) and invasive fluoroscopic coronary angiography (FCA) in 37 patients with 47 coronary stents. CT–CA was carried out with an electrocardiogram‐gated 16‐slice CT (LightSpeed‐16, General Electric (GE), WI, USA). Two CT reporters, blinded to the FCA findings, assessed CT images for stent patency. A cardiologist blinded to CT findings reported FCA. FCA was regarded as the reference standard. Results: A CT–CA could assess 45 of 47 coronary stents (96%). Non‐assessable stents on CT–CA were due to motion artefacts and stent‐blooming effects. Of those 45 assessable stents, CT–CA correctly identified five out of seven stents with binary in‐stent restenosis (ISR) and 37 of 38 stents without binary ISR. The sensitivity and specificity of 16‐slice CT in the evaluation of coronary stents for binary ISR were 71% (95% confidence interval (CI) (29%, 96%)) and 97% (95%CI (86%, 100%)), respectively, exclusive of non‐assessable stents. The positive and negative predictive values of 16‐slice CT were 83% (95%CI (36%, 100%)) and 95% (95%CI (83%, 99%)), respectively. Conclusion: Sixteen‐slice CT has a low sensitivity, but very a high specificity when compared with FCA in the evaluation of coronary stents for ISR.     

64排CT冠状动脉斑块分析对冠状动脉直接支架术指导作用的研究

目的 探讨64排CT冠状动脉斑块分析对冠状动脉直接支架术的指导意义.方法 连续入选接受64排CT冠状动脉成像（CTA）并冠状动脉直接支架术治疗的患者42例,置入支架44枚.根据支架释放后有无残余狭窄分为2组,组间对比64排CT冠状动脉成像所示斑块的性质、斑块的CT值、钙化长度、横断面最大钙化面积.结果 残余狭窄组患者斑块的最大CT值大于无残余狭窄组（P＜0.01）.Logistic回归分析显示,当斑块的CT值达到648～679时,支架释放时出现残余狭窄的概率为70％～90％.结论 冠状动脉直接支架术支架释放后出现残余狭窄与斑块的最大CT值有关,当斑块有明显大的CT值时,采用直接支架术需谨慎.     

Usefulness of 16-slice multislice spiral computed tomography for follow-up study of coronary stent implantation.

BACKGROUND: Although multislice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) is a promising technique for non-invasive coronary angiography, its usefulness in patients with stent implantation remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to compare the usefulness of MSCT with that of invasive coronary angiography for evaluating coronary stent patency. METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirty-one patients were enrolled after coronary stent implantation. Sixteen-slice MSCT scans were performed (39.0+/-21.8 days) before follow-up coronary angiography. After assigning an image score based on luminal visibility (1= poor, 2= fair, 3= good), factors determing image quality were analyzed. Among 42 implanted stents, 33 (78%) were assigned an image score of 3, 2 (5%) a score of 2, and 7 (17%) a score of 1. Image scores among stents with diameters >or=3.5 mm were significantly (p<0.05) higher than among smaller stents (相似文献   

64层螺旋CT冠状动脉支架成像效果的影响因素

目的 探讨64层螺旋CT冠状动脉支架成像效果的影响因素.方法选取冠状动脉药物涂层金属支架植入术后行64层螺旋CT检查的病例116例,对支架部位图像质量采取半定量评价,分析支架直径、支架长度、支架材质、支架个数和钙化情况对支架部位CT图像质量的影响.结果 64层螺旋CT检出有意义支架内再狭窄的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为85.7%、90.2%、60.0%、97.4%.直径2.75 mm以上支架的CT图像质量优于直径2.75 mm及以下的支架(P<0.001),非钙化病变的支架术后CT图像质量优于钙化病变(P<0.05).支架长度、支架材质和是否多支架对支架部位CT图像质量无影响.结论 64层螺旋CT能胜任冠状动脉支架术后复查.直径2.75 mm以上支架和非钙化病变的支架病例更适合用64层螺旋CT进行复查.     

双支架与单支架治疗分叉病变疗效的比较

目的：观察比较双支架与单支架在分又病变患者中的疗效。方法：64例急性心肌梗塞患者被随机分成两组,一组给予双支架治疗（36例）;另一组仅在母血管植入支架而对分支血管进行球囊扩张术（28例）,术后行造影检查。结果：两组术后造影成功率方面（95．4％：82．1％）,6个月再狭窄率（33．3％：46．4％）,需再血管化治疗（19．4％：21．4％）均无显著差别（P〉0．05）。结论：对于冠脉分叉病变双支架与单支架治疗的疗效没有明显差别。     

高清计算机断层扫描模式对冠状动脉支架成像质量的影响

目的比较高清模式和标准模式对高清计算机断层扫描（HDCT）冠状动脉支架成像质量的影响。方法纳入30例冠状动脉支架术后复查患者（共置入支架48个）,行冠状动脉支架成像,分别用高清模式和标准模式进行重建,以支架原始数据为参照,对两种不同重建模式的图像质量进行评价。结果与标准模式相比,高清模式重建测得的支架内径[（2.39±0.58）mmvs.（2.08±0.51）mm]和平均长度[（22.38±5.99）mm vs.（22.48±5.87）mm]均更接近于实际值,两组数据存在统计学差异（P〈0.05）。结论 HDCT成像空间能有效提高冠状动脉支架测量的准确性。     

64排螺旋CT指导下不同性质冠状动脉斑块经皮冠状动脉介入治疗后的近期疗效

目的探讨64排螺旋计算机断层扫描成像(computerized tomography,CT)指导下不同性质冠状动脉斑块应用旋磨加药物支架植入术近期预后情况。方法将401例冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)患者分为常规治疗组及64排螺旋CT指导组。CT指导组在斑块CT值大于200 HU时的钙化病变行旋磨加药物支架植入,常规治疗组根据临床经验选择药物支架植入术或补救性旋磨术,观察两组患者12个月后的临床预后。结果两组的基线资料比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组随访的主要心血管事件、心源性死亡、非致死性心肌梗死、靶血管血运重建发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(10.2%vs.9.2%,P=0.739;1.5%vs.0,P=0.249;3.9%vs.2.0%,P=0.382;7.3%vs.5.6%,P=0.547)。两组支架内血栓总的发生率及早、晚期的血栓发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。9个月造影随访提示支架内及血管段再狭窄发生率两组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);但支架内最小直径及血管段最小直径常规治疗组均较CT指导组有显著减小,差异有统计学意义[(2.53±0.56)mmvs.(2.67±0.62)mm,P=0.032;(2.49±0.50)mm vs.(2.57±0.57)mm,P=0.021)];而支架内管腔晚期丢失及血管段管腔晚期丢失CT指导组均比常规治疗组显著减少,差异有统计学意义[(0.19±0.07)mm vs.(0.22±0.06)mm,P<0.001;(0.22±0.09)mm vs.(0.25±0.07)mm,P=0.003)]。结论通过无创64排螺旋CT了解钙化病变性质,提前合理分类,术中有效结合旋磨术及药物支架植入术,将有效提高即时手术成功率,减少不良并发症的出现,是处理重度钙化病变的较佳办法。     

Angiography-guided routine coronary stent implantation results in suboptimal dilatation

The resistance of the atherosclerotic lesion counteracts the expansion of the stent, resulting in suboptimal stent expansion. Intravascular ultrasound provides more precise information on stent expansion than coronary angiography but adds cost and time to the percutaneous transluminal coronary angiography procedure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the need for intravascular ultrasound at routine angiography-guided high pressure stent implantation by comparing stent expansion with predefined intracoronary ultrasound criteria for optimal stent implantation. In 32 patients, 48 stents (35 NIR, 12 AVE, and 1 Cordis) were implanted in A, B, and C stenoses using a high-pressure inflation technique until an optimal result was achieved according to angiography. Stent expansion was then evaluated by intravascular ultrasound as minimal lumen diameter, minimal lumen area, proximal and distal stent area, and a minimal lumen area symmetry index. These variables were then compared with the nominal stent size in vitro. Finally the stents were also evaluated with respect to the MUSIC criteria, ie, strict criteria regarding symmetry, apposition, and vessel geometry according to intravascular ultrasound after stent expansion. Forty-five stents could be completely analyzed. The mean balloon inflation pressure was 12.8 (range, 10-17) atm. The nominal stent size was not achieved in any patient. Minimal lumen diameter attained 77% and minimal lumen area 78% of expected nominal values (p<0.0001), distal stent area 88% (p < 0.001), and proximal stent area 92% (ns). Application of the MUSIC criteria showed that almost all stents (96%) had good stent apposition and symmetry index. Optimal proximal stent entrance was found in 70%. Optimal minimal lumen area in comparison to the reference areas was present in 41%. This lead to fulfilling of all MUSIC criteria in 47% of the stents. If nominal stent size had been achieved, symmetry index and apposition would have been fulfilled in all cases and optimal minimal lumen area increased to 75%. Acceptable proximal entrance however would have decreased to 55% and the fulfillment of all MUSIC criteria would increase only to 52%. In routine angiography-guided stent implantation in stenoses with a wide range of severities using modern stents and high pressure inflation technique to reach a visually optimal result, the nominal stent size was never achieved mainly due to residual intrastent stenosis. If nominal stent size had been achieved, the results would have improved only marginally and would still be suboptimal in almost half of the stents. These results highlight the shortcoming of angiography and the need for intravascular ultrasound in choosing correct stent size.     

支架影像增强显影技术在冠脉支架植入术中的应用效果观察

目的：评价支架增强显影（ SB）技术在冠脉支架植入术中的应用效果。方法将204例行冠状动脉支架植入术的患者随机分为观察组和对照组,各102例。两组均采用常规冠状动脉造影方法行冠状动脉造影,并在其指导下进行冠状动脉支架植入术。对照组支架植入后采用QCA自动分析系统测量支架直径的相关参数（包括支架直径的最小值、最大值、均值）并计算支架偏心指数。同时进行支架可视性和球囊内扩张必要性评分。观察组在支架植入后行SB,测量上述指标并进行上述评分。观察组26例支架植入后行血管内超声（ IVUS）检查,测量上述指标并进行上述评分。结果对照组支架植入后支架可视性得分低于观察组, P＜0．05。对照组发现30处、观察组发现48处有球囊内扩张必要性而行支架球囊内扩张术。两组QCA、SB、IVUS测得植入支架最小直径、最大直径、直径均值和支架偏心指数差异无统计学意义。 Pearson相关性分析显示QCA与SB、QCA与IVUS、SB与IVUS测得支架最小直径均有良好的相关性,r分别为0．772、0．775、0．782,P均＜0．05。结论 SB可明显提高支架的可视性,有效指导支架的球囊内扩张,在测量支架直径方面甚至可以替代冠脉内超声。